diff --git a/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base.rb b/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base.rb
index 4adb0d148..370736fd6 100644
--- a/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base.rb
+++ b/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
-require "vagrant/util/counter"
-
 module VagrantPlugins
   module Chef
     module Config
       class Base < Vagrant.plugin("2", :config)
-        extend Vagrant::Util::Counter
-
         # The path to Chef's bin/ directory.
         # @return [String]
         attr_accessor :binary_path
@@ -48,11 +44,11 @@ module VagrantPlugins
         # @return [String]
         attr_accessor :version
 
-        # The path where the Chef installer will be downloaded to. Only valid if 
+        # The path where the Chef installer will be downloaded to. Only valid if
         # install is true or "force". It defaults to nil, which means that the
-        # omnibus installer will choose the destination and you have no control 
-        # over it. 
-        # 
+        # omnibus installer will choose the destination and you have no control
+        # over it.
+        #
         # @return [String]
         attr_accessor :installer_download_path
 
diff --git a/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base_runner.rb b/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base_runner.rb
index 334c9b739..12ac0aabd 100644
--- a/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base_runner.rb
+++ b/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base_runner.rb
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ module VagrantPlugins
           @https_proxy_pass   = nil if @https_proxy_pass == UNSET_VALUE
           @no_proxy           = nil if @no_proxy == UNSET_VALUE
           @node_name          = nil if @node_name == UNSET_VALUE
-          @provisioning_path  = nil if @provisioning_path == UNSET_VALUE
+          @provisioning_path = "/tmp/vagrant-chef" if @provisioning_path == UNSET_VALUE
           @file_backup_path   = "/var/chef/backup" if @file_backup_path == UNSET_VALUE
           @file_cache_path    = "/var/chef/cache"  if @file_cache_path == UNSET_VALUE
           @verbose_logging    = false if @verbose_logging == UNSET_VALUE
@@ -89,12 +89,6 @@ module VagrantPlugins
           if @encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path == UNSET_VALUE
             @encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path = nil
           end
-
-          # Set the default provisioning path to be a unique path in /tmp
-          if !@provisioning_path
-            counter = self.class.get_and_update_counter(:chef_config)
-            @provisioning_path = "/tmp/vagrant-chef-#{counter}"
-          end
         end
 
         def merge(other)
diff --git a/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/chef_apply.rb b/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/chef_apply.rb
index 9f313b790..8f7081875 100644
--- a/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/chef_apply.rb
+++ b/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/chef_apply.rb
@@ -24,11 +24,7 @@ module VagrantPlugins
           super
 
           @recipe = nil if @recipe == UNSET_VALUE
-
-          if @upload_path == UNSET_VALUE
-            counter = self.class.get_and_update_counter(:chef_apply)
-            @upload_path = "/tmp/vagrant-chef-apply-#{counter}"
-          end
+          @upload_path = "/tmp/vagrant-chef-apply" if @upload_path == UNSET_VALUE
         end
 
         def validate(machine)
diff --git a/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/chef_apply.rb b/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/chef_apply.rb
index ed857c3b3..1ff4790b6 100644
--- a/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/chef_apply.rb
+++ b/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/chef_apply.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+require "digest/md5"
 require "tempfile"
 
 require_relative "base"
@@ -42,7 +43,8 @@ module VagrantPlugins
         # The destination (on the guest) where the recipe will live
         # @return [String]
         def target_recipe_path
-          File.join(config.upload_path, "recipe.rb")
+          key = Digest::MD5.hexdigest(config.recipe)
+          File.join(config.upload_path, "recipe-#{key}.rb")
         end
 
         # Write the raw recipe contents to a tempfile and upload that to the
diff --git a/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/chef_solo.rb b/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/chef_solo.rb
index af9314bd9..18bdc9e1d 100644
--- a/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/chef_solo.rb
+++ b/plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/chef_solo.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+require "digest/md5"
+require "securerandom"
+require "set"
+
 require "log4r"
 
 require "vagrant/util/counter"
@@ -11,6 +15,8 @@ module VagrantPlugins
       class ChefSolo < Base
         extend Vagrant::Util::Counter
         include Vagrant::Util::Counter
+        include Vagrant::Action::Builtin::MixinSyncedFolders
+
         attr_reader :environments_folders
         attr_reader :cookbook_folders
         attr_reader :role_folders
@@ -28,10 +34,11 @@ module VagrantPlugins
           @data_bags_folders = expanded_folders(@config.data_bags_path, "data_bags")
           @environments_folders = expanded_folders(@config.environments_path, "environments")
 
-          share_folders(root_config, "csc", @cookbook_folders)
-          share_folders(root_config, "csr", @role_folders)
-          share_folders(root_config, "csdb", @data_bags_folders)
-          share_folders(root_config, "cse", @environments_folders)
+          existing = synced_folders(@machine, cached: true)
+          share_folders(root_config, "csc", @cookbook_folders, existing)
+          share_folders(root_config, "csr", @role_folders, existing)
+          share_folders(root_config, "csdb", @data_bags_folders, existing)
+          share_folders(root_config, "cse", @environments_folders, existing)
         end
 
         def provision(mode = :solo)
@@ -72,8 +79,10 @@ module VagrantPlugins
               local_path = File.expand_path(path, @machine.env.root_path)
 
               if File.exist?(local_path)
-                # Path exists on the host, setup the remote path
-                remote_path = "#{@config.provisioning_path}/chef-solo-#{get_and_update_counter(:cookbooks_path)}"
+                # Path exists on the host, setup the remote path. We use
+                # the MD5 of the local path so that it is predictable.
+                key         = Digest::MD5.hexdigest(local_path)
+                remote_path = "#{@config.provisioning_path}/#{key}"
               else
                 @machine.ui.warn(I18n.t("vagrant.provisioners.chef.cookbook_folder_not_found_warning",
                                        path: local_path.to_s))
@@ -103,16 +112,31 @@ module VagrantPlugins
 
         # Shares the given folders with the given prefix. The folders should
         # be of the structure resulting from the `expanded_folders` function.
-        def share_folders(root_config, prefix, folders)
-          folders.each do |type, local_path, remote_path|
-            if type == :host
-              opts = {}
-              opts[:id] = "v-#{prefix}-#{self.class.get_and_update_counter(:shared_folder)}"
-              opts[:type] = @config.synced_folder_type if @config.synced_folder_type
-
-              root_config.vm.synced_folder(local_path, remote_path, opts)
+        def share_folders(root_config, prefix, folders, existing=nil)
+          existing_set = Set.new
+          (existing || []).each do |_, fs|
+            fs.each do |id, data|
+              existing_set.add(data[:guestpath])
             end
           end
+
+          folders.each do |type, local_path, remote_path|
+            next if type != :host
+
+            # If this folder already exists, then we don't share it, it means
+            # it was already put down on disk.
+            if existing_set.include?(remote_path)
+              @logger.debug("Not sharing #{local_path}, exists as #{remote_path}")
+              next
+            end
+
+            opts = {}
+            opts[:id] = "v-#{prefix}-#{self.class.get_and_update_counter(:shared_folder)}"
+            opts[:type] = @config.synced_folder_type if @config.synced_folder_type
+
+            root_config.vm.synced_folder(local_path, remote_path, opts)
+          end
+
           @shared_folders += folders
         end
 
diff --git a/plugins/provisioners/puppet/config/puppet.rb b/plugins/provisioners/puppet/config/puppet.rb
index 3117f9f6f..1810b989b 100644
--- a/plugins/provisioners/puppet/config/puppet.rb
+++ b/plugins/provisioners/puppet/config/puppet.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
-require "vagrant/util/counter"
-
 module VagrantPlugins
   module Puppet
     module Config
       class Puppet < Vagrant.plugin("2", :config)
-        extend Vagrant::Util::Counter
-
         attr_accessor :facter
         attr_accessor :hiera_config_path
         attr_accessor :manifest_file
@@ -65,15 +61,8 @@ module VagrantPlugins
           @manifest_file  = "default.pp" if @manifest_file == UNSET_VALUE
           @module_path    = nil if @module_path == UNSET_VALUE
           @synced_folder_type = nil if @synced_folder_type == UNSET_VALUE
-          @temp_dir       = nil if @temp_dir == UNSET_VALUE
+          @temp_dir       = "/tmp/vagrant-puppet" if @temp_dir == UNSET_VALUE
           @working_directory = nil if @working_directory == UNSET_VALUE
-
-          # Set a default temp dir that has an increasing counter so
-          # that multiple Puppet definitions won't overwrite each other
-          if !@temp_dir
-            counter   = self.class.get_and_update_counter(:puppet_config)
-            @temp_dir = "/tmp/vagrant-puppet-#{counter}"
-          end
         end
 
         # Returns the module paths as an array of paths expanded relative to the
diff --git a/plugins/provisioners/puppet/provisioner/puppet.rb b/plugins/provisioners/puppet/provisioner/puppet.rb
index 62c32efa2..495340466 100644
--- a/plugins/provisioners/puppet/provisioner/puppet.rb
+++ b/plugins/provisioners/puppet/provisioner/puppet.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+require "digest/md5"
+
 require "log4r"
 
 module VagrantPlugins
@@ -22,8 +24,9 @@ module VagrantPlugins
 
           # Setup the module paths
           @module_paths = []
-          @expanded_module_paths.each_with_index do |path, i|
-            @module_paths << [path, File.join(config.temp_dir, "modules-#{i}")]
+          @expanded_module_paths.each_with_index do |path, _|
+            key = Digest::MD5.hexdigest(path)
+            @module_paths << [path, File.join(config.temp_dir, "modules-#{key}")]
           end
 
           folder_opts = {}
@@ -85,7 +88,8 @@ module VagrantPlugins
         def manifests_guest_path
           if config.manifests_path[0] == :host
             # The path is on the host, so point to where it is shared
-            File.join(config.temp_dir, "manifests")
+            key = Digest::MD5.hexdigest(config.manifests_path[1])
+            File.join(config.temp_dir, "manifests-#{key}")
           else
             # The path is on the VM, so just point directly to it
             config.manifests_path[1]
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base_runner_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base_runner_test.rb
index 591ec743e..330c31616 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base_runner_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/base_runner_test.rb
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Chef::Config::BaseRunner do
   describe "#provisioning_path" do
     it "defaults to a tmp_path" do
       subject.finalize!
-      expect(subject.provisioning_path).to match(%r{/tmp/vagrant-chef-\d+})
+      expect(subject.provisioning_path).to eq("/tmp/vagrant-chef")
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/chef_apply_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/chef_apply_test.rb
index 242eda7ad..135c04213 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/chef_apply_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/config/chef_apply_test.rb
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Chef::Config::ChefApply do
   describe "#upload_path" do
     it "defaults to /tmp/vagrant-chef-apply.rb" do
       subject.finalize!
-      expect(subject.upload_path).to match(%r{/tmp/vagrant-chef-apply-\d+})
+      expect(subject.upload_path).to eq("/tmp/vagrant-chef-apply")
     end
   end