diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/add_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/add_test.rb
index 23b109974..e874ab487 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/add_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/add_test.rb
@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Add do
     let(:argv) { ["foo"] }
 
     it "executes the runner with the proper actions" do
-      action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |action, **opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, **opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to be_nil
         expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq("foo")
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.execute
     end
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Add do
     let(:argv) { ["foo", "bar"] }
 
     it "executes the runner with the proper actions" do
-      action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |action, **opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, **opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq("foo")
         expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq("bar")
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.execute
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/remove_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/remove_test.rb
index a13fd30fb..67c4a0131 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/remove_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/remove_test.rb
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Remove do
     let(:argv) { ["foo"] }
 
     it "invokes the action runner" do
-      action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |action, opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq("foo")
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.execute
     end
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Remove do
     let(:argv) { ["foo", "bar"] }
 
     it "uses the 2nd arg as a provider" do
-      action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |action, opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq("foo")
         expect(opts[:box_provider]).to eq("bar")
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.execute
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/update_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/update_test.rb
index 1ba9cdc2c..b41b82100 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/update_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/update_test.rb
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
 
       it "doesn't update if they're up to date" do
         called = false
-        action_runner.stub(:run) do |callable, opts|
+        allow(action_runner).to receive(:run) do |callable, opts|
           if opts[:box_provider]
             called = true
           end
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
         end
 
         action_called = false
-        action_runner.stub(:run) do |action, opts|
+        allow(action_runner).to receive(:run) do |action, opts|
           if opts[:box_provider]
             action_called = true
             expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq(metadata_url.to_s)
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
       it "raises an error if there are multiple providers" do
         test_iso_env.box3("foo", "1.0", :vmware)
 
-        action_runner.should_receive(:run).never
+        expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).never
 
         expect { subject.execute }.
           to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxUpdateMultiProvider)
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
           test_iso_env.box3("foo", "1.0", :vmware)
 
           action_called = false
-          action_runner.stub(:run) do |action, opts|
+          allow(action_runner).to receive(:run) do |action, opts|
             if opts[:box_provider]
               action_called = true
               expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq(metadata_url.to_s)
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
         end
 
         it "raises an error if that provider doesn't exist" do
-          action_runner.should_receive(:run).never
+          expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).never
 
           expect { subject.execute }.
             to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxNotFoundWithProvider)
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
         let(:argv) { ["--box", "nope"] }
 
         it "raises an exception" do
-          action_runner.should_receive(:run).never
+          expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).never
 
           expect { subject.execute }.
             to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxNotFound)
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
 
     context "updating environment machines" do
       before do
-        subject.stub(:with_target_vms) { |&block| block.call machine }
+        allow(subject).to receive(:with_target_vms) { |&block| block.call machine }
       end
 
       let(:box) do
@@ -183,18 +183,18 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
       end
 
       it "ignores machines without boxes" do
-        action_runner.should_receive(:run).never
+        expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).never
 
         subject.execute
       end
 
       it "doesn't update boxes if they're up-to-date" do
         machine.stub(box: box)
-        box.should_receive(:has_update?).
+        expect(box).to receive(:has_update?).
           with(machine.config.vm.box_version).
           and_return(nil)
 
-        action_runner.should_receive(:run).never
+        expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).never
 
         subject.execute
       end
@@ -221,17 +221,17 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
         RAW
 
         machine.stub(box: box)
-        box.should_receive(:has_update?).
+        expect(box).to receive(:has_update?).
           with(machine.config.vm.box_version).
           and_return([md, md.version("1.1"), md.version("1.1").provider("virtualbox")])
 
-        action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |action, opts|
+        expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
           expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq(box.metadata_url)
           expect(opts[:box_provider]).to eq("virtualbox")
           expect(opts[:box_version]).to eq("1.1")
           expect(opts[:ui]).to equal(machine.ui)
           true
-        end
+        }
 
         subject.execute
       end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/list-commands/command_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/list-commands/command_test.rb
index 006396ba8..e8cc4ba56 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/list-commands/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/list-commands/command_test.rb
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandListCommands::Command do
       commands[:bar] = [command_lambda("bar", 0), { primary: true }]
       commands[:baz] = [command_lambda("baz", 0), { primary: false }]
 
-      iso_env.ui.should_receive(:info).with do |message, opts|
+      expect(iso_env.ui).to receive(:info).with { |message, opts|
         expect(message).to include("foo")
         expect(message).to include("bar")
         expect(message).to include("baz")
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.execute
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/install_gem_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/install_gem_test.rb
index df5362555..e038d6595 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/install_gem_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/install_gem_test.rb
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::InstallGem do
   describe "#call" do
     it "should install the plugin" do
       spec = Gem::Specification.new
-      manager.should_receive(:install_plugin).with(
+      expect(manager).to receive(:install_plugin).with(
         "foo", version: nil, require: nil, sources: nil, verbose: false).once.and_return(spec)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
       env[:plugin_name] = "foo"
       subject.call(env)
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::InstallGem do
 
     it "should specify the version if given" do
       spec = Gem::Specification.new
-      manager.should_receive(:install_plugin).with(
+      expect(manager).to receive(:install_plugin).with(
         "foo", version: "bar", require: nil, sources: nil, verbose: false).once.and_return(spec)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
       env[:plugin_name] = "foo"
       env[:plugin_version] = "bar"
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::InstallGem do
 
     it "should specify the entrypoint if given" do
       spec = Gem::Specification.new
-      manager.should_receive(:install_plugin).with(
+      expect(manager).to receive(:install_plugin).with(
         "foo", version: "bar", require: "baz", sources: nil, verbose: false).once.and_return(spec)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
       env[:plugin_entry_point] = "baz"
       env[:plugin_name] = "foo"
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::InstallGem do
 
     it "should specify the sources if given" do
       spec = Gem::Specification.new
-      manager.should_receive(:install_plugin).with(
+      expect(manager).to receive(:install_plugin).with(
         "foo", version: nil, require: nil, sources: ["foo"], verbose: false).once.and_return(spec)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
       env[:plugin_name] = "foo"
       env[:plugin_sources] = ["foo"]
@@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::InstallGem do
       end
 
       it "should uninstall the plugin" do
-        action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |action, newenv|
+        expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, newenv|
           expect(newenv[:plugin_name]).to eql("foo")
-        end
+        }
 
         subject.recover(env)
       end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/plugin_exists_check_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/plugin_exists_check_test.rb
index 3a442e9ae..cf157f92f 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/plugin_exists_check_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/plugin_exists_check_test.rb
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::PluginExistsCheck do
 
   it "should raise an exception if the plugin doesn't exist" do
     manager.stub(installed_plugins: { "foo" => {} })
-    app.should_not_receive(:call)
+    expect(app).not_to receive(:call)
 
     env[:plugin_name] = "bar"
     expect { subject.call(env) }.
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::PluginExistsCheck do
 
   it "should call the app if the plugin is installed" do
     manager.stub(installed_plugins: { "bar" => {} })
-    app.should_receive(:call).once.with(env)
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).once.with(env)
 
     env[:plugin_name] = "bar"
     subject.call(env)
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/uninstall_plugin_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/uninstall_plugin_test.rb
index ffe17122e..13d9dc134 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/uninstall_plugin_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/uninstall_plugin_test.rb
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::UninstallPlugin do
   end
 
   it "uninstalls the specified plugin" do
-    manager.should_receive(:uninstall_plugin).with("bar").ordered
-    app.should_receive(:call).ordered
+    expect(manager).to receive(:uninstall_plugin).with("bar").ordered
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).ordered
 
     env[:plugin_name] = "bar"
     subject.call(env)
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/update_gems_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/update_gems_test.rb
index f92b26990..50e56267b 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/update_gems_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/update_gems_test.rb
@@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::UpdateGems do
 
   describe "#call" do
     it "should update all plugins if none are specified" do
-      manager.should_receive(:update_plugins).with([]).once.and_return([])
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      expect(manager).to receive(:update_plugins).with([]).once.and_return([])
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
       subject.call(env)
     end
 
     it "should update specified plugins" do
-      manager.should_receive(:update_plugins).with(["foo"]).once.and_return([])
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      expect(manager).to receive(:update_plugins).with(["foo"]).once.and_return([])
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
       env[:plugin_name] = ["foo"]
       subject.call(env)
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/ssh_config/command_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/ssh_config/command_test.rb
index 4f5c51459..7e8b9be6e 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/ssh_config/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/ssh_config/command_test.rb
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandSSHConfig::Command do
 
   before do
     machine.stub(ssh_info: ssh_info)
-    subject.stub(:with_target_vms) { |&block| block.call machine }
+    allow(subject).to receive(:with_target_vms) { |&block| block.call machine }
   end
 
   describe "execute" do
     it "prints out the ssh config for the given machine" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with(<<-SSHCONFIG)
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(<<-SSHCONFIG)
 Host #{machine.name}
   HostName testhost.vagrant.dev
   User testuser
@@ -51,34 +51,34 @@ Host #{machine.name}
     end
 
     it "turns on agent forwarding when it is configured" do
-      machine.stub(:ssh_info) { ssh_info.merge(:forward_agent => true) }
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with { |ssh_config|
-        ssh_config.should include("ForwardAgent yes")
+      allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info) { ssh_info.merge(:forward_agent => true) }
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |ssh_config|
+        expect(ssh_config).to include("ForwardAgent yes")
       }
       subject.execute
     end
 
     it "turns on x11 forwarding when it is configured" do
-      machine.stub(:ssh_info) { ssh_info.merge(:forward_x11 => true) }
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with { |ssh_config|
-        ssh_config.should include("ForwardX11 yes")
+      allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info) { ssh_info.merge(:forward_x11 => true) }
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |ssh_config|
+        expect(ssh_config).to include("ForwardX11 yes")
       }
       subject.execute
     end
 
     it "handles multiple private key paths" do
-      machine.stub(:ssh_info) { ssh_info.merge(:private_key_path => ["foo", "bar"]) }
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with { |ssh_config|
-        ssh_config.should include("IdentityFile foo")
-        ssh_config.should include("IdentityFile bar")
+      allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info) { ssh_info.merge(:private_key_path => ["foo", "bar"]) }
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |ssh_config|
+        expect(ssh_config).to include("IdentityFile foo")
+        expect(ssh_config).to include("IdentityFile bar")
       }
       subject.execute
     end
 
     it "puts quotes around an identityfile path if it has a space" do
-      machine.stub(:ssh_info) { ssh_info.merge(:private_key_path => ["with a space"]) }
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with { |ssh_config|
-        ssh_config.should include('IdentityFile "with a space"')
+      allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info) { ssh_info.merge(:private_key_path => ["with a space"]) }
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |ssh_config|
+        expect(ssh_config).to include('IdentityFile "with a space"')
       }
       subject.execute
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/debian/cap/change_host_name_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/debian/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
index 83ba71016..76a1a48ba 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/debian/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/debian/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::GuestDebian::Cap::ChangeHostName" do
   let(:old_hostname) { 'oldhostname.olddomain.tld' }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
     communicator.stub_command('hostname -f', stdout: old_hostname)
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/redhat/cap/change_host_name_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/redhat/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
index c08525f02..663cfa298 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/redhat/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/redhat/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::GuestRedHat::Cap::ChangeHostName" do
   let(:communicator) { VagrantTests::DummyCommunicator::Communicator.new(machine) }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
     communicator.stub_command('hostname -f', stdout: old_hostname)
     communicator.expect_command('hostname -f')
   end
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::GuestRedHat::Cap::ChangeHostName" do
 
     it "does more even when the provided hostname is not different" do
       described_class.change_host_name(machine, old_hostname)
-      communicator.received_commands.to_set.should_not == communicator.expected_commands.keys.to_set
+      expect(communicator.received_commands.to_set).not_to eq(communicator.expected_commands.keys.to_set)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/support/shared/debian_like_host_name_examples.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/support/shared/debian_like_host_name_examples.rb
index afa2e63e6..b7ae47929 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/support/shared/debian_like_host_name_examples.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/support/shared/debian_like_host_name_examples.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ shared_examples "a debian-like host name change" do
 
   it "does nothing when the provided hostname is not different" do
     described_class.change_host_name(machine, 'oldhostname.olddomain.tld')
-    communicator.received_commands.should == ['hostname -f']
+    expect(communicator.received_commands).to eq(['hostname -f'])
   end
 
   describe "flipping out the old hostname in /etc/hosts" do
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ shared_examples "a debian-like host name change" do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1 localhost
         127.0.1.1 newhostname.newdomain.tld newhostname
       RESULT
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ shared_examples "a debian-like host name change" do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1 localhost
         127.0.1.1 newhostname.newdomain.tld newhostname
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ shared_examples "a debian-like host name change" do
 
         modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-        modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+        expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
           127.0.0.1 localhost
           127.0.1.1 newhostname.newdomain.tld newhostname
         RESULT
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/support/shared/redhat_like_host_name_examples.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/support/shared/redhat_like_host_name_examples.rb
index d72099589..1b4959449 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/support/shared/redhat_like_host_name_examples.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/support/shared/redhat_like_host_name_examples.rb
@@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ shared_examples 'a full redhat-like host name change' do
 
   it "does nothing when the provided hostname is not different" do
     described_class.change_host_name(machine, old_hostname)
-    communicator.received_commands.to_set.should == communicator.expected_commands.keys.to_set
+    expect(communicator.received_commands.to_set).to eq(communicator.expected_commands.keys.to_set)
   end
 
   it "does more when the provided hostname is a similar version" do
     described_class.change_host_name(machine, similar_hostname)
-    communicator.received_commands.to_set.should_not == communicator.expected_commands.keys.to_set
+    expect(communicator.received_commands.to_set).not_to eq(communicator.expected_commands.keys.to_set)
   end
 end
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ shared_examples 'inserting hostname in /etc/hosts' do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1   newhostname.newdomain.tld newhostname localhost.localdomain localhost
         ::1     localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
       RESULT
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ shared_examples 'inserting hostname in /etc/hosts' do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1   newhostname localhost.localdomain localhost
         ::1     localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
       RESULT
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ shared_examples 'swapping simple hostname in /etc/hosts' do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1   newhostname.newdomain.tld newhostname localhost.localdomain localhost
         ::1     localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
       RESULT
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ shared_examples 'swapping simple hostname in /etc/hosts' do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1   newhostname.newdomain.tld newhostname oldhostname.nope localhost.localdomain localhost
         ::1     localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
       RESULT
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ shared_examples 'swapping simple hostname in /etc/hosts' do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1   newhostname localhost.localdomain localhost
         ::1     localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
       RESULT
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ shared_examples 'swapping simple hostname in /etc/hosts' do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1   newhostname oldhostname.nope localhost.localdomain localhost
         ::1     localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
       RESULT
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ shared_examples 'swapping qualified hostname in /etc/hosts' do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1   newhostname.newdomain.tld newhostname localhost.localdomain localhost
         ::1     localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
       RESULT
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ shared_examples 'swapping qualified hostname in /etc/hosts' do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1   newhostname.newdomain.tld newhostname oldhostname.nope localhost.localdomain localhost
         ::1     localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
       RESULT
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ shared_examples 'swapping qualified hostname in /etc/hosts' do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1   newhostname localhost.localdomain localhost
         ::1     localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
       RESULT
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ shared_examples 'swapping qualified hostname in /etc/hosts' do
 
       modified_etc_hosts = original_etc_hosts.gsub(search, replace)
 
-      modified_etc_hosts.should == <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
+      expect(modified_etc_hosts).to eq <<-RESULT.gsub(/^ */, '')
         127.0.0.1   newhostname oldhostname.nope localhost.localdomain localhost
         ::1     localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
       RESULT
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/ubuntu/cap/change_host_name_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/ubuntu/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
index 2cc631e3d..15473ea3c 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/ubuntu/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/ubuntu/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::GuestUbuntu::Cap::ChangeHostName" do
   let(:old_hostname) {'oldhostname.olddomain.tld' }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
     communicator.stub_command('hostname -f', stdout: old_hostname)
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/config_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/config_test.rb
index 0aac992ab..5177dca59 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/config_test.rb
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
-require_relative "../../../base"
-
-require Vagrant.source_root.join("plugins/providers/hyperv/config")
-
-describe VagrantPlugins::HyperV::Config do
-  describe "#ip_address_timeout" do
-    it "can be set" do
-      subject.ip_address_timeout = 180
-      subject.finalize!
-      expect(subject.ip_address_timeout).to eq(180)
-    end
-
-    it "defaults to a number" do
-      subject.finalize!
-      expect(subject.ip_address_timeout).to eq(120)
-    end
-  end
-end
+require_relative "../../../base"
+
+require Vagrant.source_root.join("plugins/providers/hyperv/config")
+
+describe VagrantPlugins::HyperV::Config do
+  describe "#ip_address_timeout" do
+    it "can be set" do
+      subject.ip_address_timeout = 180
+      subject.finalize!
+      expect(subject.ip_address_timeout).to eq(180)
+    end
+
+    it "defaults to a number" do
+      subject.finalize!
+      expect(subject.ip_address_timeout).to eq(120)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/provider_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/provider_test.rb
index b0f1aeb16..1adeb04c3 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/provider_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/provider_test.rb
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::HyperV::Provider do
 
     it "calls an action to determine the ID" do
       machine.stub(id: "foo")
-      machine.should_receive(:action).with(:read_state).
+      expect(machine).to receive(:action).with(:read_state).
         and_return({ machine_state_id: :bar })
 
       expect(subject.state.id).to eq(:bar)
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_settings_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_settings_test.rb
index 8ce3c603b..6353ea095 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_settings_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_settings_test.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::PrepareNFSSettings do
     action = described_class.new(app, env)
     action.call(env)
 
-    called.should == true
+    expect(called).to eq(true)
   end
 
   context "with an nfs synced folder" do
@@ -50,22 +50,22 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::PrepareNFSSettings do
       driver.stub(read_host_only_interfaces: [
         {name: "vmnet2", ip: "1.2.3.4"},
       ])
-      driver.stub(:read_guest_ip).with(1).and_return("2.3.4.5")
+      allow(driver).to receive(:read_guest_ip).with(1).and_return("2.3.4.5")
 
       # override sleep to 0 so test does not take seconds
       retry_options = subject.retry_options
-      subject.stub(:retry_options).and_return(retry_options.merge(sleep: 0))
+      allow(subject).to receive(:retry_options).and_return(retry_options.merge(sleep: 0))
     end
 
     it "sets nfs_host_ip and nfs_machine_ip properly" do
       subject.call(env)
 
-      env[:nfs_host_ip].should    == "1.2.3.4"
-      env[:nfs_machine_ip].should == "2.3.4.5"
+      expect(env[:nfs_host_ip]).to    eq("1.2.3.4")
+      expect(env[:nfs_machine_ip]).to eq("2.3.4.5")
     end
 
     it "raises an error when no host only adapter is configured" do
-      driver.stub(:read_network_interfaces) {{}}
+      allow(driver).to receive(:read_network_interfaces) {{}}
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::NFSNoHostonlyNetwork)
@@ -76,16 +76,16 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::PrepareNFSSettings do
         lambda { raise Vagrant::Errors::VirtualBoxGuestPropertyNotFound, :guest_property => 'stub' },
         lambda { "2.3.4.5" }
       ]
-      driver.stub(:read_guest_ip) { raise_then_return.shift.call }
+      allow(driver).to receive(:read_guest_ip) { raise_then_return.shift.call }
 
       subject.call(env)
 
-      env[:nfs_host_ip].should    == "1.2.3.4"
-      env[:nfs_machine_ip].should == "2.3.4.5"
+      expect(env[:nfs_host_ip]).to    eq("1.2.3.4")
+      expect(env[:nfs_machine_ip]).to eq("2.3.4.5")
     end
 
     it "raises an error informing the user of a bug when the guest IP cannot be found" do
-      driver.stub(:read_guest_ip) {
+      allow(driver).to receive(:read_guest_ip) {
         raise Vagrant::Errors::VirtualBoxGuestPropertyNotFound, :guest_property => 'stub'
       }
 
@@ -96,14 +96,14 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::PrepareNFSSettings do
     it "allows statically configured guest IPs to work for NFS, even when guest property would fail" do
       env[:machine].config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "11.12.13.14"
 
-      driver.stub(:read_guest_ip) {
+      allow(driver).to receive(:read_guest_ip) {
         raise Vagrant::Errors::VirtualBoxGuestPropertyNotFound, :guest_property => "stub"
       }
 
       subject.call(env)
 
-      env[:nfs_host_ip].should    == "1.2.3.4"
-      env[:nfs_machine_ip].should == ["11.12.13.14"]
+      expect(env[:nfs_host_ip]).to    eq("1.2.3.4")
+      expect(env[:nfs_machine_ip]).to eq(["11.12.13.14"])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_valid_ids_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_valid_ids_test.rb
index 23a2328a6..d6ed4cf9d 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_valid_ids_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_valid_ids_test.rb
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::PrepareNFSValidIds do
     action = described_class.new(app, env)
     action.call(env)
 
-    called.should == true
+    expect(called).to eq(true)
   end
 
   it "sets nfs_valid_ids" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/cap_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/cap_test.rb
index 5513f18a1..baa7f610f 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/cap_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/cap_test.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Cap do
 
   describe "#forwarded_ports" do
     it "returns all the forwarded ports" do
-      driver.should_receive(:read_forwarded_ports).and_return([
+      expect(driver).to receive(:read_forwarded_ports).and_return([
         [nil, nil, 123, 456],
         [nil, nil, 245, 245],
       ])
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/config_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/config_test.rb
index 0429df31c..c17790c53 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/config_test.rb
@@ -1,27 +1,29 @@
-require_relative "../../../base"
-
-require Vagrant.source_root.join("plugins/providers/virtualbox/config")
-
-describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Config do
-  context "defaults" do
-    before { subject.finalize! }
-
-    its(:check_guest_additions) { should be_true }
-    its(:gui) { should be_false }
-    its(:name) { should be_nil }
-
-    it "should have one NAT adapter" do
-      expect(subject.network_adapters).to eql({
-        1 => [:nat, {}],
-      })
-    end
-  end
-
-  describe "#network_adapter" do
-    it "configures additional adapters" do
-      subject.network_adapter(2, :bridged, auto_config: true)
-      expect(subject.network_adapters[2]).to eql(
-        [:bridged, auto_config: true])
-    end
-  end
-end
+require_relative "../../../base"
+
+require Vagrant.source_root.join("plugins/providers/virtualbox/config")
+
+describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Config do
+  context "defaults" do
+    subject { VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Config.new }
+
+    before { subject.finalize! }
+
+    it { expect(subject.check_guest_additions).to be_true }
+    it { expect(subject.gui).to be_false }
+    it { expect(subject.name).to be_nil }
+
+    it "should have one NAT adapter" do
+      expect(subject.network_adapters).to eql({
+        1 => [:nat, {}],
+      })
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#network_adapter" do
+    it "configures additional adapters" do
+      subject.network_adapter(2, :bridged, auto_config: true)
+      expect(subject.network_adapters[2]).to eql(
+        [:bridged, auto_config: true])
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/support/shared/virtualbox_driver_version_4_x_examples.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/support/shared/virtualbox_driver_version_4_x_examples.rb
index 761e1bef7..cb84e2325 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/support/shared/virtualbox_driver_version_4_x_examples.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/support/shared/virtualbox_driver_version_4_x_examples.rb
@@ -7,17 +7,17 @@ shared_examples "a version 4.x virtualbox driver" do |options|
     it "reads the guest property of the machine referenced by the UUID" do
       key  = "/Foo/Bar"
 
-      subprocess.should_receive(:execute).
+      expect(subprocess).to receive(:execute).
         with("VBoxManage", "guestproperty", "get", uuid, key, an_instance_of(Hash)).
         and_return(subprocess_result(stdout: "Value: Baz\n"))
 
-      subject.read_guest_property(key).should == "Baz"
+      expect(subject.read_guest_property(key)).to eq("Baz")
     end
 
     it "raises a virtualBoxGuestPropertyNotFound exception when the value is not set" do
       key  = "/Not/There"
 
-      subprocess.should_receive(:execute).
+      expect(subprocess).to receive(:execute).
         with("VBoxManage", "guestproperty", "get", uuid, key, an_instance_of(Hash)).
         and_return(subprocess_result(stdout: "No value set!"))
 
@@ -30,13 +30,13 @@ shared_examples "a version 4.x virtualbox driver" do |options|
     it "reads the guest property for the provided adapter number" do
       key = "/VirtualBox/GuestInfo/Net/1/V4/IP"
 
-      subprocess.should_receive(:execute).
+      expect(subprocess).to receive(:execute).
         with("VBoxManage", "guestproperty", "get", uuid, key, an_instance_of(Hash)).
         and_return(subprocess_result(stdout: "Value: 127.1.2.3"))
 
       value = subject.read_guest_ip(1)
 
-      value.should == "127.1.2.3"
+      expect(value).to eq("127.1.2.3")
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/synced_folder_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/synced_folder_test.rb
index 592de0955..93cec0a18 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/synced_folder_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/synced_folder_test.rb
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::SyncedFolder do
   describe "usable" do
     it "should be with virtualbox provider" do
       machine.stub(provider_name: :virtualbox)
-      subject.should be_usable(machine)
+      expect(subject).to be_usable(machine)
     end
 
     it "should not be with another provider" do
       machine.stub(provider_name: :vmware_fusion)
-      subject.should_not be_usable(machine)
+      expect(subject).not_to be_usable(machine)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/base_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/base_test.rb
index 7f2861b13..6274ed317 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/base_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/base_test.rb
@@ -15,18 +15,18 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Chef::Provisioner::Base do
     let(:root_path) { "/my/root" }
 
     before do
-      machine.stub(:env).and_return(env)
-      env.stub(:root_path).and_return(root_path)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:env).and_return(env)
+      allow(env).to receive(:root_path).and_return(root_path)
     end
 
     it "returns absolute path as is" do
-      config.should_receive(:encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path).
+      expect(config).to receive(:encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path).
         and_return("/foo/bar")
       expect(subject.encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path).to eq "/foo/bar"
     end
 
     it "returns relative path joined to root_path" do
-      config.should_receive(:encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path).
+      expect(config).to receive(:encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path).
         and_return("secret")
       expect(subject.encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path).to eq "/my/root/secret"
     end
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Chef::Provisioner::Base do
 
   describe "#guest_encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path" do
     it "returns nil if host path is not configured" do
-      config.stub(:encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path).and_return(nil)
-      config.stub(:provisioning_path).and_return("/tmp/foo")
+      allow(config).to receive(:encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path).and_return(nil)
+      allow(config).to receive(:provisioning_path).and_return("/tmp/foo")
       expect(subject.guest_encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path).to be_nil
     end
 
     it "returns path under config.provisioning_path" do
-      config.stub(:encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path).and_return("secret")
-      config.stub(:provisioning_path).and_return("/tmp/foo")
+      allow(config).to receive(:encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path).and_return("secret")
+      allow(config).to receive(:provisioning_path).and_return("/tmp/foo")
       expect(File.dirname(subject.guest_encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path)).
         to eq "/tmp/foo"
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/shell/config_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/shell/config_test.rb
index 8b05f452b..9827e66e8 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/shell/config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/shell/config_test.rb
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::Shell::Config" do
 
       result = subject.validate(machine)
 
-      result["shell provisioner"].should == []
+      expect(result["shell provisioner"]).to eq([])
     end
 
     it "passes with string args" do
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::Shell::Config" do
 
       result = subject.validate(machine)
 
-      result["shell provisioner"].should == []
+      expect(result["shell provisioner"]).to eq([])
     end
 
     it "passes with fixnum args" do
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::Shell::Config" do
 
       result = subject.validate(machine)
 
-      result["shell provisioner"].should == []
+      expect(result["shell provisioner"]).to eq([])
     end
 
     it "passes with array args" do
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::Shell::Config" do
 
       result = subject.validate(machine)
 
-      result["shell provisioner"].should == []
+      expect(result["shell provisioner"]).to eq([])
     end
 
     it "returns an error if args is neither a string nor an array" do
@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::Shell::Config" do
 
       result = subject.validate(machine)
 
-      result["shell provisioner"].should == [
+      expect(result["shell provisioner"]).to eq([
         I18n.t("vagrant.provisioners.shell.args_bad_type")
-      ]
+      ])
     end
 
     it "handles scalar array args" do
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::Shell::Config" do
 
       result = subject.validate(machine)
 
-      result["shell provisioner"].should == []
+      expect(result["shell provisioner"]).to eq([])
     end
 
     it "returns an error if args is an array with non-scalar types" do
@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::Shell::Config" do
 
       result = subject.validate(machine)
 
-      result["shell provisioner"].should == [
+      expect(result["shell provisioner"]).to eq([
         I18n.t("vagrant.provisioners.shell.args_bad_type")
-      ]
+      ])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/action_cleanup_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/action_cleanup_test.rb
index 3fc329238..fb2ea5c2a 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/action_cleanup_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/action_cleanup_test.rb
@@ -27,14 +27,14 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderNFS::ActionCleanup do
   end
 
   it "does nothing if there are no valid IDs" do
-    app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
     subject.call(env)
   end
 
   it "does nothing if the host doesn't support pruning NFS" do
-    host.stub(:capability?).with(:nfs_prune).and_return(false)
-    host.should_receive(:capability).never
-    app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+    allow(host).to receive(:capability?).with(:nfs_prune).and_return(false)
+    expect(host).to receive(:capability).never
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
     subject.call(env)
   end
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderNFS::ActionCleanup do
   it "prunes the NFS entries if valid IDs are given" do
     env[:nfs_valid_ids] = [1,2,3]
 
-    host.stub(:capability?).with(:nfs_prune).and_return(true)
-    host.should_receive(:capability).with(:nfs_prune, machine.ui, [1,2,3]).ordered
-    app.should_receive(:call).with(env).ordered
+    allow(host).to receive(:capability?).with(:nfs_prune).and_return(true)
+    expect(host).to receive(:capability).with(:nfs_prune, machine.ui, [1,2,3]).ordered
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).ordered
 
     subject.call(env)
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_auto_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_auto_test.rb
index 7da7cc9a8..bb8982b9f 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_auto_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_auto_test.rb
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::Command::RsyncAuto do
       ]
 
       paths["/foo"].each do |data|
-        helper_class.should_receive(:rsync_single).
+        expect(helper_class).to receive(:rsync_single).
           with(data[:machine], data[:machine].ssh_info, data[:opts]).
           once
       end
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::Command::RsyncAuto do
       ]
 
       paths["/foo"].each do |data|
-        helper_class.should_receive(:rsync_single).
+        expect(helper_class).to receive(:rsync_single).
           with(data[:machine], data[:machine].ssh_info, data[:opts]).
           once
       end
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::Command::RsyncAuto do
       ]
 
       paths["/foo"].each do |data|
-        helper_class.should_receive(:rsync_single).
+        expect(helper_class).to receive(:rsync_single).
           with(data[:machine], data[:machine].ssh_info, data[:opts]).
           once
       end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_test.rb
index 7f0cc50e8..4be389d9f 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_test.rb
@@ -53,14 +53,14 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::Command::Rsync do
       it "doesn't sync if communicator isn't ready and exits with 1" do
         communicator.stub(ready?: false)
 
-        helper_class.should_receive(:rsync_single).never
+        expect(helper_class).to receive(:rsync_single).never
 
         expect(subject.execute).to eql(1)
       end
 
       it "rsyncs each folder and exits successfully" do
         synced_folders[:rsync].each do |_, opts|
-          helper_class.should_receive(:rsync_single).
+          expect(helper_class).to receive(:rsync_single).
             with(machine, ssh_info, opts).
             ordered
         end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/helper_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/helper_test.rb
index 7b2d7561e..4b92687ab 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/helper_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/helper_test.rb
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
     machine.stub(guest: guest)
 
     # Don't do all the crazy Cygwin stuff
-    Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(:cygwin_path) do |path, **opts|
+    allow(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:cygwin_path) do |path, **opts|
       path
     end
   end
@@ -75,17 +75,17 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
 
     it "doesn't call cygwin_path on non-Windows" do
       Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(windows?: false)
-      Vagrant::Util::Platform.should_not_receive(:cygwin_path)
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Platform).not_to receive(:cygwin_path)
       subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
     end
 
     it "calls cygwin_path on Windows" do
       Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(windows?: true)
-      Vagrant::Util::Platform.should_receive(:cygwin_path).and_return("foo")
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:cygwin_path).and_return("foo")
 
-      Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).with do |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
         expect(args[args.length - 3]).to eql("foo/")
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
     end
@@ -103,11 +103,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
         opts[:hostpath] = "/foo"
         opts[:guestpath] = "/bar"
 
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).with do |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
           expected = Vagrant::Util::Platform.fs_real_path("/foo").to_s
           expect(args[args.length - 3]).to eql("#{expected}/")
           expect(args[args.length - 2]).to include("/bar")
-        end
+        }
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
@@ -118,38 +118,38 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
 
         hostpath_expanded = File.expand_path(opts[:hostpath], machine.env.root_path)
 
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).with do |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
           expect(args[args.length - 3]).to eql("#{hostpath_expanded}/")
           expect(args[args.length - 2]).to include("/bar")
-        end
+        }
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
     end
 
     it "executes within the root path" do
-      Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).with do |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
         expect(args.last).to be_kind_of(Hash)
 
         opts = args.last
         expect(opts[:workdir]).to eql(machine.env.root_path.to_s)
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
     end
 
     it "executes the rsync_pre capability first if it exists" do
-      guest.should_receive(:capability?).with(:rsync_pre).and_return(true)
-      guest.should_receive(:capability).with(:rsync_pre, opts).ordered
-      Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).ordered.and_return(result)
+      expect(guest).to receive(:capability?).with(:rsync_pre).and_return(true)
+      expect(guest).to receive(:capability).with(:rsync_pre, opts).ordered
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).ordered.and_return(result)
 
       subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
     end
 
     it "executes the rsync_post capability after if it exists" do
-      guest.should_receive(:capability?).with(:rsync_post).and_return(true)
-      Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).ordered.and_return(result)
-      guest.should_receive(:capability).with(:rsync_post, opts).ordered
+      expect(guest).to receive(:capability?).with(:rsync_post).and_return(true)
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).ordered.and_return(result)
+      expect(guest).to receive(:capability).with(:rsync_post, opts).ordered
 
       subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
     end
@@ -158,11 +158,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
       it "excludes files if given as a string" do
         opts[:exclude] = "foo"
 
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).with do |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
           index = args.find_index("foo")
           expect(index).to be > 0
           expect(args[index-1]).to eql("--exclude")
-        end
+        }
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
       it "excludes multiple files" do
         opts[:exclude] = ["foo", "bar"]
 
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).with do |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
           index = args.find_index("foo")
           expect(index).to be > 0
           expect(args[index-1]).to eql("--exclude")
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
           index = args.find_index("bar")
           expect(index).to be > 0
           expect(args[index-1]).to eql("--exclude")
-        end
+        }
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
@@ -186,14 +186,14 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
 
     context "custom arguments" do
       it "uses the default arguments if not given" do
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).with do |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
           expect(args[1]).to eq("--verbose")
           expect(args[2]).to eq("--archive")
           expect(args[3]).to eq("--delete")
 
           expected = Vagrant::Util::Platform.fs_real_path("/foo").to_s
           expect(args[args.length - 3]).to eql("#{expected}/")
-        end
+        }
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
@@ -201,13 +201,13 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
       it "uses the custom arguments if given" do
         opts[:args] = ["--verbose", "-z"]
 
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).with do |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
           expect(args[1]).to eq("--verbose")
           expect(args[2]).to eq("-z")
 
           expected = Vagrant::Util::Platform.fs_real_path("/foo").to_s
           expect(args[args.length - 3]).to eql("#{expected}/")
-        end
+        }
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/synced_folder_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/synced_folder_test.rb
index 2dae9cb82..07d2d4b53 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/synced_folder_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/synced_folder_test.rb
@@ -25,17 +25,17 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::SyncedFolder do
 
   describe "#usable?" do
     it "is usable if rsync can be found" do
-      Vagrant::Util::Which.should_receive(:which).with("rsync").and_return(true)
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Which).to receive(:which).with("rsync").and_return(true)
       expect(subject.usable?(machine)).to be_true
     end
 
     it "is not usable if rsync cant be found" do
-      Vagrant::Util::Which.should_receive(:which).with("rsync").and_return(false)
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Which).to receive(:which).with("rsync").and_return(false)
       expect(subject.usable?(machine)).to be_false
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if asked to" do
-      Vagrant::Util::Which.should_receive(:which).with("rsync").and_return(false)
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Which).to receive(:which).with("rsync").and_return(false)
       expect { subject.usable?(machine, true) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::RSyncNotFound)
     end
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::SyncedFolder do
 
     before do
       machine.stub(ssh_info: ssh_info)
-      guest.stub(:capability?).with(:rsync_installed)
+      allow(guest).to receive(:capability?).with(:rsync_installed)
     end
 
     it "rsyncs each folder" do
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::SyncedFolder do
       ]
 
       folders.each do |_, opts|
-        helper_class.should_receive(:rsync_single).
+        expect(helper_class).to receive(:rsync_single).
           with(machine, ssh_info, opts).
           ordered
       end
@@ -69,10 +69,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::SyncedFolder do
     it "installs rsync if capable" do
       folders = [ [:foo, {}] ]
 
-      helper_class.stub(:rsync_single)
+      allow(helper_class).to receive(:rsync_single)
 
-      guest.stub(:capability?).with(:rsync_installed).and_return(true)
-      guest.stub(:capability?).with(:rsync_install).and_return(true)
+      allow(guest).to receive(:capability?).with(:rsync_installed).and_return(true)
+      allow(guest).to receive(:capability?).with(:rsync_install).and_return(true)
 
       expect(guest).to receive(:capability).with(:rsync_installed).and_return(false)
       expect(guest).to receive(:capability).with(:rsync_install)
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::SyncedFolder do
     it "errors if rsync not installable" do
       folders = [ [:foo, {}] ]
 
-      helper_class.stub(:rsync_single)
+      allow(helper_class).to receive(:rsync_single)
 
-      guest.stub(:capability?).with(:rsync_installed).and_return(true)
-      guest.stub(:capability?).with(:rsync_install).and_return(false)
+      allow(guest).to receive(:capability?).with(:rsync_installed).and_return(true)
+      allow(guest).to receive(:capability?).with(:rsync_install).and_return(false)
 
       expect(guest).to receive(:capability).with(:rsync_installed).and_return(false)
 
diff --git a/test/unit/support/shared/virtualbox_context.rb b/test/unit/support/shared/virtualbox_context.rb
index 13f3d16bc..1909ccdc9 100644
--- a/test/unit/support/shared/virtualbox_context.rb
+++ b/test/unit/support/shared/virtualbox_context.rb
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ shared_context "virtualbox" do
 
     # drivers will blow up on instantiation if they cannot determine the
     # virtualbox version, so wire this stub in automatically
-    subprocess.stub(:execute).
+    allow(subprocess).to receive(:execute).
       with("VBoxManage", "--version", an_instance_of(Hash)).
       and_return(subprocess_result(stdout: vbox_version))
 
     # drivers also call vm_exists? during init;
-    subprocess.stub(:execute).
+    allow(subprocess).to receive(:execute).
       with("VBoxManage", "showvminfo", kind_of(String), kind_of(Hash)).
       and_return(subprocess_result(exit_code: 0))
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builder_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builder_test.rb
index 50d80eb37..dfc20654a 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builder_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builder_test.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
   context "copying" do
     it "should copy the stack" do
       copy = subject.dup
-      copy.stack.object_id.should_not == subject.stack.object_id
+      expect(copy.stack.object_id).not_to eq(subject.stack.object_id)
     end
   end
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject = described_class.build(proc)
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == true
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq(true)
     end
   end
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.use proc
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == true
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq(true)
     end
 
     it "should be able to add multiple items" do
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.use proc2
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:one].should == true
-      data[:two].should == true
+      expect(data[:one]).to eq(true)
+      expect(data[:two]).to eq(true)
     end
 
     it "should be able to add another builder" do
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
 
       # Call the 2nd and verify results
       two.call(data)
-      data[:one].should == true
+      expect(data[:one]).to eq(true)
     end
   end
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.insert(0, appender_proc(2))
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == [2, 1]
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq([2, 1])
     end
 
     it "can insert by name" do
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.insert_before :bar, appender_proc(3)
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == [1, 3, 2]
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq([1, 3, 2])
     end
 
     it "can insert next to a previous object" do
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.insert(proc2, appender_proc(3))
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == [1, 3, 2]
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq([1, 3, 2])
     end
 
     it "can insert before" do
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.insert_before 0, appender_proc(2)
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == [2, 1]
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq([2, 1])
     end
 
     it "can insert after" do
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.insert_after 0, appender_proc(2)
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == [1, 2, 3]
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq([1, 2, 3])
     end
 
     it "merges middleware stacks of other builders" do
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.insert(proc2, builder)
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == [1, "A1", "B1", 2, "B2", "A2"]
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq([1, "A1", "B1", 2, "B2", "A2"])
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if an invalid object given for insert" do
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.replace proc1, proc2
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == [2]
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq([2])
     end
 
     it "can replace by index" do
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.replace 0, proc2
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == [2]
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq([2])
     end
   end
 
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.delete proc1
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == [2]
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq([2])
     end
 
     it "can delete by index" do
@@ -210,14 +210,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.delete 0
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == [2]
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq([2])
     end
   end
 
   describe "action hooks" do
     it "applies them properly" do
       hook = double("hook")
-      hook.stub(:apply) do |builder|
+      allow(hook).to receive(:apply) do |builder|
         builder.use appender_proc(2)
       end
 
@@ -226,13 +226,13 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builder do
       subject.use appender_proc(1)
       subject.call(data)
 
-      data[:data].should == [1, 2]
-      data[:action_hooks_already_ran].should == true
+      expect(data[:data]).to eq([1, 2])
+      expect(data[:action_hooks_already_ran]).to eq(true)
     end
 
     it "applies without prepend/append if it has already" do
       hook = double("hook")
-      hook.should_receive(:apply).with(anything, { :no_prepend_or_append => true }).once
+      expect(hook).to receive(:apply).with(anything, { :no_prepend_or_append => true }).once
 
       data[:action_hooks] = [hook]
       data[:action_hooks_already_ran] = true
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_add_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_add_test.rb
index 584a9c95e..e59682fae 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_add_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_add_test.rb
@@ -66,15 +66,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       env[:box_name] = "foo"
       env[:box_url] = box_path.to_s
 
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo")
         expect(version).to eq("0")
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to be_nil
         true
-      end.and_return(box)
+      }.and_return(box)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
     end
@@ -88,15 +88,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
         box_path.to_s,
       ]
 
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo")
         expect(version).to eq("0")
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to be_nil
         true
-      end.and_return(box)
+      }.and_return(box)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
     end
@@ -107,15 +107,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
         env[:box_name] = "foo"
         env[:box_url] = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}/#{box_path.basename}"
 
-        box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
           expect(name).to eq("foo")
           expect(version).to eq("0")
           expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to be_nil
           true
-        end.and_return(box)
+        }.and_return(box)
 
-        app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+        expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
         subject.call(env)
       end
@@ -126,8 +126,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
 
       env[:box_url] = box_path.to_s
 
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxAddNameRequired)
@@ -140,10 +140,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       env[:box_url] = box_path.to_s
       env[:box_provider] = "virtualbox"
 
-      box_collection.should_receive(:find).with(
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:find).with(
         "foo", ["virtualbox"], "0").and_return(box)
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxAlreadyExists)
@@ -157,8 +157,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       env[:box_checksum] = checksum(box_path) + "A"
       env[:box_checksum_type] = "sha1"
 
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxChecksumMismatch)
@@ -170,8 +170,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       env[:box_name] = "foo"
       env[:box_url] = box_path.to_s + "nope"
 
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::DownloaderError)
@@ -186,14 +186,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       env[:box_provider] = "virtualbox"
 
       box_collection.stub(find: box)
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo")
         expect(version).to eq("0")
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to be_nil
         true
-      end.and_return(box)
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      }.and_return(box)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
       subject.call(env)
     end
@@ -229,15 +229,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       with_web_server(md_path) do |port|
         env[:box_url] = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}/#{md_path.basename}"
 
-        box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
           expect(version).to eq("0.7")
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
           expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq(env[:box_url])
           true
-        end.and_return(box)
+        }.and_return(box)
 
-        app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+        expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
         subject.call(env)
       end
@@ -274,16 +274,16 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
         url = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}"
         env[:box_url] = "mitchellh/precise64.json"
 
-        box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(name).to eq("mitchellh/precise64")
           expect(version).to eq("0.7")
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
           expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq(
             "#{url}/#{env[:box_url]}")
           true
-        end.and_return(box)
+        }.and_return(box)
 
-        app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+        expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
         with_temp_env("VAGRANT_SERVER_URL" => url) do
           subject.call(env)
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
         env[:box_url] = "foo"
 
         env[:hook] = double("hook")
-        env[:hook].stub(:call) do |name, opts|
+        allow(env[:hook]).to receive(:call) do |name, opts|
           expect(name).to eq(:authenticate_box_url)
           if opts[:box_urls] == ["foo"]
             next { box_urls: [real_url] }
@@ -335,15 +335,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
           end
         end
 
-        box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
           expect(version).to eq("0.7")
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
           expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq(env[:box_url])
           true
-        end.and_return(box)
+        }.and_return(box)
 
-        app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+        expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
         subject.call(env)
       end
@@ -380,15 +380,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       with_web_server(md_path) do |port|
         env[:box_url] = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}/#{md_path.basename}"
 
-        box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
           expect(version).to eq("0.7")
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
           expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq(env[:box_url])
           true
-        end.and_return(box)
+        }.and_return(box)
 
-        app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+        expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
         subject.call(env)
       end
@@ -425,8 +425,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       with_web_server(md_path) do |port|
         env[:box_url] = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}/#{md_path.basename}"
 
-        box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-        app.should_receive(:call).never
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+        expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
         expect { subject.call(env) }.
           to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxChecksumMismatch)
@@ -439,8 +439,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
 
       env[:box_url] = "mitchellh/precise64.json"
 
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       Vagrant.stub(server_url: nil)
 
@@ -455,8 +455,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       with_web_server(Pathname.new(tf.path)) do |port|
         env[:box_url] = "mitchellh/precise64.json"
 
-        box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-        app.should_receive(:call).never
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+        expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
         url = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}"
         with_temp_env("VAGRANT_SERVER_URL" => url) do
@@ -495,8 +495,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
         "/foo/bar/baz",
         tf.path,
       ]
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxAddMetadataMultiURL)
@@ -528,15 +528,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       end
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq("file://#{tf.path}")
         true
-      end.and_return(box)
+      }.and_return(box)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
     end
@@ -572,15 +572,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_provider] = "vmware"
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq("file://#{tf.path}")
         true
-      end.and_return(box)
+      }.and_return(box)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
 
@@ -621,15 +621,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_provider] = "vmware"
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq("file://#{tf.path}")
         true
-      end.and_return(box)
+      }.and_return(box)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
 
@@ -661,15 +661,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_version] = "~> 0.1"
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.5")
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq("file://#{tf.path}")
         true
-      end.and_return(box)
+      }.and_return(box)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
 
@@ -706,15 +706,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_provider] = "vmware"
       env[:box_version] = "~> 0.1"
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.5")
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq("file://#{tf.path}")
         true
-      end.and_return(box)
+      }.and_return(box)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
 
@@ -754,15 +754,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_provider] = ["virtualbox", "vmware"]
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq("file://#{tf.path}")
         true
-      end.and_return(box)
+      }.and_return(box)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
 
@@ -800,17 +800,17 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
 
-      env[:ui].should_receive(:ask).and_return("1")
+      expect(env[:ui]).to receive(:ask).and_return("1")
 
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq("file://#{tf.path}")
         true
-      end.and_return(box)
+      }.and_return(box)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
     end
@@ -843,8 +843,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       env[:box_name] = "foo"
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
 
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxAddNameMismatch)
@@ -875,8 +875,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_version] = "~> 2.0"
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxAddNoMatchingVersion)
@@ -908,8 +908,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_provider] = "vmware"
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxAddNoMatchingProvider)
@@ -941,10 +941,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       end
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
-      box_collection.should_receive(:find).
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:find).
         with("foo/bar", "virtualbox", "0.7").and_return(box)
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).never
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxAlreadyExists)
@@ -978,16 +978,16 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd do
       env[:box_force] = true
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       box_collection.stub(find: box)
-      box_collection.should_receive(:add).with do |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
         expect(opts[:force]).to be_true
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq("file://#{tf.path}")
         true
-      end.and_return(box)
+      }.and_return(box)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_check_outdated_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_check_outdated_test.rb
index 32dcdac0e..0bb133549 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_check_outdated_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_check_outdated_test.rb
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
     it "doesn't check" do
       machine.config.vm.box_check_update = false
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
       subject.call(env)
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
       machine.config.vm.box_check_update = false
       env[:box_outdated_force] = true
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
       subject.call(env)
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
     it "raises an exception if the machine doesn't have a box yet" do
       machine.stub(box: nil)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxOutdatedNoBox)
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
       box.stub(metadata_url: nil)
       box.stub(version: "0")
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).once
-      box.should_receive(:has_update?).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).once
+      expect(box).to receive(:has_update?).never
 
       subject.call(env)
     end
@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
 
   context "with a box" do
     it "sets env if no update" do
-      box.should_receive(:has_update?).and_return(nil)
+      expect(box).to receive(:has_update?).and_return(nil)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
       subject.call(env)
 
@@ -116,10 +116,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
       }
       RAW
 
-      box.should_receive(:has_update?).with(machine.config.vm.box_version).
+      expect(box).to receive(:has_update?).with(machine.config.vm.box_version).
         and_return([md, md.version("1.1"), md.version("1.1").provider("virtualbox")])
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
       subject.call(env)
 
@@ -127,9 +127,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
     end
 
     it "raises error if has_update? errors" do
-      box.should_receive(:has_update?).and_raise(Vagrant::Errors::VagrantError)
+      expect(box).to receive(:has_update?).and_raise(Vagrant::Errors::VagrantError)
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).never
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::VagrantError)
     end
@@ -137,8 +137,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
     it "doesn't raise an error if ignore errors is on" do
       env[:box_outdated_ignore_errors] = true
 
-      box.should_receive(:has_update?).and_raise(Vagrant::Errors::VagrantError)
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+      expect(box).to receive(:has_update?).and_raise(Vagrant::Errors::VagrantError)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.to_not raise_error
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_remove_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_remove_test.rb
index 19a15b3f3..016a11749 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_remove_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_remove_test.rb
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
 
     env[:box_name] = "foo"
 
-    box_collection.should_receive(:find).with(
+    expect(box_collection).to receive(:find).with(
       "foo", :virtualbox, "1.0").and_return(box)
-    box.should_receive(:destroy!).once
-    app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+    expect(box).to receive(:destroy!).once
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
     subject.call(env)
 
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
     env[:box_name] = "foo"
     env[:box_provider] = "virtualbox"
 
-    box_collection.should_receive(:find).with(
+    expect(box_collection).to receive(:find).with(
       "foo", :virtualbox, "1.0").and_return(box)
-    box.should_receive(:destroy!).once
-    app.should_receive(:call).with(env).once
+    expect(box).to receive(:destroy!).once
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
     subject.call(env)
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
   it "errors if the box doesn't exist" do
     box_collection.stub(all: [])
 
-    app.should_receive(:call).never
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
     expect { subject.call(env) }.
       to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxRemoveNotFound)
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
 
     box_collection.stub(all: [["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox]])
 
-    app.should_receive(:call).never
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
     expect { subject.call(env) }.
       to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxRemoveProviderNotFound)
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
         ["foo", "1.0", :vmware],
       ])
 
-    app.should_receive(:call).never
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
     expect { subject.call(env) }.
       to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxRemoveMultiProvider)
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
         ["foo", "1.1", :virtualbox],
       ])
 
-    app.should_receive(:call).never
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
     expect { subject.call(env) }.
       to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxRemoveMultiVersion)
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/call_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/call_test.rb
index bb3c9fc02..e4e937b57 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/call_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/call_test.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Call do
       received = env[:result]
     end.call({})
 
-    received.should == "value"
+    expect(received).to eq("value")
   end
 
   it "should update the original env with any changes" do
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Call do
       builder.use next_step
     end.call(env)
 
-    env[:inner].should == true
+    expect(env[:inner]).to eq(true)
   end
 
   it "should call the callable with the original environment" do
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Call do
       # Nothing.
     end.call({ :foo => :bar })
 
-    received.should == :bar
+    expect(received).to eq(:bar)
    end
 
   it "should call the next builder" do
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Call do
       builder.use next_step
     end.call({})
 
-    received.should == "value"
+    expect(received).to eq("value")
   end
 
   it "should call the next builder with the original environment" do
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Call do
       builder.use next_step
     end.call({ :foo => :bar })
 
-    received.should == :bar
+    expect(received).to eq(:bar)
   end
 
   it "should instantiate the callable with the extra args" do
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Call do
     end
     instance.call(env)
 
-    result.should == :foo
+    expect(result).to eq(:foo)
   end
 
   it "should call the recover method for the sequence in an error" do
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Call do
     instance.call(env)
     instance.recover(env)
 
-    env[:steps].should == [:call_A, :call_B, :recover_B, :recover_A]
+    expect(env[:steps]).to eq([:call_A, :call_B, :recover_B, :recover_A])
   end
 
   it "should recover even if it failed in the callable" do
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/confirm_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/confirm_test.rb
index 9cd201042..33122b17d 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/confirm_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/confirm_test.rb
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Confirm do
 
   ["y", "Y"].each do |valid|
     it "should set the result to true if '#{valid}' is given" do
-      env[:ui].should_receive(:ask).with(message).and_return(valid)
+      expect(env[:ui]).to receive(:ask).with(message).and_return(valid)
       described_class.new(app, env, message).call(env)
-      env[:result].should be
+      expect(env[:result]).to be
     end
   end
 
@@ -17,26 +17,26 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Confirm do
     force_key = :tubes
     env[force_key] = true
     described_class.new(app, env, message, force_key).call(env)
-    env[:result].should be
+    expect(env[:result]).to be
   end
 
   it "should ask if force is not true" do
     force_key = :tubes
     env[force_key] = false
-    env[:ui].should_receive(:ask).with(message).and_return("nope")
+    expect(env[:ui]).to receive(:ask).with(message).and_return("nope")
     described_class.new(app, env, message).call(env)
-    env[:result].should_not be
+    expect(env[:result]).not_to be
   end
 
   it "should set result to false if anything else is given" do
-    env[:ui].should_receive(:ask).with(message).and_return("nope")
+    expect(env[:ui]).to receive(:ask).with(message).and_return("nope")
     described_class.new(app, env, message).call(env)
-    env[:result].should_not be
+    expect(env[:result]).not_to be
   end
 
   it "should ask multiple times if an allowed set is given and response isn't in that set" do
     times = 0
-    env[:ui].stub(:ask) do |arg|
+    allow(env[:ui]).to receive(:ask) do |arg|
       expect(arg).to eql(message)
       times += 1
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/env_set_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/env_set_test.rb
index 0a551ec2b..50dd4fc6d 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/env_set_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/env_set_test.rb
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::EnvSet do
   it "should set the new environment" do
     described_class.new(app, env, :foo => :bar).call(env)
 
-    env[:foo].should == :bar
+    expect(env[:foo]).to eq(:bar)
   end
 
   it "should call the next middleware" do
     callable = lambda { |env| env[:called] = env[:foo] }
 
-    env[:called].should be_nil
+    expect(env[:called]).to be_nil
     described_class.new(callable, env, :foo => :yep).call(env)
-    env[:called].should == :yep
+    expect(env[:called]).to eq(:yep)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/graceful_halt_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/graceful_halt_test.rb
index 05dd0473b..93d3fc887 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/graceful_halt_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/graceful_halt_test.rb
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::GracefulHalt do
   let(:env) { { :machine => machine, :ui => ui } }
   let(:machine) do
     result = double("machine")
-    result.stub(:config).and_return(machine_config)
-    result.stub(:guest).and_return(machine_guest)
-    result.stub(:state).and_return(machine_state)
+    allow(result).to receive(:config).and_return(machine_config)
+    allow(result).to receive(:guest).and_return(machine_guest)
+    allow(result).to receive(:state).and_return(machine_state)
     result
   end
   let(:machine_config) do
@@ -20,41 +20,41 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::GracefulHalt do
   let(:machine_guest) { double("machine_guest") }
   let(:machine_state) do
     double("machine_state").tap do |result|
-      result.stub(:id).and_return(:unknown)
+      allow(result).to receive(:id).and_return(:unknown)
     end
   end
   let(:target_state) { :target }
   let(:ui) do
     double("ui").tap do |result|
-      result.stub(:output)
+      allow(result).to receive(:output)
     end
   end
 
   it "should do nothing if force is specified" do
     env[:force_halt] = true
 
-    machine_guest.should_not_receive(:capability)
+    expect(machine_guest).not_to receive(:capability)
 
     described_class.new(app, env, target_state).call(env)
 
-    env[:result].should == false
+    expect(env[:result]).to eq(false)
   end
 
   it "should do nothing if there is an invalid source state" do
-    machine_state.stub(:id).and_return(:invalid_source)
-    machine_guest.should_not_receive(:capability)
+    allow(machine_state).to receive(:id).and_return(:invalid_source)
+    expect(machine_guest).not_to receive(:capability)
 
     described_class.new(app, env, target_state, :target_source).call(env)
 
-    env[:result].should == false
+    expect(env[:result]).to eq(false)
   end
 
   it "should gracefully halt and wait for the target state" do
-    machine_guest.should_receive(:capability).with(:halt).once
-    machine_state.stub(:id).and_return(target_state)
+    expect(machine_guest).to receive(:capability).with(:halt).once
+    allow(machine_state).to receive(:id).and_return(target_state)
 
     described_class.new(app, env, target_state).call(env)
 
-    env[:result].should == true
+    expect(env[:result]).to eq(true)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_box_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_box_test.rb
index 5ddbf7b7f..6b7d85818 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_box_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_box_test.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleBox do
     machine.config.vm.box = nil
     machine.config.vm.box_url = nil
 
-    app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
     subject.call(env)
   end
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleBox do
   it "doesn't do anything if a box exists" do
     machine.stub(box: box)
 
-    action_runner.should_receive(:run).never
-    app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+    expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).never
+    expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
     subject.call(env)
   end
@@ -54,15 +54,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleBox do
     end
 
     it "adds a box that doesn't exist" do
-      action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |action, opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box)
         expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box)
         expect(opts[:box_provider]).to eq(:dummy)
         expect(opts[:box_version]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box_version)
         true
-      end
+      }
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
     end
@@ -70,15 +70,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleBox do
     it "adds a box using any format the provider allows" do
       machine.provider_options[:box_format] = [:foo, :bar]
 
-      action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |action, opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box)
         expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box)
         expect(opts[:box_provider]).to eq([:foo, :bar])
         expect(opts[:box_version]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box_version)
         true
-      end
+      }
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
     end
@@ -93,15 +93,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleBox do
     end
 
     it "adds a box that doesn't exist" do
-      action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |action, opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box)
         expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box_url)
         expect(opts[:box_provider]).to eq(:dummy)
         expect(opts[:box_version]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box_version)
         true
-      end
+      }
 
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_state_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_state_test.rb
index 68040fb63..3e0133365 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_state_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_state_test.rb
@@ -1,51 +1,51 @@
-require "pathname"
-require "tmpdir"
-
-require File.expand_path("../../../../base", __FILE__)
-
-describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::IsState do
-  let(:app) { lambda { |env| } }
-  let(:env) { { :machine => machine } }
-  let(:machine) do
-    double("machine").tap do |machine|
-      machine.stub(:state).and_return(state)
-    end
-  end
-
-  let(:state) { double("state") }
-
-  describe "#call" do
-    it "sets result to false if is proper state" do
-      state.stub(id: :foo)
-
-      subject = described_class.new(app, env, :bar)
-
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
-
-      subject.call(env)
-      expect(env[:result]).to be_false
-    end
-
-    it "sets result to true if is proper state" do
-      state.stub(id: :foo)
-
-      subject = described_class.new(app, env, :foo)
-
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
-
-      subject.call(env)
-      expect(env[:result]).to be_true
-    end
-
-    it "inverts the result if specified" do
-      state.stub(id: :foo)
-
-      subject = described_class.new(app, env, :foo, invert: true)
-
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
-
-      subject.call(env)
-      expect(env[:result]).to be_false
-    end
-  end
-end
+require "pathname"
+require "tmpdir"
+
+require File.expand_path("../../../../base", __FILE__)
+
+describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::IsState do
+  let(:app) { lambda { |env| } }
+  let(:env) { { :machine => machine } }
+  let(:machine) do
+    double("machine").tap do |machine|
+      allow(machine).to receive(:state).and_return(state)
+    end
+  end
+
+  let(:state) { double("state") }
+
+  describe "#call" do
+    it "sets result to false if is proper state" do
+      state.stub(id: :foo)
+
+      subject = described_class.new(app, env, :bar)
+
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
+
+      subject.call(env)
+      expect(env[:result]).to be_false
+    end
+
+    it "sets result to true if is proper state" do
+      state.stub(id: :foo)
+
+      subject = described_class.new(app, env, :foo)
+
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
+
+      subject.call(env)
+      expect(env[:result]).to be_true
+    end
+
+    it "inverts the result if specified" do
+      state.stub(id: :foo)
+
+      subject = described_class.new(app, env, :foo, invert: true)
+
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
+
+      subject.call(env)
+      expect(env[:result]).to be_false
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/lock_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/lock_test.rb
index 35f0b9720..03c425772 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/lock_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/lock_test.rb
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Lock do
     instance = described_class.new(app, env, options)
     instance.call(env)
 
-    inner_acquire.should == false
+    expect(inner_acquire).to eq(false)
   end
 
   it "should allow the exception to be a proc" do
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Lock do
 
     File.open(lock_path, "w+") do |f|
       # Acquire lock
-      f.flock(File::LOCK_EX | File::LOCK_NB).should == 0
+      expect(f.flock(File::LOCK_EX | File::LOCK_NB)).to eq(0)
 
       # Test!
       instance = described_class.new(app, env, options)
@@ -71,13 +71,13 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Lock do
     instance = described_class.new(app, env, options)
     instance.call(env)
 
-    inner_acquire.should == false
+    expect(inner_acquire).to eq(false)
   end
 
   it "should raise an exception if the lock is already held" do
     File.open(lock_path, "w+") do |f|
       # Acquire lock
-      f.flock(File::LOCK_EX | File::LOCK_NB).should == 0
+      expect(f.flock(File::LOCK_EX | File::LOCK_NB)).to eq(0)
 
       # Test!
       instance = described_class.new(app, env, options)
@@ -93,6 +93,6 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Lock do
     outer = described_class.new(inner, env, options)
     outer.call(env)
 
-    called.should == true
+    expect(called).to eq(true)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/message_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/message_test.rb
index a1ef4d344..bdb400646 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/message_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/message_test.rb
@@ -1,22 +1,22 @@
-require "pathname"
-require "tmpdir"
-
-require File.expand_path("../../../../base", __FILE__)
-
-describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Message do
-  let(:app) { lambda { |env| } }
-  let(:env) { { :ui => ui } }
-
-  let(:ui)  { double("ui") }
-
-  describe "#call" do
-    it "outputs the given message" do
-      subject = described_class.new(app, env, "foo")
-
-      ui.should_receive(:output).with("foo")
-      app.should_receive(:call).with(env)
-
-      subject.call(env)
-    end
-  end
-end
+require "pathname"
+require "tmpdir"
+
+require File.expand_path("../../../../base", __FILE__)
+
+describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Message do
+  let(:app) { lambda { |env| } }
+  let(:env) { { :ui => ui } }
+
+  let(:ui)  { double("ui") }
+
+  describe "#call" do
+    it "outputs the given message" do
+      subject = described_class.new(app, env, "foo")
+
+      expect(ui).to receive(:output).with("foo")
+      expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
+
+      subject.call(env)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/mixin_synced_folders_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/mixin_synced_folders_test.rb
index 224fa5e30..6c37356fb 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/mixin_synced_folders_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/mixin_synced_folders_test.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::MixinSyncedFolders do
 
   let(:machine) do
     double("machine").tap do |machine|
-      machine.stub(:config).and_return(machine_config)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:config).and_return(machine_config)
     end
   end
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::MixinSyncedFolders do
       }
 
       result = subject.default_synced_folder_type(machine, plugins)
-      result.should == "good"
+      expect(result).to eq("good")
     end
   end
 
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::MixinSyncedFolders do
       }
 
       result = subject.impl_opts("foo", env)
-      result.length.should == 2
-      result[:foo_bar].should == "baz"
-      result[:foo_baz].should == "bar"
+      expect(result.length).to eq(2)
+      expect(result[:foo_bar]).to eq("baz")
+      expect(result[:foo_baz]).to eq("bar")
     end
   end
 
@@ -79,13 +79,13 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::MixinSyncedFolders do
       folders["nfs"] = { type: "nfs" }
 
       result = subject.synced_folders(machine)
-      result.length.should == 2
-      result[:default].should == {
+      expect(result.length).to eq(2)
+      expect(result[:default]).to eq({
         "another" => folders["another"],
         "foo" => folders["foo"],
         "root" => folders["root"],
-      }
-      result[:nfs].should == { "nfs" => folders["nfs"] }
+      })
+      expect(result[:nfs]).to eq({ "nfs" => folders["nfs"] })
     end
 
     it "should error if an explicit type is unusable" do
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::MixinSyncedFolders do
       folders["foo"] = { disabled: true }
 
       result = subject.synced_folders(machine)
-      result.length.should == 1
-      result[:default].length.should == 1
+      expect(result.length).to eq(1)
+      expect(result[:default].length).to eq(1)
     end
 
     it "should scope hash override the settings" do
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/ssh_exec_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/ssh_exec_test.rb
index 34d8a9d72..d2ba286c6 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/ssh_exec_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/ssh_exec_test.rb
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SSHExec do
   let(:env) { { :machine => machine } }
   let(:machine) do
     result = double("machine")
-    result.stub(:ssh_info).and_return(machine_ssh_info)
+    allow(result).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return(machine_ssh_info)
     result
   end
   let(:machine_ssh_info) { {} }
@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SSHExec do
   before(:each) do
     # Stub the methods so that even if we test incorrectly, no side
     # effects actually happen.
-    ssh_klass.stub(:check_key_permissions)
-    ssh_klass.stub(:exec)
+    allow(ssh_klass).to receive(:check_key_permissions)
+    allow(ssh_klass).to receive(:exec)
   end
 
   it "should raise an exception if SSH is not ready" do
     not_ready_machine = double("machine")
-    not_ready_machine.stub(:ssh_info).and_return(nil)
+    allow(not_ready_machine).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return(nil)
 
     env[:machine] = not_ready_machine
     expect { described_class.new(app, env).call(env) }.
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SSHExec do
     key_path = "/foo"
     machine_ssh_info[:private_key_path] = [key_path]
 
-    ssh_klass.should_receive(:check_key_permissions).
+    expect(ssh_klass).to receive(:check_key_permissions).
       with(Pathname.new(key_path)).
       once.
       ordered
 
-    ssh_klass.should_receive(:exec).
+    expect(ssh_klass).to receive(:exec).
       with(machine_ssh_info, nil).
       once.
       ordered
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SSHExec do
   it "should exec with the options given in `ssh_opts`" do
     ssh_opts = { :foo => :bar }
 
-    ssh_klass.should_receive(:exec).
+    expect(ssh_klass).to receive(:exec).
       with(machine_ssh_info, ssh_opts)
 
     env[:ssh_opts] = ssh_opts
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folder_cleanup_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folder_cleanup_test.rb
index 310311967..c1ed71f5e 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folder_cleanup_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folder_cleanup_test.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolderCleanup do
   let(:env) { { :machine => machine, :ui => ui } }
   let(:machine) do
     double("machine").tap do |machine|
-      machine.stub(:config).and_return(machine_config)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:config).and_return(machine_config)
     end
   end
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolderCleanup do
 
   let(:ui) do
     double("ui").tap do |result|
-      result.stub(:info)
+      allow(result).to receive(:info)
     end
   end
 
@@ -127,9 +127,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolderCleanup do
 
       subject.call(env)
 
-      trackers[0].clean.should be_true
-      trackers[1].clean.should be_true
-      trackers[2].clean.should be_true
+      expect(trackers[0].clean).to be_true
+      expect(trackers[1].clean).to be_true
+      expect(trackers[2].clean).to be_true
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folders_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folders_test.rb
index cf5bb0434..b4dc362c6 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folders_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folders_test.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolders do
   let(:env) { { :machine => machine, :ui => ui } }
   let(:machine) do
     double("machine").tap do |machine|
-      machine.stub(:config).and_return(machine_config)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:config).and_return(machine_config)
     end
   end
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolders do
 
   let(:ui) do
     double("ui").tap do |result|
-      result.stub(:info)
+      allow(result).to receive(:info)
     end
   end
 
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolders do
 
       subject.call(env)
 
-      env[:root_path].join("foo").should_not be_directory
-      env[:root_path].join("bar").should be_directory
+      expect(env[:root_path].join("foo")).not_to be_directory
+      expect(env[:root_path].join("bar")).to be_directory
     end
 
     it "should invoke prepare then enable" do
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolders do
 
       subject.call(env)
 
-      order.should == [:prepare, :enable]
+      expect(order).to eq([:prepare, :enable])
       expect(ids.length).to eq(2)
       expect(ids[0]).to eq(ids[1])
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/hook_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/hook_test.rb
index 27b9efe54..9c6054b09 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/hook_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/hook_test.rb
@@ -5,10 +5,25 @@ require "vagrant/action/hook"
 
 describe Vagrant::Action::Hook do
   describe "defaults" do
-    its("after_hooks")   { should be_empty }
-    its("before_hooks")  { should be_empty }
-    its("append_hooks")  { should be_empty }
-    its("prepend_hooks") { should be_empty }
+    describe '#after_hooks' do
+      subject { super().after_hooks }
+      it   { should be_empty }
+    end
+
+    describe '#before_hooks' do
+      subject { super().before_hooks }
+      it  { should be_empty }
+    end
+
+    describe '#append_hooks' do
+      subject { super().append_hooks }
+      it  { should be_empty }
+    end
+
+    describe '#prepend_hooks' do
+      subject { super().prepend_hooks }
+      it { should be_empty }
+    end
   end
 
   describe "before hooks" do
@@ -21,11 +36,11 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Hook do
       subject.before(existing, 2)
       subject.before(existing, 3, :arg, &block)
 
-      subject.before_hooks[existing].should == [
+      expect(subject.before_hooks[existing]).to eq([
         [1, [], nil],
         [2, [], nil],
         [3, [:arg], block]
-      ]
+      ])
     end
   end
 
@@ -39,11 +54,11 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Hook do
       subject.after(existing, 2)
       subject.after(existing, 3, :arg, &block)
 
-      subject.after_hooks[existing].should == [
+      expect(subject.after_hooks[existing]).to eq([
         [1, [], nil],
         [2, [], nil],
         [3, [:arg], block]
-      ]
+      ])
     end
   end
 
@@ -55,11 +70,11 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Hook do
       subject.append(2)
       subject.append(3, :arg, &block)
 
-      subject.append_hooks.should == [
+      expect(subject.append_hooks).to eq([
         [1, [], nil],
         [2, [], nil],
         [3, [:arg], block]
-      ]
+      ])
     end
   end
 
@@ -71,11 +86,11 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Hook do
       subject.prepend(2)
       subject.prepend(3, :arg, &block)
 
-      subject.prepend_hooks.should == [
+      expect(subject.prepend_hooks).to eq([
         [1, [], nil],
         [2, [], nil],
         [3, [:arg], block]
-      ]
+      ])
     end
   end
 
@@ -90,12 +105,12 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Hook do
 
       subject.apply(builder)
 
-      builder.stack.should == [
+      expect(builder.stack).to eq([
         ["1", [2], nil],
         ["2", [], nil],
         ["8", [], nil],
         ["9", [], nil]
-      ]
+      ])
     end
 
     it "should not prepend or append if disabled" do
@@ -109,12 +124,12 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Hook do
 
       subject.apply(builder, no_prepend_or_append: true)
 
-      builder.stack.should == [
+      expect(builder.stack).to eq([
         ["3", [], nil],
         ["4", [], nil],
         ["7", [], nil],
         ["8", [], nil]
-      ]
+      ])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/runner_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/runner_test.rb
index 87c83aabe..bddd4a6ff 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/runner_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/runner_test.rb
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Runner do
     end
 
     result = instance.run(callable)
-    result[:data].should == "value"
+    expect(result[:data]).to eq("value")
   end
 
   it "should pass options into hash given to callable" do
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Runner do
     end
 
     instance.run(callable, "data" => "foo")
-    result.should == "foo"
+    expect(result).to eq("foo")
   end
 
   it "should pass global options into the hash" do
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Runner do
 
     instance = described_class.new("data" => "bar")
     instance.run(callable)
-    result.should == "bar"
+    expect(result).to eq("bar")
   end
 
   it "should yield the block passed to the init method to get lazy loaded globals" do
@@ -76,6 +76,6 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Runner do
 
     instance = described_class.new { { "data" => "bar" } }
     instance.run(callable)
-    result.should == "bar"
+    expect(result).to eq("bar")
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/warden_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/warden_test.rb
index 40d03b13e..b726da3cc 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/warden_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/warden_test.rb
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Warden do
     instance = described_class.new([appender_proc(1), appender_proc(2)], data)
     instance.call(data)
 
-    data[:data].should == [1, 2]
+    expect(data[:data]).to eq([1, 2])
   end
 
   it "starts a recovery sequence when an exception is raised" do
@@ -56,10 +56,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Warden do
       to raise_error(RuntimeError)
 
     # Verify the recovery process goes in reverse order
-    data[:recover].should == [2, 1]
+    expect(data[:recover]).to eq([2, 1])
 
     # Verify that the error is available in the data
-    data["vagrant.error"].should be_kind_of(RuntimeError)
+    expect(data["vagrant.error"]).to be_kind_of(RuntimeError)
   end
 
   it "does not do a recovery sequence if SystemExit is raised" do
@@ -87,6 +87,6 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Warden do
     expect { instance.call(data) }.to raise_error(SystemExit)
 
     # The recover should not have been called
-    data.has_key?(:recover).should_not be
+    expect(data.has_key?(:recover)).not_to be
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/batch_action_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/batch_action_test.rb
index 0bc940d26..18e8a149c 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/batch_action_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/batch_action_test.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ describe Vagrant::BatchAction do
     double("machine").tap do |m|
       m.stub(:provider_name => provider_name)
       m.stub(:provider_options => options)
-      m.stub(:action) do |action, opts|
+      allow(m).to receive(:action) do |action, opts|
         lock.synchronize do
           called_actions << [m, action, opts]
         end
@@ -30,14 +30,14 @@ describe Vagrant::BatchAction do
       subject.action(machine2, "destroy")
       subject.run
 
-      called_actions.include?([machine, "up", nil]).should be
-      called_actions.include?([machine2, "destroy", nil]).should be
+      expect(called_actions.include?([machine, "up", nil])).to be
+      expect(called_actions.include?([machine2, "destroy", nil])).to be
     end
 
     it "should handle forks gracefully", :skip_windows do
       # Doesn't need to be tested on Windows since Windows doesn't
       # support fork(1)
-      machine.stub(:action) do |action, opts|
+      allow(machine).to receive(:action) do |action, opts|
         pid = fork
         if !pid
           # Child process
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/box_collection_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/box_collection_test.rb
index 78324e232..ffb475725 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/box_collection_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/box_collection_test.rb
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ describe Vagrant::BoxCollection do
   subject { described_class.new(environment.boxes_dir) }
 
   it "should tell us the directory it is using" do
-    subject.directory.should == environment.boxes_dir
+    expect(subject.directory).to eq(environment.boxes_dir)
   end
 
   describe "#all" do
     it "should return an empty array when no boxes are there" do
-      subject.all.should == []
+      expect(subject.all).to eq([])
     end
 
     it "should return the boxes and their providers" do
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ describe Vagrant::BoxCollection do
 
       # Verify some output
       results = subject.all
-      results.length.should == 4
-      results.include?(["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox]).should be
-      results.include?(["foo", "1.0", :vmware]).should be
-      results.include?(["bar", "0", :ec2]).should be
-      results.include?(["foo/bar", "1.0", :virtualbox]).should be
+      expect(results.length).to eq(4)
+      expect(results.include?(["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox])).to be
+      expect(results.include?(["foo", "1.0", :vmware])).to be
+      expect(results.include?(["bar", "0", :ec2])).to be
+      expect(results.include?(["foo/bar", "1.0", :virtualbox])).to be
     end
 
     it 'does not raise an exception when a file appears in the boxes dir' do
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ describe Vagrant::BoxCollection do
       environment.box3("foo", "0", :virtualbox,
         metadata_url: "foourl")
 
-      hook.should_receive(:call).with do |name, env|
+      expect(hook).to receive(:call).with { |name, env|
         expect(name).to eq(:authenticate_box_url)
         expect(env[:box_urls]).to eq(["foourl"])
         true
-      end.and_return(box_urls: ["bar"])
+      }.and_return(box_urls: ["bar"])
 
       # Actual test
       result = subject.find("foo", :virtualbox, ">= 0")
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ describe Vagrant::BoxCollection do
       # Attempt to add the box with the same name
       box_path = environment.box2_file(prev_box_provider, metadata: { "replaced" => "yes" })
       box = subject.add(box_path, prev_box_name, prev_box_version, force: true)
-      box.metadata["replaced"].should == "yes"
+      expect(box.metadata["replaced"]).to eq("yes")
     end
 
     it "should raise an exception if the box already exists and no provider is given" do
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/box_metadata_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/box_metadata_test.rb
index 488effb91..0acb0ad48 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/box_metadata_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/box_metadata_test.rb
@@ -38,8 +38,15 @@ describe Vagrant::BoxMetadata do
 
   subject { described_class.new(raw) }
 
-  its(:name) { should eq("foo") }
-  its(:description) { should eq("bar") }
+  describe '#name' do
+    subject { super().name }
+    it { should eq("foo") }
+  end
+
+  describe '#description' do
+    subject { super().description }
+    it { should eq("bar") }
+  end
 
   context "with poorly formatted JSON" do
     let(:raw) {
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/box_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/box_test.rb
index 797115651..baa3e09cf 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/box_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/box_test.rb
@@ -19,18 +19,21 @@ describe Vagrant::Box do
   let(:directory)     { environment.box3("foo", "1.0", :virtualbox) }
   subject             { described_class.new(name, provider, version, directory) }
 
-  its(:metadata_url) { should be_nil }
+  describe '#metadata_url' do
+    subject { super().metadata_url }
+    it { should be_nil }
+  end
 
   it "provides the name" do
-    subject.name.should == name
+    expect(subject.name).to eq(name)
   end
 
   it "provides the provider" do
-    subject.provider.should == provider
+    expect(subject.provider).to eq(provider)
   end
 
   it "provides the directory" do
-    subject.directory.should == directory
+    expect(subject.directory).to eq(directory)
   end
 
   it "provides the metadata associated with a box" do
@@ -42,7 +45,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Box do
     end
 
     # Verify the metadata
-    subject.metadata.should == data
+    expect(subject.metadata).to eq(data)
   end
 
   context "with a metadata URL" do
@@ -52,7 +55,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Box do
         metadata_url: "foo")
     end
 
-    its(:metadata_url) { should eq("foo") }
+    describe '#metadata_url' do
+      subject { super().metadata_url }
+      it { should eq("foo") }
+    end
   end
 
   context "with a corrupt metadata file" do
@@ -218,13 +224,13 @@ describe Vagrant::Box do
   describe "destroying" do
     it "should destroy an existing box" do
       # Verify that our "box" exists
-      directory.exist?.should be
+      expect(directory.exist?).to be
 
       # Destroy it
-      subject.destroy!.should be
+      expect(subject.destroy!).to be
 
       # Verify that it is "destroyed"
-      directory.exist?.should_not be
+      expect(directory.exist?).not_to be
     end
 
     it "should not error destroying a non-existent box" do
@@ -235,7 +241,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Box do
       directory.rmtree
 
       # Destroy it
-      box.destroy!.should be
+      expect(box.destroy!).to be
     end
   end
 
@@ -256,7 +262,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Box do
       # Let's now add this box again under a different name, and then
       # verify that we get the proper result back.
       new_box = box_collection.add(box_output_path, "foo2", "1.0")
-      new_box.directory.join("test_file").read.should == test_file_contents
+      expect(new_box.directory.join("test_file").read).to eq(test_file_contents)
     end
   end
 
@@ -265,7 +271,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Box do
       a = described_class.new("a", :foo, "1.0", directory)
       b = described_class.new("a", :foo, "1.0", directory)
 
-      a.should == b
+      expect(a).to eq(b)
     end
 
     it "should not be equal if name doesn't match" do
@@ -295,7 +301,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Box do
       c = described_class.new("a", :foo2, "1.1", directory)
       d = described_class.new("b", :foo2, "1.0", directory)
 
-      [d, c, a, b].sort.should == [a, b, c, d]
+      expect([d, c, a, b].sort).to eq([a, b, c, d])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/cli_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/cli_test.rb
index 0aa669c06..4848f14c9 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/cli_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/cli_test.rb
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ describe Vagrant::CLI do
   describe "#execute" do
     it "invokes help and exits with 1 if invalid command" do
       subject = described_class.new(["i-dont-exist"], env)
-      subject.should_receive(:help).once
+      expect(subject).to receive(:help).once
       expect(subject.execute).to eql(1)
     end
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ describe Vagrant::CLI do
       commands[:destroy] = [command_lambda("destroy", 42), {}]
 
       subject = described_class.new(["destroy"], env)
-      subject.should_not_receive(:help)
+      expect(subject).not_to receive(:help)
       expect(subject.execute).to eql(42)
     end
 
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ describe Vagrant::CLI do
       commands[:bar] = [command_lambda("bar", 0), { primary: true }]
       commands[:baz] = [command_lambda("baz", 0), { primary: false }]
 
-      env.ui.should_receive(:info).with do |message, opts|
+      expect(env.ui).to receive(:info).with { |message, opts|
         expect(message).to include("foo")
         expect(message).to include("bar")
         expect(message.include?("baz")).to be_false
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.help
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/config/loader_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/config/loader_test.rb
index 309d5247b..cd7a9e975 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/config/loader_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/config/loader_test.rb
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::Loader do
       instance.set(:proc, [[current_version, proc]])
       config, warnings, errors = instance.load([:proc])
 
-      config[:foo].should == "yep"
-      warnings.should == []
-      errors.should == []
+      expect(config[:foo]).to eq("yep")
+      expect(warnings).to eq([])
+      expect(errors).to eq([])
     end
   end
 
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::Loader do
       # Run the actual configuration and assert that we get the proper result
       instance.set(:proc, [[current_version, proc]])
       config, _ = instance.load([:proc])
-      config[:foo].should == "yep"
-      config[:finalized].should == true
+      expect(config[:foo]).to eq("yep")
+      expect(config[:finalized]).to eq(true)
     end
   end
 
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::Loader do
       proc = lambda { |config| config[:foo] = "yep" }
       instance.set(:proc, [["1", proc]])
       config, _ = instance.load([:proc])
-      config[:foo].should == "yep"
-      config[:v2].should == true
+      expect(config[:foo]).to eq("yep")
+      expect(config[:v2]).to eq(true)
     end
 
     it "should keep track of warnings and errors" do
@@ -117,10 +117,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::Loader do
       proc = lambda { |config| config[:foo] = "yep" }
       instance.set(:proc, [["1", proc]])
       config, warnings, errors = instance.load([:proc])
-      config[:foo].should == "yep"
-      config[:v2].should == true
-      warnings.should == ["foo!"]
-      errors.should == ["bar!"]
+      expect(config[:foo]).to eq("yep")
+      expect(config[:v2]).to eq(true)
+      expect(warnings).to eq(["foo!"])
+      expect(errors).to eq(["bar!"])
     end
   end
 
@@ -138,10 +138,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::Loader do
         result, _ = instance.load([:proc])
 
         # Verify the config result
-        result[:foo].should == "yep"
+        expect(result[:foo]).to eq("yep")
 
         # Verify the count is only one
-        count.should == 1
+        expect(count).to eq(1)
       end
     end
 
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::Loader do
       5.times { instance.set(:file, file) }
       5.times { instance.load([:file]) }
 
-      $_config_data.should == 1
+      expect($_config_data).to eq(1)
     end
 
     it "should not clear the cache if setting to the same value multiple times" do
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::Loader do
       instance.set(:proc, file)
       5.times { instance.load([:proc]) }
 
-      $_config_data.should == 1
+      expect($_config_data).to eq(1)
     end
 
     it "should raise proper error if there is a syntax error in a Vagrantfile" do
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/dummy_config_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/dummy_config_test.rb
index 22a99a97b..46a3f7608 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/dummy_config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/dummy_config_test.rb
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V1::DummyConfig do
   end
 
   it "should allow method calls that return more DummyConfigs" do
-    subject.foo.should be_kind_of(described_class)
+    expect(subject.foo).to be_kind_of(described_class)
   end
 
   it "should allow hash access" do
     expect { subject[:foo] }.
       to_not raise_error
 
-    subject[:foo].should be_kind_of(described_class)
+    expect(subject[:foo]).to be_kind_of(described_class)
   end
 
   it "should allow setting hash values" do
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/loader_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/loader_test.rb
index 02a5dd5ff..deca8cf3c 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/loader_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/loader_test.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V1::Loader do
   describe "empty" do
     it "returns an empty configuration object" do
       result = described_class.init
-      result.should be_kind_of(Vagrant::Config::V1::Root)
+      expect(result).to be_kind_of(Vagrant::Config::V1::Root)
     end
 
     it "returns an object with all configuration keys loaded if V1" do
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V1::Loader do
 
       # Test that we have all keys
       result = described_class.init
-      result.foo.should be_kind_of(OpenStruct)
-      result.bar.should be_kind_of(OpenStruct)
+      expect(result.foo).to be_kind_of(OpenStruct)
+      expect(result.bar).to be_kind_of(OpenStruct)
     end
 
     it "returns only upgradable config objects if not V1" do
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V1::Loader do
 
       # Test that we have all keys
       result = described_class.init
-      result.bar.should be_kind_of(OpenStruct)
+      expect(result.bar).to be_kind_of(OpenStruct)
     end
   end
 
@@ -70,11 +70,11 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V1::Loader do
 
       # Test that it works properly
       config = described_class.load(config_proc)
-      config.foo.bar.should == "value"
+      expect(config.foo.bar).to eq("value")
 
       # Finalize it
       described_class.finalize(config)
-      config.foo.bar.should == "finalized"
+      expect(config.foo.bar).to eq("finalized")
     end
   end
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V1::Loader do
 
       # Test that it works properly
       config = described_class.load(config_proc)
-      config.foo.bar.should == "value"
+      expect(config.foo.bar).to eq("value")
     end
   end
 
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V1::Loader do
       old = Vagrant::Config::V1::Root.new({ :foo => Object })
       new = Vagrant::Config::V1::Root.new({ :bar => Object })
       result = described_class.merge(old, new)
-      result.foo.should be_kind_of(Object)
-      result.bar.should be_kind_of(Object)
+      expect(result.foo).to be_kind_of(Object)
+      expect(result.bar).to be_kind_of(Object)
     end
 
     it "should merge instantiated objects" do
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V1::Loader do
       new.bar.value = "new"
 
       result = described_class.merge(old, new)
-      result.foo.value.should == "old"
-      result.bar.value.should == "new"
+      expect(result.foo.value).to eq("old")
+      expect(result.bar.value).to eq("new")
     end
 
     it "should merge conflicting classes by calling `merge`" do
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V1::Loader do
       new.foo.value = 15
 
       result = described_class.merge(old, new)
-      result.foo.value.should == 25
+      expect(result.foo.value).to eq(25)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/root_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/root_test.rb
index 7c8e4061f..695d64250 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/root_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v1/root_test.rb
@@ -9,23 +9,23 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V1::Root do
 
     instance  = described_class.new(map)
     foo       = instance.foo
-    foo.should be_kind_of(foo_class)
-    instance.foo.should eql(foo)
+    expect(foo).to be_kind_of(foo_class)
+    expect(instance.foo).to eql(foo)
   end
 
   it "can be created with initial state" do
     instance = described_class.new({}, { :foo => "bar" })
-    instance.foo.should == "bar"
+    expect(instance.foo).to eq("bar")
   end
 
   it "should return internal state" do
     map      = { "foo" => Object, "bar" => Object }
     instance = described_class.new(map)
-    instance.__internal_state.should == {
+    expect(instance.__internal_state).to eq({
       "config_map" => map,
       "keys"       => {},
       "missing_key_calls" => Set.new
-    }
+    })
   end
 
   it "should record missing key calls" do
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V1::Root do
     instance.foo.bar = false
 
     keys = instance.__internal_state["missing_key_calls"]
-    keys.should be_kind_of(Set)
-    keys.length.should == 1
-    keys.include?("foo").should be
+    expect(keys).to be_kind_of(Set)
+    expect(keys.length).to eq(1)
+    expect(keys.include?("foo")).to be
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/dummy_config_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/dummy_config_test.rb
index 6d55f0ab0..00c8dd13d 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/dummy_config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/dummy_config_test.rb
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::DummyConfig do
   end
 
   it "should allow method calls that return more DummyConfigs" do
-    subject.foo.should be_kind_of(described_class)
+    expect(subject.foo).to be_kind_of(described_class)
   end
 
   it "should allow hash access" do
     expect { subject[:foo] }.
       to_not raise_error
 
-    subject[:foo].should be_kind_of(described_class)
+    expect(subject[:foo]).to be_kind_of(described_class)
   end
 
   it "should allow setting hash values" do
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/loader_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/loader_test.rb
index 564e69940..b2e020179 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/loader_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/loader_test.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Loader do
   describe "empty" do
     it "returns an empty configuration object" do
       result = described_class.init
-      result.should be_kind_of(Vagrant::Config::V2::Root)
+      expect(result).to be_kind_of(Vagrant::Config::V2::Root)
     end
   end
 
@@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Loader do
 
       # Test that it works properly
       config = described_class.load(config_proc)
-      config.foo.bar.should == "value"
+      expect(config.foo.bar).to eq("value")
 
       # Finalize it
       described_class.finalize(config)
-      config.foo.bar.should == "finalized"
+      expect(config.foo.bar).to eq("finalized")
     end
   end
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Loader do
 
       # Test that it works properly
       config = described_class.load(config_proc)
-      config.foo.bar.should == "value"
+      expect(config.foo.bar).to eq("value")
     end
   end
 
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Loader do
       old = Vagrant::Config::V2::Root.new({ :foo => Object })
       new = Vagrant::Config::V2::Root.new({ :bar => Object })
       result = described_class.merge(old, new)
-      result.foo.should be_kind_of(Object)
-      result.bar.should be_kind_of(Object)
+      expect(result.foo).to be_kind_of(Object)
+      expect(result.bar).to be_kind_of(Object)
     end
 
     it "should merge instantiated objects" do
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Loader do
       new.bar.value = "new"
 
       result = described_class.merge(old, new)
-      result.foo.value.should == "old"
-      result.bar.value.should == "new"
+      expect(result.foo.value).to eq("old")
+      expect(result.bar.value).to eq("new")
     end
 
     it "should merge conflicting classes by calling `merge`" do
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Loader do
       new.foo.value = 15
 
       result = described_class.merge(old, new)
-      result.foo.value.should == 25
+      expect(result.foo.value).to eq(25)
     end
   end
 
@@ -143,9 +143,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Loader do
       old.foo.value = 5
 
       data = described_class.upgrade(old)
-      data[0].foo.value.should == 10
-      data[1].should == ["foo"]
-      data[2].should == ["bar"]
+      expect(data[0].foo.value).to eq(10)
+      expect(data[1]).to eq(["foo"])
+      expect(data[2]).to eq(["bar"])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/root_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/root_test.rb
index fdd8c3d41..eaf67b038 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/root_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/root_test.rb
@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Root do
 
     instance  = described_class.new(map)
     foo       = instance.foo
-    foo.should be_kind_of(foo_class)
-    instance.foo.should eql(foo)
+    expect(foo).to be_kind_of(foo_class)
+    expect(instance.foo).to eql(foo)
   end
 
   it "record a missing key call if invalid key used" do
     instance = described_class.new({})
     expect { instance.foo }.to_not raise_error
-    instance.__internal_state["missing_key_calls"].include?("foo").should be
+    expect(instance.__internal_state["missing_key_calls"].include?("foo")).to be
   end
 
   it "returns a dummy config for a missing key" do
@@ -28,17 +28,17 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Root do
 
   it "can be created with initial state" do
     instance = described_class.new({}, { :foo => "bar" })
-    instance.foo.should == "bar"
+    expect(instance.foo).to eq("bar")
   end
 
   it "should return internal state" do
     map      = { "foo" => Object, "bar" => Object }
     instance = described_class.new(map)
-    instance.__internal_state.should == {
+    expect(instance.__internal_state).to eq({
       "config_map"        => map,
       "keys"              => {},
       "missing_key_calls" => Set.new
-    }
+    })
   end
 
   describe "#finalize!" do
@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Root do
       instance = described_class.new(map)
       instance.finalize!
 
-      instance.foo.foo.should == "SET"
+      expect(instance.foo.foo).to eq("SET")
     end
 
     it "should call #_finalize!" do
       klass = Class.new(Vagrant.plugin("2", "config"))
 
-      klass.any_instance.should_receive(:finalize!)
-      klass.any_instance.should_receive(:_finalize!)
+      expect_any_instance_of(klass).to receive(:finalize!)
+      expect_any_instance_of(klass).to receive(:_finalize!)
 
       map = { foo: klass }
       instance = described_class.new(map)
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Root do
     end
 
     it "should return nil if valid" do
-      instance.validate({}).should == {}
+      expect(instance.validate({})).to eq({})
     end
 
     it "should return errors if invalid" do
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Root do
         env["errors"]
       end
 
-      instance.validate(env).should == errors
+      expect(instance.validate(env)).to eq(errors)
     end
 
     it "should merge errors via array concat if matching keys" do
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Root do
         "bar" => ["bar"]
       }
 
-      instance.validate(env).should == expected_errors
+      expect(instance.validate(env)).to eq(expected_errors)
     end
 
     it "shouldn't count empty keys" do
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Root do
         env["errors"]
       end
 
-      instance.validate(env).should == {}
+      expect(instance.validate(env)).to eq({})
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/util_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/util_test.rb
index ee0d4d2f7..ff49005d0 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/util_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/config/v2/util_test.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Config::V2::Util do
       }
 
       result = described_class.merge_errors(first, second)
-      result.should == expected
+      expect(result).to eq(expected)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/config_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/config_test.rb
index 28f35f1f2..5f05828cb 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/config_test.rb
@@ -20,14 +20,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Config do
       end
     end
 
-    procs.should be_kind_of(Array)
-    procs.length.should == 2
-    procs[0][0].should == "1"
-    procs[1][0].should == "2"
+    expect(procs).to be_kind_of(Array)
+    expect(procs.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(procs[0][0]).to eq("1")
+    expect(procs[1][0]).to eq("2")
 
     # Verify the proper procs were captured
-    receiver.should_receive(:one).once.ordered
-    receiver.should_receive(:two).once.ordered
+    expect(receiver).to receive(:one).once.ordered
+    expect(receiver).to receive(:two).once.ordered
     procs[0][1].call
     procs[1][1].call
   end
@@ -45,14 +45,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Config do
       end
     end
 
-    procs.should be_kind_of(Array)
-    procs.length.should == 2
-    procs[0][0].should == "1"
-    procs[1][0].should == "2"
+    expect(procs).to be_kind_of(Array)
+    expect(procs.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(procs[0][0]).to eq("1")
+    expect(procs[1][0]).to eq("2")
 
     # Verify the proper procs were captured
-    receiver.should_receive(:one).once.ordered
-    receiver.should_receive(:two).once.ordered
+    expect(receiver).to receive(:one).once.ordered
+    expect(receiver).to receive(:two).once.ordered
     procs[0][1].call
     procs[1][1].call
   end
@@ -67,12 +67,12 @@ describe Vagrant::Config do
     end
 
     # Verify the structure of the result
-    procs.should be_kind_of(Array)
-    procs.length.should == 1
+    expect(procs).to be_kind_of(Array)
+    expect(procs.length).to eq(1)
 
     # Verify that the proper proc was captured
-    receiver.should_receive(:hello!).once
-    procs[0][0].should == "1"
+    expect(receiver).to receive(:hello!).once
+    expect(procs[0][0]).to eq("1")
     procs[0][1].call
   end
 
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Config do
     end
 
     # Verify the structure of the result
-    procs.should be_kind_of(Array)
-    procs.length.should == 2
-    procs[0][0].should == "1"
-    procs[1][0].should == "2"
+    expect(procs).to be_kind_of(Array)
+    expect(procs.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(procs[0][0]).to eq("1")
+    expect(procs[1][0]).to eq("2")
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/environment_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/environment_test.rb
index b1fa74985..218e20e4a 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/environment_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/environment_test.rb
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
     it "is set to the home path given" do
       Dir.mktmpdir do |dir|
         instance = described_class.new(:home_path => dir)
-        instance.home_path.should == Pathname.new(dir)
+        expect(instance.home_path).to eq(Pathname.new(dir))
       end
     end
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
           described_class.new
         end
 
-        instance.home_path.should == Pathname.new(dir)
+        expect(instance.home_path).to eq(Pathname.new(dir))
       end
     end
 
@@ -111,9 +111,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
         Vagrant::Environment.any_instance.stub(boxes: double("boxes"))
 
         collection = double("collection")
-        Vagrant::BoxCollection.should_receive(:new).with(
+        expect(Vagrant::BoxCollection).to receive(:new).with(
           env.homedir.join("boxes"), anything).and_return(collection)
-        collection.should_receive(:upgrade_v1_1_v1_5).once
+        expect(collection).to receive(:upgrade_v1_1_v1_5).once
         subject
       end
     end
@@ -262,10 +262,10 @@ VF
       # Verify that we can get the machine
       env = isolated_env.create_vagrant_env
       machine = env.machine(:foo, :foo)
-      machine.should be_kind_of(Vagrant::Machine)
-      machine.name.should == :foo
-      machine.provider.should be_kind_of(foo_provider)
-      machine.provider_config.should be_nil
+      expect(machine).to be_kind_of(Vagrant::Machine)
+      expect(machine.name).to eq(:foo)
+      expect(machine.provider).to be_kind_of(foo_provider)
+      expect(machine.provider_config).to be_nil
     end
 
     it "should return a machine object with the machine configuration" do
@@ -295,10 +295,10 @@ VF
       # Verify that we can get the machine
       env = isolated_env.create_vagrant_env
       machine = env.machine(:foo, :foo)
-      machine.should be_kind_of(Vagrant::Machine)
-      machine.name.should == :foo
-      machine.provider.should be_kind_of(foo_provider)
-      machine.provider_config.value.should == 100
+      expect(machine).to be_kind_of(Vagrant::Machine)
+      expect(machine.name).to eq(:foo)
+      expect(machine.provider).to be_kind_of(foo_provider)
+      expect(machine.provider_config.value).to eq(100)
     end
 
     it "should cache the machine objects by name and provider" do
@@ -325,10 +325,10 @@ VF
       vm1_bar = env.machine(:vm1, :bar)
       vm2_foo = env.machine(:vm2, :foo)
 
-      vm1_foo.should eql(env.machine(:vm1, :foo))
-      vm1_bar.should eql(env.machine(:vm1, :bar))
-      vm1_foo.should_not eql(vm1_bar)
-      vm2_foo.should eql(env.machine(:vm2, :foo))
+      expect(vm1_foo).to eql(env.machine(:vm1, :foo))
+      expect(vm1_bar).to eql(env.machine(:vm1, :bar))
+      expect(vm1_foo).not_to eql(vm1_bar)
+      expect(vm2_foo).to eql(env.machine(:vm2, :foo))
     end
 
     it "should load a machine without a box" do
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ VF
 
       env = environment.create_vagrant_env
       machine = env.machine(:default, :foo)
-      machine.box.should be_nil
+      expect(machine.box).to be_nil
     end
 
     it "should load the machine configuration" do
@@ -367,8 +367,8 @@ VF
 
       env = environment.create_vagrant_env
       machine = env.machine(:vm1, :foo)
-      machine.config.ssh.port.should == 100
-      machine.config.vm.box.should == "base"
+      expect(machine.config.ssh.port).to eq(100)
+      expect(machine.config.vm.box).to eq("base")
     end
 
     it "should load the box configuration for a box" do
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ VF
 
       env = environment.create_vagrant_env
       machine = env.machine(:default, :foo)
-      machine.config.ssh.port.should == 100
+      expect(machine.config.ssh.port).to eq(100)
     end
 
     it "should load the box configuration for a box and custom Vagrantfile name" do
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ VF
       end
 
       machine = env.machine(:default, :foo)
-      machine.config.ssh.port.should == 100
+      expect(machine.config.ssh.port).to eq(100)
     end
 
     it "should load the box configuration for other formats for a box" do
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ VF
 
       env = environment.create_vagrant_env
       machine = env.machine(:default, :foo)
-      machine.config.ssh.port.should == 100
+      expect(machine.config.ssh.port).to eq(100)
     end
 
     it "prefer sooner formats when multiple box formats are available" do
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ VF
 
       env = environment.create_vagrant_env
       machine = env.machine(:default, :foo)
-      machine.config.ssh.port.should == 100
+      expect(machine.config.ssh.port).to eq(100)
     end
 
     it "should load the proper version of a box" do
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ VF
 
       env = environment.create_vagrant_env
       machine = env.machine(:default, :foo)
-      machine.config.ssh.port.should == 200
+      expect(machine.config.ssh.port).to eq(200)
     end
 
     it "should load the provider override if set" do
@@ -516,8 +516,8 @@ VF
       env = isolated_env.create_vagrant_env
       foo_vm = env.machine(:default, :foo)
       bar_vm = env.machine(:default, :bar)
-      foo_vm.config.vm.box.should == "bar"
-      bar_vm.config.vm.box.should == "foo"
+      expect(foo_vm.config.vm.box).to eq("bar")
+      expect(bar_vm.config.vm.box).to eq("foo")
     end
 
     it "should reload the cache if refresh is set" do
@@ -540,8 +540,8 @@ VF
       vm2 = env.machine(:default, :foo, true)
       vm3 = env.machine(:default, :foo)
 
-      vm1.should_not eql(vm2)
-      vm2.should eql(vm3)
+      expect(vm1).not_to eql(vm2)
+      expect(vm2).to eql(vm3)
     end
 
     it "should raise an error if the VM is not found" do
@@ -558,9 +558,9 @@ VF
   describe "active machines" do
     it "should be empty if the machines folder doesn't exist" do
       folder = instance.local_data_path.join("machines")
-      folder.should_not be_exist
+      expect(folder).not_to be_exist
 
-      instance.active_machines.should be_empty
+      expect(instance.active_machines).to be_empty
     end
 
     it "should return the name and provider of active machines" do
@@ -575,22 +575,22 @@ VF
       machine_bar = machines.join("bar/virtualbox")
       machine_bar.mkpath
 
-      instance.active_machines.should == [[:foo, :virtualbox]]
+      expect(instance.active_machines).to eq([[:foo, :virtualbox]])
     end
   end
 
   describe "batching" do
     let(:batch) do
       double("batch") do |b|
-        b.stub(:run)
+        allow(b).to receive(:run)
       end
     end
 
     context "without the disabling env var" do
       it "should run without disabling parallelization" do
         with_temp_env("VAGRANT_NO_PARALLEL" => nil) do
-          Vagrant::BatchAction.should_receive(:new).with(true).and_return(batch)
-          batch.should_receive(:run)
+          expect(Vagrant::BatchAction).to receive(:new).with(true).and_return(batch)
+          expect(batch).to receive(:run)
 
           instance.batch {}
         end
@@ -598,8 +598,8 @@ VF
 
       it "should run with disabling parallelization if explicit" do
         with_temp_env("VAGRANT_NO_PARALLEL" => nil) do
-          Vagrant::BatchAction.should_receive(:new).with(false).and_return(batch)
-          batch.should_receive(:run)
+          expect(Vagrant::BatchAction).to receive(:new).with(false).and_return(batch)
+          expect(batch).to receive(:run)
 
           instance.batch(false) {}
         end
@@ -609,8 +609,8 @@ VF
     context "with the disabling env var" do
       it "should run with disabling parallelization" do
         with_temp_env("VAGRANT_NO_PARALLEL" => "yes") do
-          Vagrant::BatchAction.should_receive(:new).with(false).and_return(batch)
-          batch.should_receive(:run)
+          expect(Vagrant::BatchAction).to receive(:new).with(false).and_return(batch)
+          expect(batch).to receive(:run)
 
           instance.batch {}
         end
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ VF
       Dir.mktmpdir do |temp_dir|
         Dir.chdir(temp_dir) do
           with_temp_env("VAGRANT_CWD" => nil) do
-            described_class.new.cwd.should == Pathname.new(Dir.pwd)
+            expect(described_class.new.cwd).to eq(Pathname.new(Dir.pwd))
           end
         end
       end
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ VF
     it "is set to the cwd given" do
       Dir.mktmpdir do |directory|
         instance = described_class.new(:cwd => directory)
-        instance.cwd.should == Pathname.new(directory)
+        expect(instance.cwd).to eq(Pathname.new(directory))
       end
     end
 
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ VF
           described_class.new
         end
 
-        instance.cwd.should == Pathname.new(directory)
+        expect(instance.cwd).to eq(Pathname.new(directory))
       end
     end
 
@@ -655,13 +655,13 @@ VF
   describe "default provider" do
     it "is virtualbox without any environmental variable" do
       with_temp_env("VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER" => nil) do
-        subject.default_provider.should == :virtualbox
+        expect(subject.default_provider).to eq(:virtualbox)
       end
     end
 
     it "is whatever the environmental variable is if set" do
       with_temp_env("VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER" => "foo") do
-        subject.default_provider.should == :foo
+        expect(subject.default_provider).to eq(:foo)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -669,18 +669,18 @@ VF
   describe "local data path" do
     it "is set to the proper default" do
       default = instance.root_path.join(described_class::DEFAULT_LOCAL_DATA)
-      instance.local_data_path.should == default
+      expect(instance.local_data_path).to eq(default)
     end
 
     it "is expanded relative to the cwd" do
       instance = described_class.new(:local_data_path => "foo")
-      instance.local_data_path.should == instance.cwd.join("foo")
+      expect(instance.local_data_path).to eq(instance.cwd.join("foo"))
     end
 
     it "is set to the given value" do
       Dir.mktmpdir do |dir|
         instance = described_class.new(:local_data_path => dir)
-        instance.local_data_path.to_s.should == dir
+        expect(instance.local_data_path.to_s).to eq(dir)
       end
     end
 
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ VF
         end
 
         expect { instance }.to_not raise_error
-        Pathname.new(local_data_path).should be_directory
+        expect(Pathname.new(local_data_path)).to be_directory
       end
 
       it "should upgrade all active VMs" do
@@ -720,12 +720,12 @@ VF
 
         local_data_pathname = Pathname.new(local_data_path)
         foo_id_file = local_data_pathname.join("machines/foo/virtualbox/id")
-        foo_id_file.should be_file
-        foo_id_file.read.should == "foo_id"
+        expect(foo_id_file).to be_file
+        expect(foo_id_file.read).to eq("foo_id")
 
         bar_id_file = local_data_pathname.join("machines/bar/virtualbox/id")
-        bar_id_file.should be_file
-        bar_id_file.read.should == "bar_id"
+        expect(bar_id_file).to be_file
+        expect(bar_id_file.read).to eq("bar_id")
       end
 
       it "should raise an error if invalid JSON" do
@@ -745,18 +745,18 @@ VF
       instance = described_class.new(:home_path => env.homedir)
 
       pk = env.homedir.join("insecure_private_key")
-      pk.should be_exist
+      expect(pk).to be_exist
 
       if !Vagrant::Util::Platform.windows?
-        Vagrant::Util::FileMode.from_octal(pk.stat.mode).should == "600"
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::FileMode.from_octal(pk.stat.mode)).to eq("600")
       end
     end
   end
 
   it "has a box collection pointed to the proper directory" do
     collection = instance.boxes
-    collection.should be_kind_of(Vagrant::BoxCollection)
-    collection.directory.should == instance.boxes_path
+    expect(collection).to be_kind_of(Vagrant::BoxCollection)
+    expect(collection.directory).to eq(instance.boxes_path)
 
     # Reach into some internal state here but not sure how else
     # to test this at the moment.
@@ -766,7 +766,7 @@ VF
 
   describe "action runner" do
     it "has an action runner" do
-      instance.action_runner.should be_kind_of(Vagrant::Action::Runner)
+      expect(instance.action_runner).to be_kind_of(Vagrant::Action::Runner)
     end
 
     it "has a `ui` in the globals" do
@@ -774,7 +774,7 @@ VF
       callable = lambda { |env| result = env[:ui] }
 
       instance.action_runner.run(callable)
-      result.should eql(instance.ui)
+      expect(result).to eql(instance.ui)
     end
   end
 
@@ -782,39 +782,39 @@ VF
     it "should call the action runner with the proper hook" do
       hook_name = :foo
 
-      instance.action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |callable, env|
-        env[:action_name].should == hook_name
-      end
+      expect(instance.action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |callable, env|
+        expect(env[:action_name]).to eq(hook_name)
+      }
 
       instance.hook(hook_name)
     end
 
     it "should return the result of the action runner run" do
-      instance.action_runner.should_receive(:run).and_return(:foo)
+      expect(instance.action_runner).to receive(:run).and_return(:foo)
 
-      instance.hook(:bar).should == :foo
+      expect(instance.hook(:bar)).to eq(:foo)
     end
 
     it "should allow passing in a custom action runner" do
-      instance.action_runner.should_not_receive(:run)
+      expect(instance.action_runner).not_to receive(:run)
       other_runner = double("runner")
-      other_runner.should_receive(:run).and_return(:foo)
+      expect(other_runner).to receive(:run).and_return(:foo)
 
-      instance.hook(:bar, runner: other_runner).should == :foo
+      expect(instance.hook(:bar, runner: other_runner)).to eq(:foo)
     end
 
     it "should allow passing in custom data" do
-      instance.action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |callable, env|
-        env[:foo].should == :bar
-      end
+      expect(instance.action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |callable, env|
+        expect(env[:foo]).to eq(:bar)
+      }
 
       instance.hook(:foo, foo: :bar)
     end
 
     it "should allow passing a custom callable" do
-      instance.action_runner.should_receive(:run).with do |callable, env|
-        callable.should == :what
-      end
+      expect(instance.action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |callable, env|
+        expect(callable).to eq(:what)
+      }
 
       instance.hook(:foo, callable: :what)
     end
@@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ VF
 
   describe "primary machine name" do
     it "should be the only machine if not a multi-machine environment" do
-      instance.primary_machine_name.should == instance.machine_names.first
+      expect(instance.primary_machine_name).to eq(instance.machine_names.first)
     end
 
     it "should be the machine marked as the primary" do
@@ -839,7 +839,7 @@ VF
       end
 
       env = environment.create_vagrant_env
-      env.primary_machine_name.should == :bar
+      expect(env.primary_machine_name).to eq(:bar)
     end
 
     it "should be nil if no primary is specified in a multi-machine environment" do
@@ -856,7 +856,7 @@ VF
       end
 
       env = environment.create_vagrant_env
-      env.primary_machine_name.should be_nil
+      expect(env.primary_machine_name).to be_nil
     end
   end
 
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@ VF
       end
 
       env = environment.create_vagrant_env
-      env.vagrantfile.config.ssh.port.should == 200
+      expect(env.vagrantfile.config.ssh.port).to eq(200)
     end
 
     it "should load from a custom Vagrantfile" do
@@ -884,7 +884,7 @@ VF
       end
 
       env = environment.create_vagrant_env(:vagrantfile_name => "non_standard_name")
-      env.vagrantfile.config.ssh.port.should == 200
+      expect(env.vagrantfile.config.ssh.port).to eq(200)
     end
 
     it "should load from a custom Vagrantfile specified by env var" do
@@ -900,13 +900,13 @@ VF
         environment.create_vagrant_env
       end
 
-      env.vagrantfile.config.ssh.port.should == 400
+      expect(env.vagrantfile.config.ssh.port).to eq(400)
     end
   end
 
   describe "ui" do
     it "should be a silent UI by default" do
-      described_class.new.ui.should be_kind_of(Vagrant::UI::Silent)
+      expect(described_class.new.ui).to be_kind_of(Vagrant::UI::Silent)
     end
 
     it "should be a UI given in the constructor" do
@@ -914,13 +914,13 @@ VF
       class CustomUI < Vagrant::UI::Interface; end
 
       instance = described_class.new(:ui_class => CustomUI)
-      instance.ui.should be_kind_of(CustomUI)
+      expect(instance.ui).to be_kind_of(CustomUI)
     end
   end
 
   describe "#unload" do
     it "should run the unload hook" do
-      instance.should_receive(:hook).with(:environment_unload).once
+      expect(instance).to receive(:hook).with(:environment_unload).once
       instance.unload
     end
   end
@@ -936,7 +936,7 @@ VF
       end
 
       env = isolated_env.create_vagrant_env
-      env.machine_names.should == [:default]
+      expect(env.machine_names).to eq([:default])
     end
 
     it "should return the machine names in order" do
@@ -951,7 +951,7 @@ VF
       end
 
       env = isolated_env.create_vagrant_env
-      env.machine_names.should == [:foo, :bar]
+      expect(env.machine_names).to eq([:foo, :bar])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/errors_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/errors_test.rb
index fb5423bd0..7f71f4872 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/errors_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/errors_test.rb
@@ -11,17 +11,20 @@ describe Vagrant::Errors::VagrantError do
     subject { klass.new }
 
     it "should use the translation for the message" do
-      subject.to_s.should == "test value"
+      expect(subject.to_s).to eq("test value")
     end
 
-    its("status_code") { should eq(1) }
+    describe '#status_code' do
+      subject { super().status_code }
+      it { should eq(1) }
+    end
   end
 
   describe "passing error key through options" do
     subject { described_class.new(_key: "test_key") }
 
     it "should use the translation for the message" do
-      subject.to_s.should == "test value"
+      expect(subject.to_s).to eq("test value")
     end
   end
 
@@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Errors::VagrantError do
     subject { klass.new(data: "yep") }
 
     it "should use the translation for the message" do
-      subject.to_s.should == "foo"
+      expect(subject.to_s).to eq("foo")
     end
 
     it "should expose translation keys to the user" do
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/guest_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/guest_test.rb
index b41f584a2..07d60f298 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/guest_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/guest_test.rb
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Guest do
   describe "#detect!" do
     it "auto-detects if no explicit guest name given" do
       machine.config.vm.stub(guest: nil)
-      subject.should_receive(:initialize_capabilities!).
+      expect(subject).to receive(:initialize_capabilities!).
         with(nil, guests, capabilities, machine)
 
       subject.detect!
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Guest do
 
     it "uses the explicit guest name if specified" do
       machine.config.vm.stub(guest: :foo)
-      subject.should_receive(:initialize_capabilities!).
+      expect(subject).to receive(:initialize_capabilities!).
         with(:foo, guests, capabilities, machine)
 
       subject.detect!
@@ -91,12 +91,12 @@ describe Vagrant::Guest do
     end
 
     it "should not be ready by default" do
-      subject.ready?.should_not be
+      expect(subject.ready?).not_to be
     end
 
     it "should be ready after detecting" do
       subject.detect!
-      subject.ready?.should be
+      expect(subject.ready?).to be
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/host_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/host_test.rb
index 9b4c2d40c..b0f3d65f9 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/host_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/host_test.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Host do
   let(:env) { Object.new }
 
   it "initializes the capabilities" do
-    described_class.any_instance.should_receive(:initialize_capabilities!).
+    expect_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:initialize_capabilities!).
       with(:foo, hosts, capabilities, env)
 
     described_class.new(:foo, hosts, capabilities, env)
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/machine_state_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/machine_state_test.rb
index 7b40fd720..6c53845c7 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/machine_state_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/machine_state_test.rb
@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ describe Vagrant::MachineState do
 
   it "should give access to the id" do
     instance = described_class.new(id, short, long)
-    instance.id.should == id
+    expect(instance.id).to eq(id)
   end
 
   it "should give access to the short description" do
     instance = described_class.new(id, short, long)
-    instance.short_description.should == short
+    expect(instance.short_description).to eq(short)
   end
 
   it "should give access to the long description" do
     instance = described_class.new(id, short, long)
-    instance.long_description.should == long
+    expect(instance.long_description).to eq(long)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/machine_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/machine_test.rb
index 0691454fa..08efef37e 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/machine_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/machine_test.rb
@@ -62,25 +62,25 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
         end
 
         provider_cls = double("provider_cls")
-        provider_cls.should_receive(:new) do |machine|
+        expect(provider_cls).to receive(:new) { |machine|
           # Store this for later so we can verify that it is the
           # one we expected to receive.
           received_machine = machine
 
           # Sanity check
-          machine.should be
+          expect(machine).to be
 
           # Yield our machine if we want to do additional tests
           yield machine if block_given?
           true
-        end.and_return(instance)
+        }.and_return(instance)
 
         # Initialize a new machine and verify that we properly receive
         # the machine we expect.
         instance = described_class.new(name, provider_name, provider_cls, provider_config,
                                        provider_options, config, data_dir, box,
                                        env, env.vagrantfile)
-        received_machine.should eql(instance)
+        expect(received_machine).to eql(instance)
       end
 
       it "should initialize with the machine object" do
@@ -90,25 +90,25 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
 
       it "should have the machine name setup" do
         provider_init_test do |machine|
-          machine.name.should == name
+          expect(machine.name).to eq(name)
         end
       end
 
       it "should have the machine configuration" do
         provider_init_test do |machine|
-          machine.config.should eql(config)
+          expect(machine.config).to eql(config)
         end
       end
 
       it "should have the box" do
         provider_init_test do |machine|
-          machine.box.should eql(box)
+          expect(machine.box).to eql(box)
         end
       end
 
       it "should have the environment" do
         provider_init_test do |machine|
-          machine.env.should eql(env)
+          expect(machine.env).to eql(env)
         end
       end
 
@@ -120,29 +120,29 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
 
       it "should have access to the ID" do
         # Stub this because #id= calls it.
-        provider.stub(:machine_id_changed)
+        allow(provider).to receive(:machine_id_changed)
 
         # Set the ID on the previous instance so that it is persisted
         instance.id = "foo"
 
         provider_init_test do |machine|
-          machine.id.should == "foo"
+          expect(machine.id).to eq("foo")
         end
       end
 
       it "should NOT have access to the provider" do
         provider_init_test do |machine|
-          machine.provider.should be_nil
+          expect(machine.provider).to be_nil
         end
       end
 
       it "should initialize the capabilities" do
         instance = double("instance")
-        instance.should_receive(:_initialize).with do |p, m|
+        expect(instance).to receive(:_initialize).with { |p, m|
           expect(p).to eq(provider_name)
           expect(m.name).to eq(name)
           true
-        end
+        }
 
         provider_init_test(instance)
       end
@@ -150,13 +150,40 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
   end
 
   describe "attributes" do
-    its(:name)             { should eq(name) }
-    its(:config)           { should eql(config) }
-    its(:box)              { should eql(box) }
-    its(:env)              { should eql(env) }
-    its(:provider)         { should eql(provider) }
-    its(:provider_config)  { should eql(provider_config) }
-    its(:provider_options) { should eq(provider_options) }
+    describe '#name' do
+      subject { super().name }
+      it             { should eq(name) }
+    end
+
+    describe '#config' do
+      subject { super().config }
+      it           { should eql(config) }
+    end
+
+    describe '#box' do
+      subject { super().box }
+      it              { should eql(box) }
+    end
+
+    describe '#env' do
+      subject { super().env }
+      it              { should eql(env) }
+    end
+
+    describe '#provider' do
+      subject { super().provider }
+      it         { should eql(provider) }
+    end
+
+    describe '#provider_config' do
+      subject { super().provider_config }
+      it  { should eql(provider_config) }
+    end
+
+    describe '#provider_options' do
+      subject { super().provider_options }
+      it { should eq(provider_options) }
+    end
   end
 
   describe "actions" do
@@ -165,9 +192,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
       called      = false
       callable    = lambda { |_env| called = true }
 
-      provider.should_receive(:action).with(action_name).and_return(callable)
+      expect(provider).to receive(:action).with(action_name).and_return(callable)
       instance.action(:up)
-      called.should be
+      expect(called).to be
     end
 
     it "should provide the machine in the environment" do
@@ -175,10 +202,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
       machine     = nil
       callable    = lambda { |env| machine = env[:machine] }
 
-      provider.stub(:action).with(action_name).and_return(callable)
+      allow(provider).to receive(:action).with(action_name).and_return(callable)
       instance.action(:up)
 
-      machine.should eql(instance)
+      expect(machine).to eql(instance)
     end
 
     it "should pass any extra options to the environment" do
@@ -186,26 +213,26 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
       foo         = nil
       callable    = lambda { |env| foo = env[:foo] }
 
-      provider.stub(:action).with(action_name).and_return(callable)
+      allow(provider).to receive(:action).with(action_name).and_return(callable)
       instance.action(:up, :foo => :bar)
 
-      foo.should == :bar
+      expect(foo).to eq(:bar)
     end
 
     it "should return the environment as a result" do
       action_name = :up
       callable    = lambda { |env| env[:result] = "FOO" }
 
-      provider.stub(:action).with(action_name).and_return(callable)
+      allow(provider).to receive(:action).with(action_name).and_return(callable)
       result = instance.action(action_name)
 
-      result[:result].should == "FOO"
+      expect(result[:result]).to eq("FOO")
     end
 
     it "should raise an exception if the action is not implemented" do
       action_name = :up
 
-      provider.stub(:action).with(action_name).and_return(nil)
+      allow(provider).to receive(:action).with(action_name).and_return(nil)
 
       expect { instance.action(action_name) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::UnimplementedProviderAction)
@@ -214,20 +241,20 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
 
   describe "communicator" do
     it "should always return the SSH communicator" do
-      instance.communicate.should be_kind_of(VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorSSH::Communicator)
+      expect(instance.communicate).to be_kind_of(VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorSSH::Communicator)
     end
 
     it "should memoize the result" do
       obj = instance.communicate
-      instance.communicate.should eql(obj)
+      expect(instance.communicate).to eql(obj)
     end
   end
 
   describe "guest implementation" do
     let(:communicator) do
       result = double("communicator")
-      result.stub(:ready?).and_return(true)
-      result.stub(:test).and_return(false)
+      allow(result).to receive(:ready?).and_return(true)
+      allow(result).to receive(:test).and_return(false)
       result
     end
 
@@ -242,11 +269,11 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
         p.guest(:test) { test_guest }
       end
 
-      instance.stub(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
+      allow(instance).to receive(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
     end
 
     it "should raise an exception if communication is not ready" do
-      communicator.should_receive(:ready?).and_return(false)
+      expect(communicator).to receive(:ready?).and_return(false)
 
       expect { instance.guest }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::MachineGuestNotReady)
@@ -254,7 +281,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
 
     it "should return the configured guest" do
       result = instance.guest
-      result.should be_kind_of(Vagrant::Guest)
+      expect(result).to be_kind_of(Vagrant::Guest)
       expect(result).to be_ready
       expect(result.capability_host_chain[0][0]).to eql(:test)
     end
@@ -262,47 +289,47 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
 
   describe "setting the ID" do
     before(:each) do
-      provider.stub(:machine_id_changed)
+      allow(provider).to receive(:machine_id_changed)
     end
 
     it "should not have an ID by default" do
-      instance.id.should be_nil
+      expect(instance.id).to be_nil
     end
 
     it "should set an ID" do
       instance.id = "bar"
-      instance.id.should == "bar"
+      expect(instance.id).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "should notify the machine that the ID changed" do
-      provider.should_receive(:machine_id_changed).once
+      expect(provider).to receive(:machine_id_changed).once
 
       instance.id = "bar"
     end
 
     it "should persist the ID" do
       instance.id = "foo"
-      new_instance.id.should == "foo"
+      expect(new_instance.id).to eq("foo")
     end
 
     it "should delete the ID" do
       instance.id = "foo"
 
       second = new_instance
-      second.id.should == "foo"
+      expect(second.id).to eq("foo")
       second.id = nil
       expect(second.id).to be_nil
 
       third = new_instance
-      third.id.should be_nil
+      expect(third.id).to be_nil
     end
   end
 
   describe "ssh info" do
     describe "with the provider returning nil" do
       it "should return nil if the provider returns nil" do
-        provider.should_receive(:ssh_info).and_return(nil)
-        instance.ssh_info.should be_nil
+        expect(provider).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return(nil)
+        expect(instance.ssh_info).to be_nil
       end
     end
 
@@ -310,7 +337,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
       let(:provider_ssh_info) { {} }
 
       before(:each) do
-        provider.stub(:ssh_info).and_return(provider_ssh_info)
+        allow(provider).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return(provider_ssh_info)
       end
 
       [:host, :port, :username].each do |type|
@@ -318,14 +345,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
           provider_ssh_info[type] = "foo"
           instance.config.ssh.send("#{type}=", nil)
 
-          instance.ssh_info[type].should == "foo"
+          expect(instance.ssh_info[type]).to eq("foo")
         end
 
         it "should return the Vagrantfile value if provider data not given" do
           provider_ssh_info[type] = nil
           instance.config.ssh.send("#{type}=", "bar")
 
-          instance.ssh_info[type].should == "bar"
+          expect(instance.ssh_info[type]).to eq("bar")
         end
 
         it "should use the default if no override and no provider" do
@@ -333,7 +360,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
           instance.config.ssh.send("#{type}=", nil)
           instance.config.ssh.default.send("#{type}=", "foo")
 
-          instance.ssh_info[type].should == "foo"
+          expect(instance.ssh_info[type]).to eq("foo")
         end
 
         it "should use the override if set even with a provider" do
@@ -341,7 +368,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
           instance.config.ssh.send("#{type}=", "bar")
           instance.config.ssh.default.send("#{type}=", "foo")
 
-          instance.ssh_info[type].should == "bar"
+          expect(instance.ssh_info[type]).to eq("bar")
         end
       end
 
@@ -349,53 +376,55 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
         provider_ssh_info[:forward_agent] = true
         instance.config.ssh.forward_agent = false
 
-        instance.ssh_info[:forward_agent].should == false
+        expect(instance.ssh_info[:forward_agent]).to eq(false)
       end
 
       it "should set the configured forward X11 settings" do
         provider_ssh_info[:forward_x11] = true
         instance.config.ssh.forward_x11 = false
 
-        instance.ssh_info[:forward_x11].should == false
+        expect(instance.ssh_info[:forward_x11]).to eq(false)
       end
 
       it "should return the provider private key if given" do
         provider_ssh_info[:private_key_path] = "/foo"
 
-        instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path].should == [File.expand_path("/foo", env.root_path)]
+        expect(instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path]).to eq([File.expand_path("/foo", env.root_path)])
       end
 
       it "should return the configured SSH key path if set" do
         provider_ssh_info[:private_key_path] = nil
         instance.config.ssh.private_key_path = "/bar"
 
-        instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path].should == [File.expand_path("/bar", env.root_path)]
+        expect(instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path]).to eq([File.expand_path("/bar", env.root_path)])
       end
 
       it "should return the array of SSH keys if set" do
         provider_ssh_info[:private_key_path] = nil
         instance.config.ssh.private_key_path = ["/foo", "/bar"]
 
-        instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path].should == [
+        expect(instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path]).to eq([
           File.expand_path("/foo", env.root_path),
           File.expand_path("/bar", env.root_path),
-        ]
+        ])
       end
 
       context "expanding path relative to the root path" do
         it "should with the provider key path" do
           provider_ssh_info[:private_key_path] = "~/foo"
 
-          instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path].should ==
+          expect(instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path]).to eq(
             [File.expand_path("~/foo", env.root_path)]
+          )
         end
 
         it "should with the config private key path" do
           provider_ssh_info[:private_key_path] = nil
           instance.config.ssh.private_key_path = "~/bar"
 
-          instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path].should ==
+          expect(instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path]).to eq(
             [File.expand_path("~/bar", env.root_path)]
+          )
         end
       end
 
@@ -403,8 +432,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
         provider_ssh_info[:private_key_path] = nil
         instance.config.ssh.private_key_path = nil
 
-        instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path].should ==
+        expect(instance.ssh_info[:private_key_path]).to eq(
           [instance.env.default_private_key_path.to_s]
+        )
       end
 
       it "should not set any default private keys if a password is specified" do
@@ -436,12 +466,12 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
     it "should query state from the provider" do
       state = Vagrant::MachineState.new(:id, "short", "long")
 
-      provider.should_receive(:state).and_return(state)
-      instance.state.id.should == :id
+      expect(provider).to receive(:state).and_return(state)
+      expect(instance.state.id).to eq(:id)
     end
 
     it "should raise an exception if a MachineState is not returned" do
-      provider.should_receive(:state).and_return(:old_school)
+      expect(provider).to receive(:state).and_return(:old_school)
       expect { instance.state }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::MachineStateInvalid)
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/manager_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/manager_test.rb
index f893f06c5..62cbc8785 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/manager_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/manager_test.rb
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
     it "installs the plugin and adds it to the state file" do
       specs = Array.new(5) { Gem::Specification.new }
       specs[3].name = "foo"
-      bundler.should_receive(:install).once.with do |plugins, local|
+      expect(bundler).to receive(:install).once.with { |plugins, local|
         expect(plugins).to have_key("foo")
         expect(local).to be_false
-      end.and_return(specs)
+      }.and_return(specs)
 
       result = subject.install_plugin("foo")
 
@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
     end
 
     it "masks GemNotFound with our error" do
-      bundler.should_receive(:install).and_raise(Bundler::GemNotFound)
+      expect(bundler).to receive(:install).and_raise(Bundler::GemNotFound)
 
       expect { subject.install_plugin("foo") }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::PluginGemNotFound)
     end
 
     it "masks bundler errors with our own error" do
-      bundler.should_receive(:install).and_raise(Bundler::InstallError)
+      expect(bundler).to receive(:install).and_raise(Bundler::InstallError)
 
       expect { subject.install_plugin("foo") }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BundlerError)
@@ -70,14 +70,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
       local_spec.name = "bar"
       local_spec.version = version
 
-      bundler.should_receive(:install_local).with(name).
+      expect(bundler).to receive(:install_local).with(name).
         ordered.and_return(local_spec)
 
-      bundler.should_receive(:install).once.with do |plugins, local|
+      expect(bundler).to receive(:install).once.with { |plugins, local|
         expect(plugins).to have_key("bar")
         expect(plugins["bar"]["gem_version"]).to eql("#{version}")
         expect(local).to be_true
-      end.ordered.and_return([local_spec])
+      }.ordered.and_return([local_spec])
 
       subject.install_plugin(name)
 
@@ -94,15 +94,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
       end
 
       before do
-        bundler.stub(:install).and_return(specs)
+        allow(bundler).to receive(:install).and_return(specs)
       end
 
       it "installs a version with constraints" do
-        bundler.should_receive(:install).once.with do |plugins, local|
+        expect(bundler).to receive(:install).once.with { |plugins, local|
           expect(plugins).to have_key("foo")
           expect(plugins["foo"]["gem_version"]).to eql(">= 0.1.0")
           expect(local).to be_false
-        end.and_return(specs)
+        }.and_return(specs)
 
         subject.install_plugin("foo", version: ">= 0.1.0")
 
@@ -112,11 +112,11 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
       end
 
       it "installs with an exact version but doesn't constrain" do
-        bundler.should_receive(:install).once.with do |plugins, local|
+        expect(bundler).to receive(:install).once.with { |plugins, local|
           expect(plugins).to have_key("foo")
           expect(plugins["foo"]["gem_version"]).to eql("0.1.0")
           expect(local).to be_false
-        end.and_return(specs)
+        }.and_return(specs)
 
         subject.install_plugin("foo", version: "0.1.0")
 
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
       expect(subject.installed_plugins).to have_key("foo")
 
       # Test
-      bundler.should_receive(:clean).once.with({})
+      expect(bundler).to receive(:clean).once.with({})
 
       # Remove it
       subject.uninstall_plugin("foo")
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
     end
 
     it "masks bundler errors with our own error" do
-      bundler.should_receive(:clean).and_raise(Bundler::InstallError)
+      expect(bundler).to receive(:clean).and_raise(Bundler::InstallError)
 
       expect { subject.uninstall_plugin("foo") }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BundlerError)
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
         sf.add_plugin("bar")
 
         # Test
-        bundler.should_receive(:clean).once.with(anything)
+        expect(bundler).to receive(:clean).once.with(anything)
 
         # Remove it
         subject.uninstall_plugin("bar")
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
 
   describe "#update_plugins" do
     it "masks bundler errors with our own error" do
-      bundler.should_receive(:update).and_raise(Bundler::InstallError)
+      expect(bundler).to receive(:update).and_raise(Bundler::InstallError)
 
       expect { subject.update_plugins([]) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BundlerError)
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/command_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/command_test.rb
index 7aad4a65e..91fb61643 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/command_test.rb
@@ -21,20 +21,20 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Command do
       result = klass.new(["-f", "foo"], nil).parse_options(opts)
 
       # Check the results
-      options[:f].should be
-      result.should == ["foo"]
+      expect(options[:f]).to be
+      expect(result).to eq(["foo"])
     end
 
     it "creates an option parser if none is given" do
       result = klass.new(["foo"], nil).parse_options(nil)
-      result.should == ["foo"]
+      expect(result).to eq(["foo"])
     end
 
     ["-h", "--help"].each do |help_string|
       it "returns nil and prints the help if '#{help_string}' is given" do
         instance = klass.new([help_string], nil)
-        instance.should_receive(:safe_puts)
-        instance.parse_options(OptionParser.new).should be_nil
+        expect(instance).to receive(:safe_puts)
+        expect(instance.parse_options(OptionParser.new)).to be_nil
       end
     end
 
@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Command do
 
     it "should yield every VM in order is no name is given" do
       foo_vm = double("foo")
-      foo_vm.stub(:name).and_return("foo")
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:name).and_return("foo")
 
       bar_vm = double("bar")
-      bar_vm.stub(:name).and_return("bar")
+      allow(bar_vm).to receive(:name).and_return("bar")
 
       environment.stub(:multivm? => true,
                        :vms => { "foo" => foo_vm, "bar" => bar_vm },
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Command do
         vms << vm
       end
 
-      vms.should == [foo_vm, bar_vm]
+      expect(vms).to eq([foo_vm, bar_vm])
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if the named VM doesn't exist" do
@@ -96,14 +96,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Command do
 
     it "yields the given VM if a name is given" do
       foo_vm = double("foo")
-      foo_vm.stub(:name).and_return(:foo)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:name).and_return(:foo)
 
       environment.stub(:multivm? => true,
                        :vms => { :foo => foo_vm, :bar => nil })
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms("foo") { |vm| vms << vm }
-      vms.should == [foo_vm]
+      expect(vms).to eq([foo_vm])
     end
   end
 
@@ -117,27 +117,27 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Command do
 
     it "should work when given all 3 parts" do
       result = instance.split_main_and_subcommand(["-v", "status", "-h", "-v"])
-      result.should == [["-v"], "status", ["-h", "-v"]]
+      expect(result).to eq([["-v"], "status", ["-h", "-v"]])
     end
 
     it "should work when given only a subcommand and args" do
       result = instance.split_main_and_subcommand(["status", "-h"])
-      result.should == [[], "status", ["-h"]]
+      expect(result).to eq([[], "status", ["-h"]])
     end
 
     it "should work when given only main flags" do
       result = instance.split_main_and_subcommand(["-v", "-h"])
-      result.should == [["-v", "-h"], nil, []]
+      expect(result).to eq([["-v", "-h"], nil, []])
     end
 
     it "should work when given only a subcommand" do
       result = instance.split_main_and_subcommand(["status"])
-      result.should == [[], "status", []]
+      expect(result).to eq([[], "status", []])
     end
 
     it "works when there are other non-flag args after the subcommand" do
       result = instance.split_main_and_subcommand(["-v", "box", "add", "-h"])
-      result.should == [["-v"], "box", ["add", "-h"]]
+      expect(result).to eq([["-v"], "box", ["add", "-h"]])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/communicator_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/communicator_test.rb
index a10e5a88d..904e76a34 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/communicator_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/communicator_test.rb
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Communicator do
   let(:machine)  { Object.new }
 
   it "should not match by default" do
-    described_class.match?(machine).should_not be
+    expect(described_class.match?(machine)).not_to be
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/config_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/config_test.rb
index 425984794..5e4846775 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/config_test.rb
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Config do
 
   it "has an UNSET_VALUE constant" do
     value = described_class.const_get("UNSET_VALUE")
-    value.should be_kind_of Object
-    value.should eql(described_class.const_get("UNSET_VALUE"))
+    expect(value).to be_kind_of Object
+    expect(value).to eql(described_class.const_get("UNSET_VALUE"))
   end
 
   describe "merging" do
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Config do
       two.two = 5
 
       result = one.merge(two)
-      result.one.should == 2
-      result.two.should == 5
+      expect(result.one).to eq(2)
+      expect(result.two).to eq(5)
     end
 
     it "doesn't merge values that start with a double underscore" do
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Config do
 
       # Merge and verify
       result = one.merge(two)
-      result.one.should == 1
-      result.two.should == 2
-      result.instance_variable_get(:@__bar).should be_nil
+      expect(result.one).to eq(1)
+      expect(result.two).to eq(2)
+      expect(result.instance_variable_get(:@__bar)).to be_nil
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/manager_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/manager_test.rb
index f20a625eb..6b609cc22 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/manager_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/manager_test.rb
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.communicators.length.should == 2
-    instance.communicators[:foo].should == "bar"
-    instance.communicators[:bar].should == "baz"
+    expect(instance.communicators.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.communicators[:foo]).to eq("bar")
+    expect(instance.communicators[:bar]).to eq("baz")
   end
 
   it "should enumerate registered configuration classes" do
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.config.length.should == 2
-    instance.config[:foo].should == "bar"
-    instance.config[:bar].should == "baz"
+    expect(instance.config.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.config[:foo]).to eq("bar")
+    expect(instance.config[:bar]).to eq("baz")
   end
 
   it "should enumerate registered upgrade safe config classes" do
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.config_upgrade_safe.length.should == 1
-    instance.config_upgrade_safe[:foo].should == "bar"
+    expect(instance.config_upgrade_safe.length).to eq(1)
+    expect(instance.config_upgrade_safe[:foo]).to eq("bar")
   end
 
   it "should enumerate registered guest classes" do
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.guests.length.should == 2
-    instance.guests[:foo].should == "bar"
-    instance.guests[:bar].should == "baz"
+    expect(instance.guests.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.guests[:foo]).to eq("bar")
+    expect(instance.guests[:bar]).to eq("baz")
   end
 
   it "should enumerate registered host classes" do
@@ -90,9 +90,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.hosts.length.should == 2
-    instance.hosts[:foo].should == "bar"
-    instance.hosts[:bar].should == "baz"
+    expect(instance.hosts.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.hosts[:foo]).to eq("bar")
+    expect(instance.hosts[:bar]).to eq("baz")
   end
 
   it "should enumerate registered provider classes" do
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.providers.length.should == 2
-    instance.providers[:foo].should == "bar"
-    instance.providers[:bar].should == "baz"
+    expect(instance.providers.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.providers[:foo]).to eq("bar")
+    expect(instance.providers[:bar]).to eq("baz")
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/plugin_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/plugin_test.rb
index 2a3af0e6e..4c1bda782 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/plugin_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/plugin_test.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
       name "foo"
     end
 
-    plugin.name.should == "foo"
+    expect(plugin.name).to eq("foo")
   end
 
   it "should be able to set and get the description" do
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
       description "bar"
     end
 
-    plugin.description.should == "bar"
+    expect(plugin.description).to eq("bar")
   end
 
   describe "action hooks" do
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
       end
 
       hooks = plugin.action_hook("foo")
-      hooks.length.should == 1
-      hooks[0].call.should == "bar"
+      expect(hooks.length).to eq(1)
+      expect(hooks[0].call).to eq("bar")
     end
   end
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
         command("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.command[:foo].should == "bar"
+      expect(plugin.command[:foo]).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     ["spaces bad", "sym^bols"].each do |bad|
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
         communicator("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.communicator[:foo].should == "bar"
+      expect(plugin.communicator[:foo]).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "should lazily register communicator classes" do
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
         config("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.config[:foo].should == "bar"
+      expect(plugin.config[:foo]).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "should lazily register configuration classes" do
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
         guest("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.guest[:foo].should == "bar"
+      expect(plugin.guest[:foo]).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "should lazily register guest classes" do
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
         host("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.host[:foo].should == "bar"
+      expect(plugin.host[:foo]).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "should lazily register host classes" do
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
         provider("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.provider[:foo].should == "bar"
+      expect(plugin.provider[:foo]).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "should lazily register provider classes" do
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
         provisioner("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.provisioner[:foo].should == "bar"
+      expect(plugin.provisioner[:foo]).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "should lazily register provisioner classes" do
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
     let(:manager) { described_class.manager }
 
     it "should have no registered plugins" do
-      manager.registered.should be_empty
+      expect(manager.registered).to be_empty
     end
 
     it "should register a plugin when a name is set" do
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
         name "foo"
       end
 
-      manager.registered.should == [plugin]
+      expect(manager.registered).to eq([plugin])
     end
 
     it "should register a plugin only once" do
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin do
         name "bar"
       end
 
-      manager.registered.should == [plugin]
+      expect(manager.registered).to eq([plugin])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/provider_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/provider_test.rb
index 2950d9bbf..b30248e5c 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/provider_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/provider_test.rb
@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Provider do
   let(:instance) { described_class.new(machine) }
 
   it "should return nil by default for actions" do
-    instance.action(:whatever).should be_nil
+    expect(instance.action(:whatever)).to be_nil
   end
 
   it "should return nil by default for ssh info" do
-    instance.ssh_info.should be_nil
+    expect(instance.ssh_info).to be_nil
   end
 
   it "should return nil by default for state" do
-    instance.state.should be_nil
+    expect(instance.state).to be_nil
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/command_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/command_test.rb
index a5b9da1ad..58a28a007 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/command_test.rb
@@ -21,20 +21,20 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       result = klass.new(["-f", "foo"], nil).parse_options(opts)
 
       # Check the results
-      options[:f].should be
-      result.should == ["foo"]
+      expect(options[:f]).to be
+      expect(result).to eq(["foo"])
     end
 
     it "creates an option parser if none is given" do
       result = klass.new(["foo"], nil).parse_options(nil)
-      result.should == ["foo"]
+      expect(result).to eq(["foo"])
     end
 
     ["-h", "--help"].each do |help_string|
       it "returns nil and prints the help if '#{help_string}' is given" do
         instance = klass.new([help_string], nil)
-        instance.should_receive(:safe_puts)
-        instance.parse_options(OptionParser.new).should be_nil
+        expect(instance).to receive(:safe_puts)
+        expect(instance.parse_options(OptionParser.new)).to be_nil
       end
     end
 
@@ -82,20 +82,20 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       bar_vm.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
 
       environment.stub(:machine_names => [:foo, :bar])
-      environment.stub(:machine).with(:foo, default_provider).and_return(foo_vm)
-      environment.stub(:machine).with(:bar, default_provider).and_return(bar_vm)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(:foo, default_provider).and_return(foo_vm)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(:bar, default_provider).and_return(bar_vm)
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms do |vm|
         vms << vm
       end
 
-      vms.should == [foo_vm, bar_vm]
+      expect(vms).to eq([foo_vm, bar_vm])
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if the named VM doesn't exist" do
       environment.stub(:machine_names => [:default])
-      environment.stub(:machine).with(:foo, anything).and_return(nil)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(:foo, anything).and_return(nil)
 
       expect { instance.with_target_vms("foo") }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::VMNotFoundError)
@@ -106,11 +106,11 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       foo_vm.stub(:name => "foo", :provider => :foobarbaz)
       foo_vm.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
 
-      environment.stub(:machine).with(:foo, default_provider).and_return(foo_vm)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(:foo, default_provider).and_return(foo_vm)
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms("foo") { |vm| vms << vm }
-      vms.should == [foo_vm]
+      expect(vms).to eq([foo_vm])
     end
 
     it "yields the given VM with proper provider if given" do
@@ -119,11 +119,11 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
 
       foo_vm.stub(:name => "foo", :provider => provider)
       foo_vm.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
-      environment.stub(:machine).with(:foo, provider).and_return(foo_vm)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(:foo, provider).and_return(foo_vm)
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms("foo", :provider => provider) { |vm| vms << vm }
-      vms.should == [foo_vm]
+      expect(vms).to eq([foo_vm])
     end
 
     it "should raise an exception if an active machine exists with a different provider" do
@@ -140,13 +140,13 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       vmware_vm = double("vmware_vm")
 
       environment.stub(:active_machines => [[name, provider]])
-      environment.stub(:machine).with(name, provider).and_return(vmware_vm)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(name, provider).and_return(vmware_vm)
       vmware_vm.stub(:name => name, :provider => provider)
       vmware_vm.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms(name.to_s) { |vm| vms << vm }
-      vms.should == [vmware_vm]
+      expect(vms).to eq([vmware_vm])
     end
 
     it "should use the explicit provider if it maches the active machine" do
@@ -155,25 +155,25 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       vmware_vm = double("vmware_vm")
 
       environment.stub(:active_machines => [[name, provider]])
-      environment.stub(:machine).with(name, provider).and_return(vmware_vm)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(name, provider).and_return(vmware_vm)
       vmware_vm.stub(:name => name, :provider => provider, ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms(name.to_s, :provider => provider) { |vm| vms << vm }
-      vms.should == [vmware_vm]
+      expect(vms).to eq([vmware_vm])
     end
 
     it "should use the default provider if none is given and none are active" do
       name = :foo
       machine = double("machine")
 
-      environment.stub(:machine).with(name, default_provider).and_return(machine)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(name, default_provider).and_return(machine)
       machine.stub(:name => name, :provider => default_provider)
       machine.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
 
       results = []
       instance.with_target_vms(name.to_s) { |m| results << m }
-      results.should == [machine]
+      expect(results).to eq([machine])
     end
 
     it "should use the primary machine with the active provider" do
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       vmware_vm = double("vmware_vm")
 
       environment.stub(:active_machines => [[name, provider]])
-      environment.stub(:machine).with(name, provider).and_return(vmware_vm)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(name, provider).and_return(vmware_vm)
       environment.stub(:machine_names => [])
       environment.stub(:primary_machine_name => name)
       vmware_vm.stub(:name => name, :provider => provider)
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms(nil, :single_target => true) { |vm| vms << vm }
-      vms.should == [vmware_vm]
+      expect(vms).to eq([vmware_vm])
     end
 
     it "should use the primary machine with the default provider" do
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       machine = double("machine")
 
       environment.stub(:active_machines => [])
-      environment.stub(:machine).with(name, default_provider).and_return(machine)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(name, default_provider).and_return(machine)
       environment.stub(:machine_names => [])
       environment.stub(:primary_machine_name => name)
       machine.stub(:name => name, :provider => default_provider)
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms(nil, :single_target => true) { |vm| vms << machine }
-      vms.should == [machine]
+      expect(vms).to eq([machine])
     end
   end
 
@@ -220,27 +220,27 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
 
     it "should work when given all 3 parts" do
       result = instance.split_main_and_subcommand(["-v", "status", "-h", "-v"])
-      result.should == [["-v"], "status", ["-h", "-v"]]
+      expect(result).to eq([["-v"], "status", ["-h", "-v"]])
     end
 
     it "should work when given only a subcommand and args" do
       result = instance.split_main_and_subcommand(["status", "-h"])
-      result.should == [[], "status", ["-h"]]
+      expect(result).to eq([[], "status", ["-h"]])
     end
 
     it "should work when given only main flags" do
       result = instance.split_main_and_subcommand(["-v", "-h"])
-      result.should == [["-v", "-h"], nil, []]
+      expect(result).to eq([["-v", "-h"], nil, []])
     end
 
     it "should work when given only a subcommand" do
       result = instance.split_main_and_subcommand(["status"])
-      result.should == [[], "status", []]
+      expect(result).to eq([[], "status", []])
     end
 
     it "works when there are other non-flag args after the subcommand" do
       result = instance.split_main_and_subcommand(["-v", "box", "add", "-h"])
-      result.should == [["-v"], "box", ["add", "-h"]]
+      expect(result).to eq([["-v"], "box", ["add", "-h"]])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/communicator_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/communicator_test.rb
index 7abf2abc1..2d916ad5e 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/communicator_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/communicator_test.rb
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Communicator do
   let(:machine)  { Object.new }
 
   it "should not match by default" do
-    described_class.match?(machine).should_not be
+    expect(described_class.match?(machine)).not_to be
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/components_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/components_test.rb
index b8dd1837c..b0c0a8737 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/components_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/components_test.rb
@@ -6,16 +6,16 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Components do
   subject { described_class.new }
 
   it "should have synced folders" do
-    subject.synced_folders.should be_kind_of(Vagrant::Registry)
+    expect(subject.synced_folders).to be_kind_of(Vagrant::Registry)
   end
 
   describe "configs" do
     it "should have configs" do
-      subject.configs.should be_kind_of(Hash)
+      expect(subject.configs).to be_kind_of(Hash)
     end
 
     it "should default the values to registries" do
-      subject.configs[:i_probably_dont_exist].should be_kind_of(Vagrant::Registry)
+      expect(subject.configs[:i_probably_dont_exist]).to be_kind_of(Vagrant::Registry)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/config_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/config_test.rb
index cf4a0ced6..68b0d7ae8 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/config_test.rb
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Config do
       two.two = 5
 
       result = one.merge(two)
-      result.one.should == 2
-      result.two.should == 5
+      expect(result.one).to eq(2)
+      expect(result.two).to eq(5)
     end
 
     it "prefers any set value over an UNSET_VALUE" do
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Config do
       two.two = 5
 
       result = one.merge(two)
-      result.one.should == 1
-      result.two.should == 5
+      expect(result.one).to eq(1)
+      expect(result.two).to eq(5)
     end
 
     it "doesn't merge values that start with a double underscore" do
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Config do
 
       # Merge and verify
       result = one.merge(two)
-      result.one.should == 1
-      result.two.should == 2
-      result.instance_variable_get(:@__bar).should be_nil
+      expect(result.one).to eq(1)
+      expect(result.two).to eq(2)
+      expect(result.instance_variable_get(:@__bar)).to be_nil
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/manager_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/manager_test.rb
index 4dca40cb1..9d9903e6e 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/manager_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/manager_test.rb
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager do
       instance.register(pB)
 
       result = instance.action_hooks(nil)
-      result.length.should == 2
-      result[0].call.should == "bar"
-      result[1].call.should == "baz"
+      expect(result.length).to eq(2)
+      expect(result[0].call).to eq("bar")
+      expect(result[1].call).to eq("baz")
     end
 
     it "should contain specific hooks with globally registered hooks" do
@@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager do
       instance.register(pB)
 
       result = instance.action_hooks(:foo)
-      result.length.should == 3
-      result[0].call.should == "bar"
-      result[1].call.should == "bar_foo"
-      result[2].call.should == "baz"
+      expect(result.length).to eq(3)
+      expect(result[0].call).to eq("bar")
+      expect(result[1].call).to eq("bar_foo")
+      expect(result[2].call).to eq("baz")
     end
   end
 
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.communicators.to_hash.length.should == 2
-    instance.communicators[:foo].should == "bar"
-    instance.communicators[:bar].should == "baz"
+    expect(instance.communicators.to_hash.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.communicators[:foo]).to eq("bar")
+    expect(instance.communicators[:bar]).to eq("baz")
   end
 
   it "should enumerate registered configuration classes" do
@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.config.to_hash.length.should == 2
-    instance.config[:foo].should == "bar"
-    instance.config[:bar].should == "baz"
+    expect(instance.config.to_hash.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.config[:foo]).to eq("bar")
+    expect(instance.config[:bar]).to eq("baz")
   end
 
   it "should enumerate registered guest classes" do
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.guests.to_hash.length.should == 2
-    instance.guests[:foo].should == ["bar", nil]
-    instance.guests[:bar].should == ["baz", :foo]
+    expect(instance.guests.to_hash.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.guests[:foo]).to eq(["bar", nil])
+    expect(instance.guests[:bar]).to eq(["baz", :foo])
   end
 
   it "should enumerate registered guest capabilities" do
@@ -115,9 +115,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.guest_capabilities.length.should == 2
-    instance.guest_capabilities[:foo][:foo].should == "bar"
-    instance.guest_capabilities[:bar][:foo].should == "baz"
+    expect(instance.guest_capabilities.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.guest_capabilities[:foo][:foo]).to eq("bar")
+    expect(instance.guest_capabilities[:bar][:foo]).to eq("baz")
   end
 
   it "should enumerate registered host classes" do
@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.hosts.to_hash.length.should == 2
-    instance.hosts[:foo].should == ["bar", nil]
-    instance.hosts[:bar].should == ["baz", :foo]
+    expect(instance.hosts.to_hash.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.hosts[:foo]).to eq(["bar", nil])
+    expect(instance.hosts[:bar]).to eq(["baz", :foo])
   end
 
   it "should enumerate registered host capabilities" do
@@ -149,9 +149,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.host_capabilities.length.should == 2
-    instance.host_capabilities[:foo][:foo].should == "bar"
-    instance.host_capabilities[:bar][:foo].should == "baz"
+    expect(instance.host_capabilities.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.host_capabilities[:foo][:foo]).to eq("bar")
+    expect(instance.host_capabilities[:bar][:foo]).to eq("baz")
   end
 
   it "should enumerate registered provider classes" do
@@ -166,9 +166,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.providers.to_hash.length.should == 2
-    instance.providers[:foo].should == ["bar", {}]
-    instance.providers[:bar].should == ["baz", { foo: "bar" }]
+    expect(instance.providers.to_hash.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.providers[:foo]).to eq(["bar", {}])
+    expect(instance.providers[:bar]).to eq(["baz", { foo: "bar" }])
   end
 
   it "provides the collection of registered provider configs" do
@@ -184,9 +184,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.provider_configs.to_hash.length.should == 2
-    instance.provider_configs[:foo].should == "foo"
-    instance.provider_configs[:bar].should == "bar"
+    expect(instance.provider_configs.to_hash.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.provider_configs[:foo]).to eq("foo")
+    expect(instance.provider_configs[:bar]).to eq("bar")
   end
 
   it "should enumerate all registered synced folder implementations" do
@@ -201,8 +201,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager do
     instance.register(pA)
     instance.register(pB)
 
-    instance.synced_folders.to_hash.length.should == 2
-    instance.synced_folders[:foo].should == ["bar", 10]
-    instance.synced_folders[:bar].should == ["baz", 50]
+    expect(instance.synced_folders.to_hash.length).to eq(2)
+    expect(instance.synced_folders[:foo]).to eq(["bar", 10])
+    expect(instance.synced_folders[:bar]).to eq(["baz", 50])
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/plugin_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/plugin_test.rb
index 3341bf87d..a8b3159e6 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/plugin_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/plugin_test.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
       name "foo"
     end
 
-    plugin.name.should == "foo"
+    expect(plugin.name).to eq("foo")
   end
 
   it "should be able to set and get the description" do
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
       description "bar"
     end
 
-    plugin.description.should == "bar"
+    expect(plugin.description).to eq("bar")
   end
 
   describe "action hooks" do
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
 
       hooks_registry = plugin.components.action_hooks
       hooks = hooks_registry[described_class.const_get("ALL_ACTIONS")]
-      hooks.length.should == 1
-      hooks[0].call.should == "bar"
+      expect(hooks.length).to eq(1)
+      expect(hooks[0].call).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "should register for a specific action by default" do
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
 
       hooks_registry = plugin.components.action_hooks
       hooks = hooks_registry[:bar]
-      hooks.length.should == 1
-      hooks[0].call.should == "bar"
+      expect(hooks.length).to eq(1)
+      expect(hooks[0].call).to eq("bar")
     end
   end
 
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         communicator("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.communicator[:foo].should == "bar"
+      expect(plugin.communicator[:foo]).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "should lazily register communicator classes" do
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         config("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.components.configs[:top][:foo].should == "bar"
+      expect(plugin.components.configs[:top][:foo]).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "should lazily register configuration classes" do
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         config("foo", :provider) { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.components.configs[:provider][:foo].should == "bar"
+      expect(plugin.components.configs[:provider][:foo]).to eq("bar")
     end
   end
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         guest("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.components.guests[:foo].should == ["bar", nil]
+      expect(plugin.components.guests[:foo]).to eq(["bar", nil])
     end
 
     it "should lazily register guest classes" do
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         guest_capability("foo", "bar") { "baz" }
       end
 
-      plugin.components.guest_capabilities[:foo][:bar].should == "baz"
+      expect(plugin.components.guest_capabilities[:foo][:bar]).to eq("baz")
     end
   end
 
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         host("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.components.hosts[:foo].should == ["bar", nil]
+      expect(plugin.components.hosts[:foo]).to eq(["bar", nil])
     end
 
     it "should lazily register host classes" do
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         host_capability("foo", "bar") { "baz" }
       end
 
-      plugin.components.host_capabilities[:foo][:bar].should == "baz"
+      expect(plugin.components.host_capabilities[:foo][:bar]).to eq("baz")
     end
   end
 
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         provider("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.components.providers[:foo].should == ["bar", {}]
+      expect(plugin.components.providers[:foo]).to eq(["bar", {}])
     end
 
     it "should register provider classes with options" do
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         provider("foo", foo: "yep") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.components.providers[:foo].should == ["bar", { foo: "yep" }]
+      expect(plugin.components.providers[:foo]).to eq(["bar", { foo: "yep" }])
     end
 
     it "should lazily register provider classes" do
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         provider_capability("foo", "bar") { "baz" }
       end
 
-      plugin.components.provider_capabilities[:foo][:bar].should == "baz"
+      expect(plugin.components.provider_capabilities[:foo][:bar]).to eq("baz")
     end
   end
 
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         provisioner("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.provisioner[:foo].should == "bar"
+      expect(plugin.provisioner[:foo]).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "should lazily register provisioner classes" do
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         synced_folder("foo") { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.components.synced_folders[:foo].should == ["bar", 10]
+      expect(plugin.components.synced_folders[:foo]).to eq(["bar", 10])
     end
 
     it "should be able to specify priorities" do
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         synced_folder("foo", 50) { "bar" }
       end
 
-      plugin.components.synced_folders[:foo].should == ["bar", 50]
+      expect(plugin.components.synced_folders[:foo]).to eq(["bar", 50])
     end
 
     it "should lazily register implementations" do
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
     let(:manager) { described_class.manager }
 
     it "should have no registered plugins" do
-      manager.registered.should be_empty
+      expect(manager.registered).to be_empty
     end
 
     it "should register a plugin when a name is set" do
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         name "foo"
       end
 
-      manager.registered.should == [plugin]
+      expect(manager.registered).to eq([plugin])
     end
 
     it "should register a plugin only once" do
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         name "bar"
       end
 
-      manager.registered.should == [plugin]
+      expect(manager.registered).to eq([plugin])
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/provider_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/provider_test.rb
index 489a3ba94..77b7ab5d7 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/provider_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/provider_test.rb
@@ -9,15 +9,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Provider do
   subject { instance }
 
   it "should return nil by default for actions" do
-    instance.action(:whatever).should be_nil
+    expect(instance.action(:whatever)).to be_nil
   end
 
   it "should return nil by default for ssh info" do
-    instance.ssh_info.should be_nil
+    expect(instance.ssh_info).to be_nil
   end
 
   it "should return nil by default for state" do
-    instance.state.should be_nil
+    expect(instance.state).to be_nil
   end
 
   context "capabilities" do
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/registry_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/registry_test.rb
index b6aa8c6eb..d12f46ffe 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/registry_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/registry_test.rb
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ describe Vagrant::Registry do
   let(:instance) { described_class.new }
 
   it "should return nil for nonexistent items" do
-    instance.get("foo").should be_nil
+    expect(instance.get("foo")).to be_nil
   end
 
   it "should register a simple key/value" do
     instance.register("foo") { "value" }
-    instance.get("foo").should == "value"
+    expect(instance.get("foo")).to eq("value")
   end
 
   it "should register an item without calling the block yet" do
@@ -31,21 +31,21 @@ describe Vagrant::Registry do
       object
     end
 
-    instance.get("foo").should eql(object)
+    expect(instance.get("foo")).to eql(object)
   end
 
   it "should be able to get the item with []" do
     object = Object.new
     instance.register("foo") { object }
 
-    instance["foo"].should eql(object)
+    expect(instance["foo"]).to eql(object)
   end
 
   it "should be able to get keys with #keys" do
     instance.register("foo") { "bar" }
     instance.register("baz") { raise "BOOM" }
 
-    instance.keys.sort.should == [ 'baz', 'foo' ]
+    expect(instance.keys.sort).to eq([ 'baz', 'foo' ])
   end
 
   it "should cache the result of the item so they can be modified" do
@@ -54,15 +54,15 @@ describe Vagrant::Registry do
 
     # Test that modifying the result modifies the actual cached
     # value. This verifies we're caching.
-    instance.get("foo").should == []
+    expect(instance.get("foo")).to eq([])
     instance.get("foo") << "value"
-    instance.get("foo").should == ["value"]
+    expect(instance.get("foo")).to eq(["value"])
   end
 
   it "should be able to check if a key exists" do
     instance.register("foo") { "bar" }
-    instance.should have_key("foo")
-    instance.should_not have_key("bar")
+    expect(instance).to have_key("foo")
+    expect(instance).not_to have_key("bar")
   end
 
   it "should be enumerable" do
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Registry do
       values << value
     end
 
-    keys.sort.should == ["bar", "foo"]
-    values.sort.should == ["barvalue", "foovalue"]
+    expect(keys.sort).to eq(["bar", "foo"])
+    expect(values.sort).to eq(["barvalue", "foovalue"])
   end
 
   it "should be able to convert to a hash" do
@@ -85,9 +85,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Registry do
     instance.register("bar") { "barvalue" }
 
     result = instance.to_hash
-    result.should be_a(Hash)
-    result["foo"].should == "foovalue"
-    result["bar"].should == "barvalue"
+    expect(result).to be_a(Hash)
+    expect(result["foo"]).to eq("foovalue")
+    expect(result["bar"]).to eq("barvalue")
   end
 
   describe "merging" do
@@ -114,8 +114,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Registry do
       two["bar"] << 2
 
       three = one.merge(two)
-      three["foo"].should == []
-      three["bar"].should == []
+      expect(three["foo"]).to eq([])
+      expect(three["bar"]).to eq([])
     end
   end
 
@@ -128,8 +128,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Registry do
       two.register("bar") { "bar" }
 
       one.merge!(two)
-      one["foo"].should == "foo"
-      one["bar"].should == "bar"
+      expect(one["foo"]).to eq("foo")
+      expect(one["bar"]).to eq("bar")
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/ui_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/ui_test.rb
index c7c75d158..074f6ee49 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/ui_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/ui_test.rb
@@ -5,55 +5,55 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Basic do
     it "outputs within the a new thread" do
       current = Thread.current.object_id
 
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |*args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |*args|
         expect(Thread.current.object_id).to_not eq(current)
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.output("foo")
     end
 
     it "outputs using `puts` by default" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
         expect(opts[:printer]).to eq(:puts)
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.output("foo")
     end
 
     it "outputs using `print` if new_line is false" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
         expect(opts[:printer]).to eq(:print)
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.output("foo", new_line: false)
     end
 
     it "outputs using `print` if new_line is false" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
         expect(opts[:printer]).to eq(:print)
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.output("foo", new_line: false)
     end
 
     it "outputs to stdout" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
         expect(opts[:io]).to be($stdout)
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.output("foo")
     end
 
     it "outputs to stderr for errors" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
         expect(opts[:io]).to be($stderr)
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.error("foo")
     end
@@ -61,16 +61,16 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Basic do
 
   context "#detail" do
     it "outputs details" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
         expect(message).to eq("foo")
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.detail("foo")
     end
 
     it "doesn't output details if disabled" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).never
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).never
 
       subject.opts[:hide_detail] = true
       subject.detail("foo")
@@ -83,15 +83,15 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
 
   describe "#detail" do
     it "colors output nothing by default" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with("\033[0mfoo\033[0m", anything)
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with("\033[0mfoo\033[0m", anything)
       subject.detail("foo")
     end
 
     it "does not bold by default with a color" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;31m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.detail("foo", color: :red)
     end
@@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
 
   describe "#error" do
     it "colors red" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;31m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.error("foo")
     end
@@ -110,27 +110,27 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
 
   describe "#output" do
     it "colors output nothing by default, no bold" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with("\033[0mfoo\033[0m", anything)
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with("\033[0mfoo\033[0m", anything)
       subject.output("foo")
     end
 
     it "doesn't use a color if default color" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with("\033[0mfoo\033[0m", anything)
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with("\033[0mfoo\033[0m", anything)
       subject.output("foo", color: :default)
     end
 
     it "bolds output without color if specified" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with("\033[1mfoo\033[0m", anything)
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with("\033[1mfoo\033[0m", anything)
       subject.output("foo", bold: true)
     end
 
     it "colors output to color specified in global opts" do
       subject.opts[:color] = :red
 
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;31m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.output("foo")
     end
@@ -138,10 +138,10 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
     it "colors output to specified color over global opts" do
       subject.opts[:color] = :red
 
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;32m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.output("foo", color: :green)
     end
@@ -149,10 +149,10 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
     it "bolds the output if specified" do
       subject.opts[:color] = :red
 
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[1;31m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.output("foo", bold: true)
     end
@@ -160,10 +160,10 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
 
   describe "#success" do
     it "colors green" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;32m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.success("foo")
     end
@@ -171,10 +171,10 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
 
   describe "#warn" do
     it "colors yellow" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;33m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.warn("foo")
     end
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::MachineReadable do
 
   describe "#machine" do
     it "is formatted properly" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message|
         parts = message.split(",")
         expect(parts.length).to eq(5)
         expect(parts[1]).to eq("")
@@ -199,42 +199,42 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::MachineReadable do
         expect(parts[3]).to eq("data")
         expect(parts[4]).to eq("another")
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.machine(:type, "data", "another")
     end
 
     it "includes a target if given" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message|
         parts = message.split(",")
         expect(parts.length).to eq(4)
         expect(parts[1]).to eq("boom")
         expect(parts[2]).to eq("type")
         expect(parts[3]).to eq("data")
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.machine(:type, "data", target: "boom")
     end
 
     it "replaces commas" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message|
         parts = message.split(",")
         expect(parts.length).to eq(4)
         expect(parts[3]).to eq("foo%!(VAGRANT_COMMA)bar")
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.machine(:type, "foo,bar")
     end
 
     it "replaces newlines" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message|
         parts = message.split(",")
         expect(parts.length).to eq(4)
         expect(parts[3]).to eq("foo\\nbar\\r")
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.machine(:type, "foo\nbar\r")
     end
@@ -242,12 +242,12 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::MachineReadable do
     # This is for a bug where JSON parses are frozen and an
     # exception was being raised.
     it "works properly with frozen string arguments" do
-      subject.should_receive(:safe_puts).with do |message|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message|
         parts = message.split(",")
         expect(parts.length).to eq(4)
         expect(parts[3]).to eq("foo\\nbar\\r")
         true
-      end
+      }
 
       subject.machine(:type, "foo\nbar\r".freeze)
     end
@@ -269,36 +269,36 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Prefixed do
 
   describe "#ask" do
     it "does not request bolding" do
-      ui.should_receive(:ask).with("    #{prefix}: foo", bold: false)
+      expect(ui).to receive(:ask).with("    #{prefix}: foo", bold: false)
       subject.ask("foo")
     end
   end
 
   describe "#detail" do
     it "prefixes with spaces and the message" do
-      ui.should_receive(:safe_puts).with("    #{prefix}: foo", anything)
+      expect(ui).to receive(:safe_puts).with("    #{prefix}: foo", anything)
       subject.detail("foo")
     end
 
     it "prefixes every line" do
-      ui.should_receive(:detail).with("    #{prefix}: foo\n    #{prefix}: bar", bold: false)
+      expect(ui).to receive(:detail).with("    #{prefix}: foo\n    #{prefix}: bar", bold: false)
       subject.detail("foo\nbar")
     end
 
     it "doesn't prefix if requested" do
-      ui.should_receive(:detail).with("foo", prefix: false, bold: false)
+      expect(ui).to receive(:detail).with("foo", prefix: false, bold: false)
       subject.detail("foo", prefix: false)
     end
   end
 
   describe "#machine" do
     it "sets the target option" do
-      ui.should_receive(:machine).with(:foo, target: prefix)
+      expect(ui).to receive(:machine).with(:foo, target: prefix)
       subject.machine(:foo)
     end
 
     it "preserves existing options" do
-      ui.should_receive(:machine).with(:foo, :bar, foo: :bar, target: prefix)
+      expect(ui).to receive(:machine).with(:foo, :bar, foo: :bar, target: prefix)
       subject.machine(:foo, :bar, foo: :bar)
     end
   end
@@ -312,33 +312,33 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Prefixed do
 
   describe "#output" do
     it "prefixes with an arrow and the message" do
-      ui.should_receive(:output).with("==> #{prefix}: foo", anything)
+      expect(ui).to receive(:output).with("==> #{prefix}: foo", anything)
       subject.output("foo")
     end
 
     it "prefixes with spaces if requested" do
-      ui.should_receive(:output).with("    #{prefix}: foo", anything)
+      expect(ui).to receive(:output).with("    #{prefix}: foo", anything)
       subject.output("foo", prefix_spaces: true)
     end
 
     it "prefixes every line" do
-      ui.should_receive(:output).with("==> #{prefix}: foo\n==> #{prefix}: bar", anything)
+      expect(ui).to receive(:output).with("==> #{prefix}: foo\n==> #{prefix}: bar", anything)
       subject.output("foo\nbar")
     end
 
     it "doesn't prefix if requestsed" do
-      ui.should_receive(:output).with("foo", prefix: false, bold: true)
+      expect(ui).to receive(:output).with("foo", prefix: false, bold: true)
       subject.output("foo", prefix: false)
     end
 
     it "requests bolding" do
-      ui.should_receive(:output).with("==> #{prefix}: foo", bold: true)
+      expect(ui).to receive(:output).with("==> #{prefix}: foo", bold: true)
       subject.output("foo")
     end
 
     it "does not request bolding if class-level disabled" do
       ui.opts[:bold] = false
-      ui.should_receive(:output).with("==> #{prefix}: foo", {})
+      expect(ui).to receive(:output).with("==> #{prefix}: foo", {})
       subject.output("foo")
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/ansi_escape_code_remover_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/ansi_escape_code_remover_test.rb
index 8c6e3bcfd..5b08f92e4 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/ansi_escape_code_remover_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/ansi_escape_code_remover_test.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::ANSIEscapeCodeRemover do
   end
 
   it "should remove ANSI escape codes" do
-    klass.remove_ansi_escape_codes("\e[Hyo").should == "yo"
+    expect(klass.remove_ansi_escape_codes("\e[Hyo")).to eq("yo")
   end
 end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/downloader_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/downloader_test.rb
index 999eb4b97..ad0f95ab3 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/downloader_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/downloader_test.rb
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Downloader do
   subject { described_class.new(source, destination) }
 
   before :each do
-    Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.stub(:execute).and_return(subprocess_result)
+    allow(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).and_return(subprocess_result)
   end
 
   describe "#download!" do
@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Downloader do
       let(:exit_code) { 0 }
 
       it "downloads the file and returns true" do
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).
           with("curl", *curl_options).
           and_return(subprocess_result)
 
-        subject.download!.should be
+        expect(subject.download!).to be
       end
     end
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Downloader do
       let(:exit_code) { 1 }
 
       it "raises an exception" do
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).
           with("curl", *curl_options).
           and_return(subprocess_result)
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Downloader do
         curl_options.insert(i, "foo:bar")
         curl_options.insert(i, "-u")
 
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).
           with("curl", *curl_options).
           and_return(subprocess_result)
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Downloader do
       options = curl_options.dup
       options.unshift("-I")
 
-      Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute).
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).
         with("curl", *options).and_return(subprocess_result)
 
       expect(subject.head).to eq("foo")
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/file_checksum_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/file_checksum_test.rb
index fa20d800b..6812d02a9 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/file_checksum_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/file_checksum_test.rb
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ describe FileChecksum do
 
     # Check multiple digests
     instance = described_class.new(file, Digest::MD5)
-    instance.checksum.should == "9ac96c64417b5976a58839eceaa77956"
+    expect(instance.checksum).to eq("9ac96c64417b5976a58839eceaa77956")
 
     instance = described_class.new(file, Digest::SHA1)
-    instance.checksum.should == "264b207c7913e461c43d0f63d2512f4017af4755"
+    expect(instance.checksum).to eq("264b207c7913e461c43d0f63d2512f4017af4755")
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/hash_with_indifferent_access_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/hash_with_indifferent_access_test.rb
index 82356dc00..397773eed 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/hash_with_indifferent_access_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/hash_with_indifferent_access_test.rb
@@ -6,25 +6,25 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::HashWithIndifferentAccess do
   let(:instance) { described_class.new }
 
   it "is a Hash" do
-    instance.should be_kind_of(Hash)
+    expect(instance).to be_kind_of(Hash)
   end
 
   it "allows indifferent access when setting with a string" do
     instance["foo"] = "bar"
-    instance[:foo].should == "bar"
+    expect(instance[:foo]).to eq("bar")
   end
 
   it "allows indifferent access when setting with a symbol" do
     instance[:foo] = "bar"
-    instance["foo"].should == "bar"
+    expect(instance["foo"]).to eq("bar")
   end
 
   it "allows indifferent key lookup" do
     instance["foo"] = "bar"
-    instance.key?(:foo).should be
-    instance.has_key?(:foo).should be
-    instance.include?(:foo).should be
-    instance.member?(:foo).should be
+    expect(instance.key?(:foo)).to be
+    expect(instance.has_key?(:foo)).to be
+    expect(instance.include?(:foo)).to be
+    expect(instance.member?(:foo)).to be
   end
 
   it "allows for defaults to be passed in via an initializer block" do
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::HashWithIndifferentAccess do
       h[k] = "foo"
     end
 
-    instance[:foo].should == "foo"
-    instance["bar"].should == "foo"
+    expect(instance[:foo]).to eq("foo")
+    expect(instance["bar"]).to eq("foo")
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/is_port_open_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/is_port_open_test.rb
index 113294b60..71ee1db3b 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/is_port_open_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/is_port_open_test.rb
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::IsPortOpen do
     end
 
     # Verify that we report the port is open
-    klass.is_port_open?("localhost", open_port).should be
+    expect(klass.is_port_open?("localhost", open_port)).to be
 
     # Kill the thread
     thr[:die] = true
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::IsPortOpen do
     # This CAN fail, since port 52811 might actually be in use, but I'm
     # not sure what to do except choose some random port and hope for the
     # best, really.
-    klass.is_port_open?("localhost", closed_port).should_not be
+    expect(klass.is_port_open?("localhost", closed_port)).not_to be
   end
 end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/line_endings_helper_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/line_endings_helper_test.rb
index 29454a323..c1b5bdf27 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/line_endings_helper_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/line_endings_helper_test.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::LineEndingHelpers do
   end
 
   it "should convert DOS to unix-style line endings" do
-    klass.dos_to_unix("foo\r\nbar\r\n").should == "foo\nbar\n"
+    expect(klass.dos_to_unix("foo\r\nbar\r\n")).to eq("foo\nbar\n")
   end
 end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/network_ip_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/network_ip_test.rb
index 0100f6f78..a4ff8944c 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/network_ip_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/network_ip_test.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::NetworkIP do
 
   describe "network address" do
     it "calculates it properly" do
-      klass.network_address("192.168.2.234", "255.255.255.0").should == "192.168.2.0"
+      expect(klass.network_address("192.168.2.234", "255.255.255.0")).to eq("192.168.2.0")
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/retryable_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/retryable_test.rb
index d312a429b..ba7a86460 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/retryable_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/retryable_test.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Retryable do
       to raise_error(RuntimeError)
 
     # It should've tried once
-    tries.should == 1
+    expect(tries).to eq(1)
   end
 
   it "retries the set number of times" do
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Retryable do
       to raise_error(RuntimeError)
 
     # It should've tried all specified times
-    tries.should == 5
+    expect(tries).to eq(5)
   end
 
   it "only retries on the given exception" do
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Retryable do
       to raise_error(StandardError)
 
     # It should've never tried since it was a different kind of error
-    tries.should == 1
+    expect(tries).to eq(1)
   end
 
   it "can retry on multiple types of errors" do
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Retryable do
       to raise_error(RuntimeError)
 
     # It should've never tried since it was a different kind of error
-    tries.should == 3
+    expect(tries).to eq(3)
   end
 
   it "doesn't sleep between tries by default" do
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Retryable do
     end
 
     # Sleep should never be called
-    klass.should_not_receive(:sleep)
+    expect(klass).not_to receive(:sleep)
 
     # Run it.
     expect { klass.retryable(:tries => 5, &block) }.
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Retryable do
     end
 
     # Sleep should be called between each retry
-    klass.should_receive(:sleep).with(10).exactly(4).times
+    expect(klass).to receive(:sleep).with(10).exactly(4).times
 
     # Run it.
     expect { klass.retryable(:tries => 5, :sleep => 10, &block) }.
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/safe_chdir_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/safe_chdir_test.rb
index ae022a420..d1025a905 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/safe_chdir_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/safe_chdir_test.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::SafeChdir do
       result = Dir.pwd
     end
 
-    result.should == expected
+    expect(result).to eq(expected)
   end
 
   it "should allow recursive chdir" do
@@ -38,6 +38,6 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::SafeChdir do
       end
     end.to_not raise_error
 
-    result.should == expected
+    expect(result).to eq(expected)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/scoped_hash_override_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/scoped_hash_override_test.rb
index bdf277503..246e187e3 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/scoped_hash_override_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/scoped_hash_override_test.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::ScopedHashOverride do
       :another_value => "foo"
     }
 
-    klass.scoped_hash_override(original, "foo").should == original
+    expect(klass.scoped_hash_override(original, "foo")).to eq(original)
   end
 
   it "should override if the scope matches" do
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::ScopedHashOverride do
       :key => "replaced"
     }
 
-    klass.scoped_hash_override(original, "scope").should == expected
+    expect(klass.scoped_hash_override(original, "scope")).to eq(expected)
   end
 
   it "should ignore non-matching scopes" do
@@ -43,6 +43,6 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::ScopedHashOverride do
       :another__key => "value"
     }
 
-    klass.scoped_hash_override(original, "scope").should == expected
+    expect(klass.scoped_hash_override(original, "scope")).to eq(expected)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/ssh_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/ssh_test.rb
index 76da0ea6d..b2f2f853a 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/ssh_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/ssh_test.rb
@@ -10,21 +10,21 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::SSH do
     let(:key_path) { temporary_file }
 
     it "should do nothing on Windows" do
-      Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(:windows?).and_return(true)
+      allow(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:windows?).and_return(true)
 
       key_path.chmod(0700)
 
       # Get the mode now and verify that it is untouched afterwards
       mode = key_path.stat.mode
       described_class.check_key_permissions(key_path)
-      key_path.stat.mode.should == mode
+      expect(key_path.stat.mode).to eq(mode)
     end
 
     it "should fix the permissions", :skip_windows do
       key_path.chmod(0644)
 
       described_class.check_key_permissions(key_path)
-      key_path.stat.mode.should == 0100600
+      expect(key_path.stat.mode).to eq(0100600)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/string_block_editor_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/string_block_editor_test.rb
index f7b1f9221..b31368b9c 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/string_block_editor_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/string_block_editor_test.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ content
 # VAGRANT-END: bar
 DATA
 
-      described_class.new(data).keys.should == ["foo", "bar"]
+      expect(described_class.new(data).keys).to eq(["foo", "bar"])
     end
   end
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ DATA
 
       instance = described_class.new(data)
       instance.delete("key")
-      instance.value.should == data
+      expect(instance.value).to eq(data)
     end
 
     it "should delete the matching blocks if they exist" do
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ DATA
 
       instance = described_class.new(data)
       instance.delete("foo")
-      instance.value.should == new_data
+      expect(instance.value).to eq(new_data)
     end
   end
 
@@ -70,16 +70,16 @@ DATA
     subject { described_class.new(data) }
 
     it "should get the value" do
-      subject.get("bar").should == "content"
+      expect(subject.get("bar")).to eq("content")
     end
 
     it "should get nil for nonexistent values" do
-      subject.get("baz").should be_nil
+      expect(subject.get("baz")).to be_nil
     end
 
     it "should get complicated keys" do
       result = subject.get("/Users/studio/Projects (studio)/tubes/.vagrant/machines/web/vmware_fusion/vm.vmwarevm")
-      result.should == "complex"
+      expect(result).to eq("complex")
     end
   end
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ DATA
 
       instance = described_class.new(data)
       instance.insert("foo", "value")
-      instance.value.should == new_data
+      expect(instance.value).to eq(new_data)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/which_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/which_test.rb
index 759f8f8a6..7a7d17b87 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/which_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/which_test.rb
@@ -23,21 +23,21 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Which do
 
   it "should return a path for an executable file" do
     tester '.bat', '.bat', 0755 do |name|
-      described_class.which(name).should_not be_nil
+      expect(described_class.which(name)).not_to be_nil
     end
   end
 
   if Vagrant::Util::Platform.windows?
     it "should return a path for a Windows executable file" do
       tester '.bat', '', 0755 do |name|
-        described_class.which(name).should_not be_nil
+        expect(described_class.which(name)).not_to be_nil
       end
     end
   end
 
   it "should return nil for a non-executable file" do
     tester '.txt', '.txt', 0644 do |name|
-      described_class.which(name).should be_nil
+      expect(described_class.which(name)).to be_nil
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/vagrantfile_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/vagrantfile_test.rb
index 7fbaa085e..c9b9b913f 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/vagrantfile_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/vagrantfile_test.rb
@@ -79,12 +79,35 @@ describe Vagrant::Vagrantfile do
       VF
     end
 
-    its(:data_dir) { should eq(data_path) }
-    its(:env)      { should equal(env)    }
-    its(:name)     { should eq(:default)  }
-    its(:provider) { should be_kind_of(@provider_cls) }
-    its(:provider_name) { should eq(:foo) }
-    its(:vagrantfile) { should equal(vagrantfile) }
+    describe '#data_dir' do
+      subject { super().data_dir }
+      it { should eq(data_path) }
+    end
+
+    describe '#env' do
+      subject { super().env }
+      it      { should equal(env)    }
+    end
+
+    describe '#name' do
+      subject { super().name }
+      it     { should eq(:default)  }
+    end
+
+    describe '#provider' do
+      subject { super().provider }
+      it { should be_kind_of(@provider_cls) }
+    end
+
+    describe '#provider_name' do
+      subject { super().provider_name }
+      it { should eq(:foo) }
+    end
+
+    describe '#vagrantfile' do
+      subject { super().vagrantfile }
+      it { should equal(vagrantfile) }
+    end
 
     it "has the proper box" do
       expect(subject.box.name).to eq("foo")
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant_test.rb
index 80fb0046f..adc42175e 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant_test.rb
@@ -4,40 +4,40 @@ describe Vagrant do
   include_context "unit"
 
   it "has the path to the source root" do
-    described_class.source_root.should == Pathname.new(File.expand_path("../../../", __FILE__))
+    expect(described_class.source_root).to eq(Pathname.new(File.expand_path("../../../", __FILE__)))
   end
 
   describe "plugin superclass" do
     describe "v1" do
       it "returns the proper class for version 1" do
-        described_class.plugin("1").should == Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin
+        expect(described_class.plugin("1")).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Plugin)
       end
 
       it "returns the proper components for version 1" do
-        described_class.plugin("1", :command).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Command
-        described_class.plugin("1", :communicator).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Communicator
-        described_class.plugin("1", :config).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Config
-        described_class.plugin("1", :guest).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Guest
-        described_class.plugin("1", :host).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Host
-        described_class.plugin("1", :provider).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Provider
-        described_class.plugin("1", :provisioner).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Provisioner
+        expect(described_class.plugin("1", :command)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Command)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("1", :communicator)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Communicator)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("1", :config)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Config)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("1", :guest)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Guest)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("1", :host)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Host)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("1", :provider)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Provider)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("1", :provisioner)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Provisioner)
       end
     end
 
     describe "v2" do
       it "returns the proper class for version 2" do
-        described_class.plugin("2").should == Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin
+        expect(described_class.plugin("2")).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin)
       end
 
       it "returns the proper components for version 2" do
-        described_class.plugin("2", :command).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command
-        described_class.plugin("2", :communicator).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Communicator
-        described_class.plugin("2", :config).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Config
-        described_class.plugin("2", :guest).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Guest
-        described_class.plugin("2", :host).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Host
-        described_class.plugin("2", :provider).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Provider
-        described_class.plugin("2", :provisioner).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Provisioner
-        described_class.plugin("2", :synced_folder).should == Vagrant::Plugin::V2::SyncedFolder
+        expect(described_class.plugin("2", :command)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("2", :communicator)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Communicator)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("2", :config)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Config)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("2", :guest)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Guest)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("2", :host)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Host)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("2", :provider)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Provider)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("2", :provisioner)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Provisioner)
+        expect(described_class.plugin("2", :synced_folder)).to eq(Vagrant::Plugin::V2::SyncedFolder)
       end
     end