diff --git a/test/unit/base.rb b/test/unit/base.rb
index 0ec219ae3..b049198ab 100644
--- a/test/unit/base.rb
+++ b/test/unit/base.rb
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ require "rubygems"
 
 # Gems
 require "checkpoint"
-require "rspec/autorun"
 require "webmock/rspec"
+require "rspec/its"
 
 # Require Vagrant itself so we can reference the proper
 # classes to test.
@@ -33,8 +33,6 @@ VAGRANT_TEST_CWD = Dir.mktmpdir("vagrant-test-cwd")
 
 # Configure RSpec
 RSpec.configure do |c|
-  c.treat_symbols_as_metadata_keys_with_true_values = true
-
   if Vagrant::Util::Platform.windows?
     c.filter_run_excluding :skip_windows
   else
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/add_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/add_test.rb
index e874ab487..77cf7d1ac 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/add_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/add_test.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Add do
   let(:action_runner) { double("action_runner") }
 
   before do
-    iso_env.stub(action_runner: action_runner)
+    allow(iso_env).to receive(:action_runner).and_return(action_runner)
   end
 
   context "with no arguments" do
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Add do
     let(:argv) { ["foo"] }
 
     it "executes the runner with the proper actions" do
-      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, **opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, **opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to be_nil
         expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq("foo")
         true
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Add do
     let(:argv) { ["foo", "bar"] }
 
     it "executes the runner with the proper actions" do
-      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, **opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, **opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq("foo")
         expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq("bar")
         true
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/remove_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/remove_test.rb
index 923d920b5..0ba3d36e4 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/remove_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/remove_test.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Remove do
   let(:action_runner) { double("action_runner") }
 
   before do
-    iso_env.stub(action_runner: action_runner)
+    allow(iso_env).to receive(:action_runner).and_return(action_runner)
   end
 
   context "with no arguments" do
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Remove do
     let(:argv) { ["foo"] }
 
     it "invokes the action runner" do
-      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq("foo")
-        expect(opts[:force_confirm_box_remove]).to be_false
+        expect(opts[:force_confirm_box_remove]).to be(false)
         true
       }
 
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Remove do
       let(:argv) { super() + ["--force"] }
 
       it "invokes the action runner with force option" do
-        expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
+        expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, opts|
           expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq("foo")
-          expect(opts[:force_confirm_box_remove]).to be_true
+          expect(opts[:force_confirm_box_remove]).to be(true)
           true
         }
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Remove do
     let(:argv) { ["foo", "bar"] }
 
     it "uses the 2nd arg as a provider" do
-      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq("foo")
         expect(opts[:box_provider]).to eq("bar")
         true
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/repackage_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/repackage_test.rb
index 337226418..ce21dd941 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/repackage_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/repackage_test.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Repackage do
   let(:action_runner) { double("action_runner") }
 
   before do
-    iso_env.stub(action_runner: action_runner)
+    allow(iso_env).to receive(:action_runner).and_return(action_runner)
   end
 
   context "with no arguments" do
@@ -47,9 +47,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Repackage do
   end
 
   context "with three arguments" do
-    it "repackages the box with the given provider" do
-      pending
-    end
+    it "repackages the box with the given provider"
   end
 
   context "with more than three arguments" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/update_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/update_test.rb
index 35d84c791..d64d286f7 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/update_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/box/command/update_test.rb
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
   subject { described_class.new(argv, iso_env) }
 
   before do
-    iso_env.stub(action_runner: action_runner)
+    allow(iso_env).to receive(:action_runner).and_return(action_runner)
     machine.config.vm.box = "foo"
   end
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
 
         subject.execute
 
-        expect(called).to be_false
+        expect(called).to be(false)
       end
 
       it "does update if there is an update" do
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
 
         subject.execute
 
-        expect(action_called).to be_true
+        expect(action_called).to be(true)
       end
 
       it "raises an error if there are multiple providers" do
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
 
           subject.execute
 
-          expect(action_called).to be_true
+          expect(action_called).to be(true)
         end
 
         it "raises an error if that provider doesn't exist" do
@@ -206,14 +206,14 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
               expect(opts[:box_download_ca_cert]).to eq("foo")
               expect(opts[:box_download_ca_path]).to eq("bar")
               expect(opts[:box_client_cert]).to eq("baz")
-              expect(opts[:box_download_insecure]).to be_true
+              expect(opts[:box_download_insecure]).to be(true)
             end
 
             opts
           end
 
           subject.execute
-          expect(action_called).to be_true
+          expect(action_called).to be(true)
         end
       end
 
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
         box_dir = test_iso_env.box3("foo", "1.0", :virtualbox)
         box = Vagrant::Box.new(
           "foo", :virtualbox, "1.0", box_dir, metadata_url: "foo")
-        box.stub(has_update?: nil)
+        allow(box).to receive(:has_update?).and_return(nil)
         box
       end
 
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
       end
 
       it "doesn't update boxes if they're up-to-date" do
-        machine.stub(box: box)
+        allow(machine).to receive(:box).and_return(box)
         expect(box).to receive(:has_update?).
           with(machine.config.vm.box_version,
                {download_options:
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
           RAW
         }
 
-        before { machine.stub(box: box) }
+        before { allow(machine).to receive(:box).and_return(box) }
 
         it "updates boxes" do
           expect(box).to receive(:has_update?).
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
                     insecure: false}}).
             and_return([md, md.version("1.1"), md.version("1.1").provider("virtualbox")])
 
-          expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
+          expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, opts|
             expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq(box.metadata_url)
             expect(opts[:box_provider]).to eq("virtualbox")
             expect(opts[:box_version]).to eq("1.1")
@@ -322,11 +322,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
                       insecure: false}}).
               and_return([md, md.version("1.1"), md.version("1.1").provider("virtualbox")])
 
-            expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
+            expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, opts|
               expect(opts[:box_download_ca_cert]).to eq("oof")
               expect(opts[:box_download_ca_path]).to eq("rab")
               expect(opts[:box_client_cert]).to eq("zab")
-              expect(opts[:box_download_insecure]).to be_false
+              expect(opts[:box_download_insecure]).to be(false)
               true
             }
 
@@ -345,11 +345,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandBox::Command::Update do
                 and_return([md, md.version("1.1"),
                             md.version("1.1").provider("virtualbox")])
 
-              expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
+              expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, opts|
                 expect(opts[:box_download_ca_cert]).to eq("foo")
                 expect(opts[:box_download_ca_path]).to eq("bar")
                 expect(opts[:box_client_cert]).to eq("baz")
-                expect(opts[:box_download_insecure]).to be_true
+                expect(opts[:box_download_insecure]).to be(true)
                 true
               }
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/init/command_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/init/command_test.rb
index 4b20b0e9a..3bbafa8d6 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/init/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/init/command_test.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandInit::Command do
   let(:vagrantfile_path) { File.join(env.cwd, "Vagrantfile") }
 
   before do
-    Vagrant.plugin("2").manager.stub(commands: {})
+    allow(Vagrant.plugin("2").manager).to receive(:commands).and_return({})
   end
 
   after do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/list-commands/command_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/list-commands/command_test.rb
index e8cc4ba56..e4c4ee0c8 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/list-commands/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/list-commands/command_test.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandListCommands::Command do
   subject { described_class.new(argv, iso_env) }
 
   before do
-    Vagrant.plugin("2").manager.stub(commands: commands)
+    allow(Vagrant.plugin("2").manager).to receive(:commands).and_return(commands)
   end
 
   describe "execute" do
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandListCommands::Command do
       commands[:bar] = [command_lambda("bar", 0), { primary: true }]
       commands[:baz] = [command_lambda("baz", 0), { primary: false }]
 
-      expect(iso_env.ui).to receive(:info).with { |message, opts|
+      expect(iso_env.ui).to receive(:info).with(any_args) { |message, opts|
         expect(message).to include("foo")
         expect(message).to include("bar")
         expect(message).to include("baz")
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/package/command_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/package/command_test.rb
index 7ca9fb1be..7888c8860 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/package/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/package/command_test.rb
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPackage::Command do
   let(:action_runner) { double("action_runner") }
 
   before do
-    iso_env.stub(action_runner: action_runner)
+    allow(iso_env).to receive(:action_runner).and_return(action_runner)
   end
 
   describe "#execute" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/expunge_plugins_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/expunge_plugins_test.rb
index de0d976de..a4b0a4644 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/expunge_plugins_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/expunge_plugins_test.rb
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::ExpungePlugins do
   subject { described_class.new(app, env) }
 
   before do
-    Vagrant::Plugin::Manager.stub(instance: manager)
+    allow(Vagrant::Plugin::Manager).to receive(:instance).and_return(manager)
   end
 
   describe "#call" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/install_gem_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/install_gem_test.rb
index e038d6595..908473577 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/install_gem_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/install_gem_test.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::InstallGem do
   subject { described_class.new(app, env) }
 
   before do
-    Vagrant::Plugin::Manager.stub(instance: manager)
+    allow(Vagrant::Plugin::Manager).to receive(:instance).and_return(manager)
   end
 
   describe "#call" do
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::InstallGem do
       before do
         spec = Gem::Specification.new
         spec.name = "foo"
-        manager.stub(install_plugin: spec)
+        allow(manager).to receive(:install_plugin).and_return(spec)
 
         env[:plugin_name] = "foo"
         subject.call(env)
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::InstallGem do
       end
 
       it "should uninstall the plugin" do
-        expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, newenv|
+        expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, newenv|
           expect(newenv[:plugin_name]).to eql("foo")
         }
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/plugin_exists_check_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/plugin_exists_check_test.rb
index cf157f92f..d332a84d4 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/plugin_exists_check_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/plugin_exists_check_test.rb
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::PluginExistsCheck do
   subject { described_class.new(app, env) }
 
   before do
-    Vagrant::Plugin::Manager.stub(instance: manager)
+    allow(Vagrant::Plugin::Manager).to receive(:instance).and_return(manager)
   end
 
   it "should raise an exception if the plugin doesn't exist" do
-    manager.stub(installed_plugins: { "foo" => {} })
+    allow(manager).to receive(:installed_plugins).and_return({ "foo" => {} })
     expect(app).not_to receive(:call)
 
     env[:plugin_name] = "bar"
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::PluginExistsCheck do
   end
 
   it "should call the app if the plugin is installed" do
-    manager.stub(installed_plugins: { "bar" => {} })
+    allow(manager).to receive(:installed_plugins).and_return({ "bar" => {} })
     expect(app).to receive(:call).once.with(env)
 
     env[:plugin_name] = "bar"
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/uninstall_plugin_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/uninstall_plugin_test.rb
index 13d9dc134..757d75be0 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/uninstall_plugin_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/uninstall_plugin_test.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::UninstallPlugin do
   subject { described_class.new(app, env) }
 
   before do
-    Vagrant::Plugin::Manager.stub(instance: manager)
+    allow(Vagrant::Plugin::Manager).to receive(:instance).and_return(manager)
   end
 
   it "uninstalls the specified plugin" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/update_gems_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/update_gems_test.rb
index a3b4661c2..37aa58557 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/update_gems_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/plugin/action/update_gems_test.rb
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPlugin::Action::UpdateGems do
   subject { described_class.new(app, env) }
 
   before do
-    Vagrant::Plugin::Manager.stub(instance: manager)
-    manager.stub(installed_specs: [])
+    allow(Vagrant::Plugin::Manager).to receive(:instance).and_return(manager)
+    allow(manager).to receive(:installed_specs).and_return([])
   end
 
   describe "#call" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/port/command_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/port/command_test.rb
index 23abf5d7b..2bf2eeca6 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/port/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/port/command_test.rb
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPort::Command do
 
     it "ensures the vm is running" do
       allow(state).to receive(:id).and_return(:stopped)
-      expect(env.ui).to receive(:error).with { |message, _|
+      expect(env.ui).to receive(:error).with(any_args) { |message, _|
         expect(message).to include("does not support listing forwarded ports")
       }
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPort::Command do
 
     it "shows a friendly error when the capability is not supported" do
       allow(machine.provider).to receive(:capability?).and_return(false)
-      expect(env.ui).to receive(:error).with { |message, _|
+      expect(env.ui).to receive(:error).with(any_args) { |message, _|
         expect(message).to include("does not support listing forwarded ports")
       }
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPort::Command do
       allow(machine.provider).to receive(:capability).with(:forwarded_ports)
         .and_return([])
 
-      expect(env.ui).to receive(:info).with { |message, _|
+      expect(env.ui).to receive(:info).with(any_args) { |message, _|
         expect(message).to include("there are no forwarded ports")
       }
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/push/command_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/push/command_test.rb
index a97f4caba..bc562306b 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/push/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/push/command_test.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandPush::Command do
   subject { described_class.new(argv, env) }
 
   before do
-    Vagrant.plugin("2").manager.stub(pushes: pushes)
+    allow(Vagrant.plugin("2").manager).to receive(:pushes).and_return(pushes)
   end
 
   describe "#execute" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/snapshot/command/list_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/snapshot/command/list_test.rb
index a812aa40f..ea6412356 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/snapshot/command/list_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/snapshot/command/list_test.rb
@@ -52,9 +52,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandSnapshot::Command::List do
       it "prints a message if the vm does not exist" do
         machine.id = nil
 
-        expect(iso_env.ui).to receive(:info).with { |message, _|
-          expect(message).to include("VM not created")
-        }
+        expect(iso_env.ui).to receive(:info).with("==> default: VM not created. Moving on...", anything)
+          .and_return({})
         expect(machine).to_not receive(:action)
         expect(subject.execute).to eq(0)
       end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/ssh_config/command_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/ssh_config/command_test.rb
index ba76d5de3..27f0844b4 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/ssh_config/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/ssh_config/command_test.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandSSHConfig::Command do
   subject { described_class.new(argv, iso_env) }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(ssh_info: ssh_info)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return(ssh_info)
     allow(subject).to receive(:with_target_vms) { |&block| block.call machine }
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/up/command_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/up/command_test.rb
index 5a260764b..cd8c56b7b 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/up/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/up/command_test.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandUp::Command do
   let(:action_runner) { double("action_runner") }
 
   before do
-    iso_env.stub(action_runner: action_runner)
+    allow(iso_env).to receive(:action_runner).and_return(action_runner)
   end
 
   context "with no argument" do
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandUp::Command do
       end
 
       it "should attempt to use dummy provider" do
-        expect{ subject.execute }.to raise_error
+        expect{ subject.execute }.to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::ProviderNotFound)
       end
 
       context "with --provider set" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/commands/validate/command_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/commands/validate/command_test.rb
index 79a5463d3..66941d72c 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/commands/validate/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/commands/validate/command_test.rb
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommandValidate::Command do
         end
       EOH
 
-      expect(env.ui).to receive(:info).with { |message, _|
+      expect(env.ui).to receive(:info).with(any_args) { |message, _|
         expect(message).to include("Vagrantfile validated successfully.")
       }
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/communicators/ssh/communicator_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/communicators/ssh/communicator_test.rb
index 0a2f67195..dc569201d 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/communicators/ssh/communicator_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/communicators/ssh/communicator_test.rb
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorSSH::Communicator do
   describe ".ready?" do
     before(&connection_setup)
     it "returns true if shell test is successful" do
-      expect(communicator.ready?).to be_true
+      expect(communicator.ready?).to be(true)
     end
 
     context "with an invalid shell test" do
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorSSH::Communicator do
     before(&connection_setup)
     context "with exit code as zero" do
       it "returns true" do
-        expect(communicator.test("ls")).to be_true
+        expect(communicator.test("ls")).to be(true)
       end
     end
 
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorSSH::Communicator do
       end
 
       it "returns false" do
-        expect(communicator.test("/bin/false")).to be_false
+        expect(communicator.test("/bin/false")).to be(false)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -585,14 +585,14 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorSSH::Communicator do
 
   describe ".generate_environment_export" do
     it "should generate bourne shell compatible export" do
-      communicator.send(:generate_environment_export, "TEST", "value").should eq("export TEST=\"value\"\n")
+      expect(communicator.send(:generate_environment_export, "TEST", "value")).to eq("export TEST=\"value\"\n")
     end
 
     context "with custom template defined" do
       let(:export_command_template){ "setenv %ENV_KEY% %ENV_VALUE%" }
 
       it "should generate custom export based on template" do
-        communicator.send(:generate_environment_export, "TEST", "value").should eq("setenv TEST value\n")
+        expect(communicator.send(:generate_environment_export, "TEST", "value")).to eq("setenv TEST value\n")
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winrm/communicator_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winrm/communicator_test.rb
index 719167590..ae5cbc7bb 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winrm/communicator_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winrm/communicator_test.rb
@@ -60,12 +60,12 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Communicator do
   describe ".ready?" do
     it "returns true if hostname command executes without error" do
       expect(shell).to receive(:cmd).with("hostname").and_return({ exitcode: 0 })
-      expect(subject.ready?).to be_true
+      expect(subject.ready?).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "returns false if hostname command fails with a transient error" do
       expect(shell).to receive(:cmd).with("hostname").and_raise(VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Errors::TransientError)
-      expect(subject.ready?).to be_false
+      expect(subject.ready?).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "raises an error if hostname command fails with an unknown error" do
@@ -112,12 +112,12 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Communicator do
   describe ".test" do
     it "returns true when exit code is zero" do
       expect(shell).to receive(:powershell).with(kind_of(String)).and_return(good_output)
-      expect(subject.test("test -d c:/windows")).to be_true
+      expect(subject.test("test -d c:/windows")).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "returns false when exit code is non-zero" do
       expect(shell).to receive(:powershell).with(kind_of(String)).and_return(bad_output)
-      expect(subject.test("test -d /tmp/foobar")).to be_false
+      expect(subject.test("test -d /tmp/foobar")).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "returns false when stderr contains output" do
@@ -125,11 +125,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Communicator do
       output.exitcode = 1
       output << { stderr: 'this is an error' }
       expect(shell).to receive(:powershell).with(kind_of(String)).and_return(output)
-      expect(subject.test("[-x stuff] && foo")).to be_false
+      expect(subject.test("[-x stuff] && foo")).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "returns false when command is testing for linux OS" do
-      expect(subject.test("uname -s | grep Debian")).to be_false
+      expect(subject.test("uname -s | grep Debian")).to be(false)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winrm/helper_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winrm/helper_test.rb
index 5768c720e..80c7f8568 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winrm/helper_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winrm/helper_test.rb
@@ -27,24 +27,24 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Helper do
     end
 
     it "returns the SSH info host if available" do
-      machine.stub(ssh_info: { host: "bar" })
+      allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return({ host: "bar" })
       expect(subject.winrm_address(machine)).to eq("bar")
     end
 
     it "raise an exception if it can't detect a host" do
-      machine.stub(ssh_info: nil)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return(nil)
       expect { subject.winrm_address(machine) }.
         to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Errors::WinRMNotReady)
     end
 
     it "raise an exception if it detects an empty host ip" do
-      machine.stub(ssh_info: { host: "" })
+      allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return({ host: "" })
       expect { subject.winrm_address(machine) }.
         to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Errors::WinRMNotReady)
     end
 
     it "raise a WinRMNotReady exception if it detects an unset host ip" do
-      machine.stub(ssh_info: { host: nil })
+      allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return({ host: nil })
       expect { subject.winrm_address(machine) }.
         to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Errors::WinRMNotReady)
     end
@@ -52,15 +52,15 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Helper do
 
   describe ".winrm_info" do
     before do
-      machine.provider.stub(:capability?).
-        with(:winrm_info).and_return(false)
-      subject.stub(winrm_address: nil)
-      subject.stub(winrm_port: nil)
+      allow(machine.provider).to receive(:capability?)
+        .with(:winrm_info).and_return(false)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:winrm_address).and_return(nil)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:winrm_port).and_return(nil)
     end
 
     it "returns default info if no capability" do
-      subject.stub(winrm_address: "bar")
-      subject.stub(winrm_port: 45)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:winrm_address).and_return("bar")
+      allow(subject).to receive(:winrm_port).and_return(45)
 
       result = subject.winrm_info(machine)
       expect(result[:host]).to eq("bar")
@@ -68,18 +68,19 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Helper do
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if capability returns nil" do
-      machine.provider.stub(:capability?).
-        with(:winrm_info).and_return(true)
-      machine.provider.stub(:capability).with(:winrm_info).and_return(nil)
+      allow(machine.provider).to receive(:capability?)
+        .with(:winrm_info).and_return(true)
+      allow(machine.provider).to receive(:capability)
+        .with(:winrm_info).and_return(nil)
 
       expect { subject.winrm_info(machine) }.
         to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Errors::WinRMNotReady)
     end
 
     it "returns the proper information if set" do
-      machine.provider.stub(:capability?).
-        with(:winrm_info).and_return(true)
-      machine.provider.stub(:capability).with(:winrm_info).and_return({
+      allow(machine.provider).to receive(:capability?)
+        .with(:winrm_info).and_return(true)
+      allow(machine.provider).to receive(:capability).with(:winrm_info).and_return({
         host: "foo",
         port: 12,
       })
@@ -90,12 +91,12 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Helper do
     end
 
     it "defaults information if capability doesn't set it" do
-      machine.provider.stub(:capability?).
-        with(:winrm_info).and_return(true)
-      machine.provider.stub(:capability).with(:winrm_info).and_return({})
+      allow(machine.provider).to receive(:capability?)
+        .with(:winrm_info).and_return(true)
+      allow(machine.provider).to receive(:capability).with(:winrm_info).and_return({})
 
-      subject.stub(winrm_address: "bar")
-      subject.stub(winrm_port: 45)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:winrm_address).and_return("bar")
+      allow(subject).to receive(:winrm_port).and_return(45)
 
       result = subject.winrm_info(machine)
       expect(result[:host]).to eq("bar")
@@ -132,8 +133,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinRM::Helper do
       machine.config.winrm.guest_port = 2222
       machine.config.vm.network "forwarded_port", host: 1234, guest: 2222
 
-      machine.provider.stub(:capability?).with(:forwarded_ports).and_return(true)
-      machine.provider.stub(:capability).with(:forwarded_ports).and_return({
+      allow(machine.provider).to receive(:capability?).with(:forwarded_ports).and_return(true)
+      allow(machine.provider).to receive(:capability).with(:forwarded_ports).and_return({
         1234 => 4567,
         2456 => 2222,
       })
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winssh/communicator_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winssh/communicator_test.rb
index 34812ac72..2110dd913 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winssh/communicator_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/communicators/winssh/communicator_test.rb
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinSSH::Communicator do
   describe ".ready?" do
     before(&connection_setup)
     it "returns true if shell test is successful" do
-      expect(communicator.ready?).to be_true
+      expect(communicator.ready?).to be_truthy
     end
 
     context "with an invalid shell test" do
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinSSH::Communicator do
     before(&connection_setup)
     context "with exit code as zero" do
       it "returns true" do
-        expect(communicator.test("dir")).to be_true
+        expect(communicator.test("dir")).to be_truthy
       end
     end
 
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinSSH::Communicator do
       end
 
       it "returns false" do
-        expect(communicator.test("false.exe")).to be_false
+        expect(communicator.test("false.exe")).to be_falsey
       end
     end
   end
@@ -512,14 +512,14 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::CommunicatorWinSSH::Communicator do
 
   describe ".generate_environment_export" do
     it "should generate bourne shell compatible export" do
-      communicator.send(:generate_environment_export, "TEST", "value").should eq("export TEST=\"value\"\n")
+      expect(communicator.send(:generate_environment_export, "TEST", "value")).to eq("export TEST=\"value\"\n")
     end
 
     context "with custom template defined" do
       let(:export_command_template){ "setenv %ENV_KEY% %ENV_VALUE%" }
 
       it "should generate custom export based on template" do
-        communicator.send(:generate_environment_export, "TEST", "value").should eq("setenv TEST value\n")
+        expect(communicator.send(:generate_environment_export, "TEST", "value")).to eq("setenv TEST value\n")
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/omnios/cap/mount_nfs_folder_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/omnios/cap/mount_nfs_folder_test.rb
index ec5b2cf9f..48bc2a225 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/omnios/cap/mount_nfs_folder_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/omnios/cap/mount_nfs_folder_test.rb
@@ -40,8 +40,6 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::GuestOmniOS::Cap:RSync" do
       expect(comm.received_commands[0]).to match(/'1.2.3.4:#{hostpath}' '#{guestpath}'/)
     end
 
-    it "mounts with options" do
-      pending "not yet implemented"
-    end
+    it "mounts with options"
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/change_host_name_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
index c51dfb9eb..8a772503c 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/change_host_name_test.rb
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::GuestSmartos::Cap::ChangeHostName" do
   let(:config) { double("config", smartos: VagrantPlugins::GuestSmartos::Config.new) }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(:communicate).and_return(comm)
-    machine.stub(:config).and_return(config)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(comm)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:config).and_return(config)
   end
 
   after do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/configure_networks_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/configure_networks_test.rb
index 7d6312a24..56bd056f1 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/configure_networks_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/configure_networks_test.rb
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::VagrantPlugins::Cap::ConfigureNetworks" do
   let(:communicator) { VagrantTests::DummyCommunicator::Communicator.new(machine) }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
-    machine.stub(:config).and_return(config)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:config).and_return(config)
   end
 
   after do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/halt_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/halt_test.rb
index 08b563c39..b039a6899 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/halt_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/halt_test.rb
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::GuestSmartos::Cap::Halt" do
   let(:shutdown_command){ "pfexec /usr/sbin/poweroff" }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
-    machine.stub(:config).and_return(config)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:config).and_return(config)
   end
 
   after do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/insert_public_key_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/insert_public_key_test.rb
index b404412ab..917f0baa9 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/insert_public_key_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/insert_public_key_test.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::GuestSmartos::Cap::InsertPublicKey" do
   let(:comm) { VagrantTests::DummyCommunicator::Communicator.new(machine) }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(:communicate).and_return(comm)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(comm)
   end
 
   after do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/mount_nfs_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/mount_nfs_test.rb
index 5dee28a09..865ed6d54 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/mount_nfs_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/mount_nfs_test.rb
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::GuestSmartos::Cap::MountNFS" do
   let(:config) { double("config", smartos: VagrantPlugins::GuestSmartos::Config.new) }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(:communicate).and_return(comm)
-    machine.stub(:config).and_return(config)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(comm)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:config).and_return(config)
   end
 
   after do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/rsync_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/rsync_test.rb
index f5e82d9f8..544d73898 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/rsync_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/smartos/cap/rsync_test.rb
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::VagrantPlugins::Cap::Rsync" do
   let(:communicator) { VagrantTests::DummyCommunicator::Communicator.new(machine) }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
-    machine.stub(:config).and_return(config)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:config).and_return(config)
   end
 
   after do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/windows/config_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/windows/config_test.rb
index ee43fc8ac..dae493cf2 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/windows/config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/windows/config_test.rb
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::GuestWindows::Config do
       it "should not default #{attribute} if overridden" do
         subject.send("#{attribute}=".to_sym, 10)
         subject.finalize!
-        subject.send(attribute).should == 10
+        expect(subject.send(attribute)).to be(10)
       end
 
       it "should return error #{attribute} if nil" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/guests/windows/guest_network_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/guests/windows/guest_network_test.rb
index dd0f4f546..19efacaee 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/guests/windows/guest_network_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/guests/windows/guest_network_test.rb
@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ describe "VagrantPlugins::GuestWindows::GuestNetwork" do
       expect(communicator).to receive(:test).with(
         /.+Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration -Filter "Index=7 and DHCPEnabled=True"/).
         and_return(true)
-      expect(subject.is_dhcp_enabled(7)).to be_true
+      expect(subject.is_dhcp_enabled(7)).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "should return false for non-DHCP NICs" do
       expect(communicator).to receive(:test).with(
         /.+Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration -Filter "Index=8 and DHCPEnabled=True"/).
         and_return(false)
-      expect(subject.is_dhcp_enabled(8)).to be_false
+      expect(subject.is_dhcp_enabled(8)).to be(false)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/hosts/linux/cap/nfs_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/hosts/linux/cap/nfs_test.rb
index 144e9c8fd..eed8b7221 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/hosts/linux/cap/nfs_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/hosts/linux/cap/nfs_test.rb
@@ -147,10 +147,12 @@ EOH
 
     it "should retain existing file owner and group IDs" do
       pending("investigate using a simulated FS to test")
+      test_with_simulated_fs
     end
 
     it "should raise custom exception when chown fails" do
       pending("investigate using a simulated FS to test")
+      test_with_simulated_fs
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/kernel_v2/config/push_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/kernel_v2/config/push_test.rb
index e1c67996f..367a46b2c 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/kernel_v2/config/push_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/kernel_v2/config/push_test.rb
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Kernel_V2::PushConfig do
   describe "#__compiled_pushes" do
     it "raises an exception if not finalized" do
       subject.instance_variable_set(:@__finalized, false)
-      expect { subject.__compiled_pushes }.to raise_error
+      expect { subject.__compiled_pushes }.to raise_error(RuntimeError)
     end
 
     it "returns a copy of the compiled pushes" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/kernel_v2/config/vm_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/kernel_v2/config/vm_test.rb
index ef3734898..7d8e05f5a 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/kernel_v2/config/vm_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/kernel_v2/config/vm_test.rb
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Kernel_V2::VMConfig do
 
   before do
     env = double("env")
-    env.stub(root_path: nil)
-    machine.stub(env: env)
-    machine.stub(provider_config: nil)
-    machine.stub(provider_options: {})
+    allow(env).to receive(:root_path).and_return(nil)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:env).and_return(env)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:provider_config).and_return(nil)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:provider_options).and_return({})
 
     subject.box = "foo"
   end
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Kernel_V2::VMConfig do
 
       config = subject.get_provider_config(:virtualbox)
       expect(config.name).to eq("foo")
-      expect(config.gui).to be_true
+      expect(config.gui).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if there is a problem loading" do
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Kernel_V2::VMConfig do
       sf = subject.synced_folders
       expect(sf.length).to eq(1)
       expect(sf).to have_key("/vagrant")
-      expect(sf["/vagrant"][:disabled]).to be_true
+      expect(sf["/vagrant"][:disabled]).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "allows overriding previously set options" do
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Kernel_V2::VMConfig do
       sf = subject.synced_folders
       expect(sf.length).to eq(1)
       expect(sf).to have_key("/vagrant")
-      expect(sf["/vagrant"][:disabled]).to be_false
+      expect(sf["/vagrant"][:disabled]).to be(false)
       expect(sf["/vagrant"][:foo]).to eq(:bar)
     end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/action/create_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/action/create_test.rb
index 2b2a9c669..4975180e4 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/action/create_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/action/create_test.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Action::Create do
 
   let(:machine) do
     iso_env.machine(iso_env.machine_names[0], :virtualbox).tap do |m|
-      m.provider.stub(driver: driver)
+      allow(m.provider).to receive(:driver).and_return(driver)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/command/exec_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/command/exec_test.rb
index 6cf94c3b0..35a0b6802 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/command/exec_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/command/exec_test.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Command::Exec do
   end
 
   before do
-    Vagrant.plugin("2").manager.stub(commands: {})
+    allow(Vagrant.plugin("2").manager).to receive(:commands).and_return({})
     allow(subject).to receive(:exec_command)
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/config_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/config_test.rb
index 5dc59bcc4..eb3c5729a 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/config_test.rb
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Config do
     its(:expose) { should eq([]) }
     its(:cmd) { should eq([]) }
     its(:env) { should eq({}) }
-    its(:force_host_vm) { should be_false }
+    its(:force_host_vm) { should be(false) }
     its(:host_vm_build_dir_options) { should be_nil }
     its(:image) { should be_nil }
     its(:name) { should be_nil }
-    its(:privileged) { should be_false }
+    its(:privileged) { should be(false) }
     its(:stop_timeout) { should eq(1) }
     its(:vagrant_machine) { should be_nil }
     its(:vagrant_vagrantfile) { should be_nil }
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Config do
 
   before do
     # By default lets be Linux for validations
-    Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(linux: true)
-    Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(linux?: true)
+    allow(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:linux).and_return(true)
+    allow(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:linux?).and_return(true)
   end
 
   it "should be invalid if both build dir and image are set" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/driver_compose_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/driver_compose_test.rb
index fa1cada06..3c3b1fe90 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/driver_compose_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/driver_compose_test.rb
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver::Compose do
     allow(Tempfile).to receive(:new).with("vagrant-docker-compose").and_return(docker_yml)
     allow(docker_yml).to receive(:write)
     allow(docker_yml).to receive(:close)
-    subject.stub(:execute) do |*args|
+    allow(subject).to receive(:execute) do |*args|
       args.delete_if{|i| i.is_a?(Hash) }
       @cmd = args.join(' ')
     end
@@ -115,19 +115,21 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver::Compose do
     end
 
     context 'when container exists' do
-      before { subject.stub(execute: "foo\n#{cid}\nbar") }
-      it { expect(result).to be_true }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute)
+        .and_return("foo\n#{cid}\nbar") }
+      it { expect(result).to be_truthy }
     end
 
     context 'when container does not exist' do
-      before { subject.stub(execute: "foo\n#{cid}extra\nbar") }
-      it { expect(result).to be_false }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute)
+        .and_return("foo\n#{cid}extra\nbar") }
+      it { expect(result).to be_falsey }
     end
   end
 
   describe '#pull' do
     it 'should pull images' do
-      subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'pull', 'foo')
+      expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'pull', 'foo')
       subject.pull('foo')
     end
   end
@@ -142,43 +144,47 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver::Compose do
     end
 
     context 'when container exists' do
-      before { subject.stub(execute: "foo\n#{cid}\nbar") }
-      it { expect(result).to be_true }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute)
+        .and_return("foo\n#{cid}\nbar") }
+      it { expect(result).to be_truthy }
     end
 
     context 'when container does not exist' do
-      before { subject.stub(execute: "foo\n#{cid}extra\nbar") }
-      it { expect(result).to be_false }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute)
+        .and_return("foo\n#{cid}extra\nbar") }
+      it { expect(result).to be_falsey }
     end
   end
 
   describe '#privileged?' do
     it 'identifies privileged containers' do
-      subject.stub(inspect_container: {'HostConfig' => {"Privileged" => true}})
+      allow(subject).to receive(:inspect_container)
+        .and_return({'HostConfig' => {"Privileged" => true}})
       expect(subject).to be_privileged(cid)
     end
 
     it 'identifies unprivileged containers' do
-      subject.stub(inspect_container: {'HostConfig' => {"Privileged" => false}})
+      allow(subject).to receive(:inspect_container)
+        .and_return({'HostConfig' => {"Privileged" => false}})
       expect(subject).to_not be_privileged(cid)
     end
   end
 
   describe '#start' do
     context 'when container is running' do
-      before { subject.stub(running?: true) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:running?).and_return(true) }
 
       it 'does not start the container' do
-        subject.should_not_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'start', cid)
+        expect(subject).not_to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'start', cid)
         subject.start(cid)
       end
     end
 
     context 'when container is not running' do
-      before { subject.stub(running?: false) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:running?).and_return(false) }
 
       it 'starts the container' do
-        subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'start', cid)
+        expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'start', cid)
         subject.start(cid)
       end
     end
@@ -186,24 +192,24 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver::Compose do
 
   describe '#stop' do
     context 'when container is running' do
-      before { subject.stub(running?: true) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:running?).and_return(true) }
 
       it 'stops the container' do
-        subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '1', cid)
+        expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '1', cid)
         subject.stop(cid, 1)
       end
 
       it "stops the container with the set timeout" do
-        subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '5', cid)
+        expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '5', cid)
         subject.stop(cid, 5)
       end
     end
 
     context 'when container is not running' do
-      before { subject.stub(running?: false) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:running?).and_return(false) }
 
       it 'does not stop container' do
-        subject.should_not_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '1', cid)
+        expect(subject).not_to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '1', cid)
         subject.stop(cid, 1)
       end
     end
@@ -211,7 +217,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver::Compose do
 
   describe '#rm' do
     context 'when container has been created' do
-      before { subject.stub(created?: true) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:created?).and_return(true) }
 
       it 'removes the container' do
         expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with("docker-compose", "-f", "docker-compose.yml", "-p", "cwd", "rm", "-f", "docker_1", {})
@@ -220,7 +226,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver::Compose do
     end
 
     context 'when container has not been created' do
-      before { subject.stub(created?: false) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:created?).and_return(false) }
 
       it 'does not attempt to remove the container' do
         expect(subject).not_to receive(:execute).with("docker-compose", "-f", "docker-compose.yml", "-p", "cwd", "rm", "-f", "docker_1", {})
@@ -232,10 +238,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver::Compose do
   describe '#inspect_container' do
     let(:data) { '[{"json": "value"}]' }
 
-    before { subject.stub(execute: data) }
+    before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute).and_return(data) }
 
     it 'inspects the container' do
-      subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'inspect', cid)
+      expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'inspect', cid)
       subject.inspect_container(cid)
     end
 
@@ -247,10 +253,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver::Compose do
   describe '#all_containers' do
     let(:containers) { "container1\ncontainer2" }
 
-    before { subject.stub(execute: containers) }
+    before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute).and_return(containers) }
 
     it 'returns an array of all known containers' do
-      subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'ps', '-a', '-q', '--no-trunc')
+      expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'ps', '-a', '-q', '--no-trunc')
       expect(subject.all_containers).to eq(['container1', 'container2'])
     end
   end
@@ -258,10 +264,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver::Compose do
   describe '#docker_bridge_ip' do
     let(:containers) { " inet 123.456.789.012/16 " }
 
-    before { subject.stub(execute: containers) }
+    before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute).and_return(containers) }
 
     it 'returns an array of all known containers' do
-      subject.should_receive(:execute).with('/sbin/ip', '-4', 'addr', 'show', 'scope', 'global', 'docker0')
+      expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('/sbin/ip', '-4', 'addr', 'show', 'scope', 'global', 'docker0')
       expect(subject.docker_bridge_ip).to eq('123.456.789.012')
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/driver_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/driver_test.rb
index dbfde3595..0d12b4971 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/driver_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/driver_test.rb
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver do
   let(:cid)          { 'side-1-song-10' }
 
   before do
-    subject.stub(:execute) { |*args| @cmd = args.join(' ') }
+    allow(subject).to receive(:execute) { |*args| @cmd = args.join(' ') }
   end
 
   describe '#create' do
@@ -74,19 +74,19 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver do
     end
 
     context 'when container exists' do
-      before { subject.stub(execute: "foo\n#{cid}\nbar") }
-      it { expect(result).to be_true }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute).and_return("foo\n#{cid}\nbar") }
+      it { expect(result).to be_truthy }
     end
 
     context 'when container does not exist' do
-      before { subject.stub(execute: "foo\n#{cid}extra\nbar") }
-      it { expect(result).to be_false }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute).and_return("foo\n#{cid}extra\nbar") }
+      it { expect(result).to be_falsey }
     end
   end
 
   describe '#pull' do
     it 'should pull images' do
-      subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'pull', 'foo')
+      expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'pull', 'foo')
       subject.pull('foo')
     end
   end
@@ -101,43 +101,43 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver do
     end
 
     context 'when container exists' do
-      before { subject.stub(execute: "foo\n#{cid}\nbar") }
-      it { expect(result).to be_true }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute).and_return("foo\n#{cid}\nbar") }
+      it { expect(result).to be_truthy }
     end
 
     context 'when container does not exist' do
-      before { subject.stub(execute: "foo\n#{cid}extra\nbar") }
-      it { expect(result).to be_false }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute).and_return("foo\n#{cid}extra\nbar") }
+      it { expect(result).to be_falsey }
     end
   end
 
   describe '#privileged?' do
     it 'identifies privileged containers' do
-      subject.stub(inspect_container: {'HostConfig' => {"Privileged" => true}})
+      allow(subject).to receive(:inspect_container).and_return({'HostConfig' => {"Privileged" => true}})
       expect(subject).to be_privileged(cid)
     end
 
     it 'identifies unprivileged containers' do
-      subject.stub(inspect_container: {'HostConfig' => {"Privileged" => false}})
+      allow(subject).to receive(:inspect_container).and_return({'HostConfig' => {"Privileged" => false}})
       expect(subject).to_not be_privileged(cid)
     end
   end
 
   describe '#start' do
     context 'when container is running' do
-      before { subject.stub(running?: true) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:running?).and_return(true) }
 
       it 'does not start the container' do
-        subject.should_not_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'start', cid)
+        expect(subject).to_not receive(:execute).with('docker', 'start', cid)
         subject.start(cid)
       end
     end
 
     context 'when container is not running' do
-      before { subject.stub(running?: false) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:running?).and_return(false) }
 
       it 'starts the container' do
-        subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'start', cid)
+        expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'start', cid)
         subject.start(cid)
       end
     end
@@ -145,24 +145,24 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver do
 
   describe '#stop' do
     context 'when container is running' do
-      before { subject.stub(running?: true) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:running?).and_return(true) }
 
       it 'stops the container' do
-        subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '1', cid)
+        expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '1', cid)
         subject.stop(cid, 1)
       end
 
       it "stops the container with the set timeout" do
-        subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '5', cid)
+        expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '5', cid)
         subject.stop(cid, 5)
       end
     end
 
     context 'when container is not running' do
-      before { subject.stub(running?: false) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:running?).and_return(false) }
 
       it 'does not stop container' do
-        subject.should_not_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '1', cid)
+        expect(subject).to_not receive(:execute).with('docker', 'stop', '-t', '1', cid)
         subject.stop(cid, 1)
       end
     end
@@ -170,19 +170,19 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver do
 
   describe '#rm' do
     context 'when container has been created' do
-      before { subject.stub(created?: true) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:created?).and_return(true) }
 
       it 'removes the container' do
-        subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'rm', '-f', '-v', cid)
+        expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'rm', '-f', '-v', cid)
         subject.rm(cid)
       end
     end
 
     context 'when container has not been created' do
-      before { subject.stub(created?: false) }
+      before { allow(subject).to receive(:created?).and_return(false) }
 
       it 'does not attempt to remove the container' do
-        subject.should_not_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'rm', '-f', '-v', cid)
+        expect(subject).to_not receive(:execute).with('docker', 'rm', '-f', '-v', cid)
         subject.rm(cid)
       end
     end
@@ -191,10 +191,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver do
   describe '#inspect_container' do
     let(:data) { '[{"json": "value"}]' }
 
-    before { subject.stub(execute: data) }
+    before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute).and_return(data) }
 
     it 'inspects the container' do
-      subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'inspect', cid)
+      expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'inspect', cid)
       subject.inspect_container(cid)
     end
 
@@ -206,10 +206,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver do
   describe '#all_containers' do
     let(:containers) { "container1\ncontainer2" }
 
-    before { subject.stub(execute: containers) }
+    before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute).and_return(containers) }
 
     it 'returns an array of all known containers' do
-      subject.should_receive(:execute).with('docker', 'ps', '-a', '-q', '--no-trunc')
+      expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('docker', 'ps', '-a', '-q', '--no-trunc')
       expect(subject.all_containers).to eq(['container1', 'container2'])
     end
   end
@@ -217,10 +217,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Driver do
   describe '#docker_bridge_ip' do
     let(:containers) { " inet 123.456.789.012/16 " }
 
-    before { subject.stub(execute: containers) }
+    before { allow(subject).to receive(:execute).and_return(containers) }
 
     it 'returns an array of all known containers' do
-      subject.should_receive(:execute).with('/sbin/ip', '-4', 'addr', 'show', 'scope', 'global', 'docker0')
+      expect(subject).to receive(:execute).with('/sbin/ip', '-4', 'addr', 'show', 'scope', 'global', 'docker0')
       expect(subject.docker_bridge_ip).to eq('123.456.789.012')
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/synced_folder_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/synced_folder_test.rb
index dfbcaed0c..58584312f 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/synced_folder_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/docker/synced_folder_test.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::SyncedFolder do
     let(:machine) { double("machine") }
 
     before do
-      machine.stub(provider_name: :docker)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:provider_name).and_return(:docker)
     end
 
     it "is usable" do
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::SyncedFolder do
     end
 
     it "is not usable if provider isn't docker" do
-      machine.stub(provider_name: :virtualbox)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:provider_name).and_return(:virtualbox)
       expect(subject).to_not be_usable(machine)
     end
 
     it "raises an error if bad provider if specified" do
-      machine.stub(provider_name: :virtualbox)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:provider_name).and_return(:virtualbox)
       expect { subject.usable?(machine, true) }.
         to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::DockerProvider::Errors::SyncedFolderNonDocker)
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/provider_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/provider_test.rb
index 2a895706d..bac4512e6 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/provider_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/hyperv/provider_test.rb
@@ -12,63 +12,63 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::HyperV::Provider do
   before do
     stub_const("Vagrant::Util::Platform", platform)
     stub_const("Vagrant::Util::PowerShell", powershell)
-    machine.stub(id: "foo")
-    platform.stub(windows?: true)
-    platform.stub(windows_admin?: true)
-    platform.stub(windows_hyperv_admin?: true)
-    powershell.stub(available?: true)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:id).and_return("foo")
+    allow(platform).to receive(:windows?).and_return(true)
+    allow(platform).to receive(:windows_admin?).and_return(true)
+    allow(platform).to receive(:windows_hyperv_admin?).and_return(true)
+    allow(powershell).to receive(:available?).and_return(true)
   end
 
   describe ".usable?" do
     subject { described_class }
 
     it "returns false if not windows" do
-      platform.stub(windows?: false)
+      allow(platform).to receive(:windows?).and_return(false)
       expect(subject).to_not be_usable
     end
 
     it "returns false if neither an admin nor a hyper-v admin" do
-      platform.stub(windows_admin?: false)
-      platform.stub(windows_hyperv_admin?: false)
+      allow(platform).to receive(:windows_admin?).and_return(false)
+      allow(platform).to receive(:windows_hyperv_admin?).and_return(false)
       expect(subject).to_not be_usable
     end
 
     it "returns true if not an admin but is a hyper-v admin" do
-      platform.stub(windows_admin?: false)
-      platform.stub(windows_hyperv_admin?: true)
+      allow(platform).to receive(:windows_admin?).and_return(false)
+      allow(platform).to receive(:windows_hyperv_admin?).and_return(true)
       expect(subject).to be_usable
     end
 
     it "returns false if powershell is not available" do
-      powershell.stub(available?: false)
+      allow(powershell).to receive(:available?).and_return(false)
       expect(subject).to_not be_usable
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if not windows" do
-      platform.stub(windows?: false)
+      allow(platform).to receive(:windows?).and_return(false)
 
       expect { subject.usable?(true) }.
         to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::HyperV::Errors::WindowsRequired)
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if neither an admin nor a hyper-v admin" do
-      platform.stub(windows_admin?: false)
-      platform.stub(windows_hyperv_admin?: false)
+      allow(platform).to receive(:windows_admin?).and_return(false)
+      allow(platform).to receive(:windows_hyperv_admin?).and_return(false)
 
       expect { subject.usable?(true) }.
         to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::HyperV::Errors::AdminRequired)
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if neither an admin nor a hyper-v admin" do
-      platform.stub(windows_admin?: false)
-      platform.stub(windows_hyperv_admin?: false)
+      allow(platform).to receive(:windows_admin?).and_return(false)
+      allow(platform).to receive(:windows_hyperv_admin?).and_return(false)
 
       expect { subject.usable?(true) }.
         to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::HyperV::Errors::AdminRequired)
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if powershell is not available" do
-      powershell.stub(available?: false)
+      allow(powershell).to receive(:available?).and_return(false)
 
       expect { subject.usable?(true) }.
         to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::HyperV::Errors::PowerShellRequired)
@@ -83,13 +83,13 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::HyperV::Provider do
 
   describe "#state" do
     it "returns not_created if no ID" do
-      machine.stub(id: nil)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:id).and_return(nil)
 
       expect(subject.state.id).to eq(:not_created)
     end
 
     it "calls an action to determine the ID" do
-      machine.stub(id: "foo")
+      allow(machine).to receive(:id).and_return("foo")
       expect(machine).to receive(:action).with(:read_state).
         and_return({ machine_state_id: :bar })
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/network_fix_ipv6_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/network_fix_ipv6_test.rb
index 2f99b954b..f12261de5 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/network_fix_ipv6_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/network_fix_ipv6_test.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::NetworkFixIPv6 do
 
   let(:machine) do
     iso_env.machine(iso_env.machine_names[0], :dummy).tap do |m|
-      m.provider.stub(driver: driver)
+      allow(m.provider).to receive(:driver).and_return(driver)
     end
   end
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::NetworkFixIPv6 do
         .and_return(private_network: { ip: 'fe:80::' })
       allow(UDPSocket).to receive(:new).with(Socket::AF_INET6)
         .and_return(socket)
-      socket.stub(:connect)
+      allow(socket).to receive(:connect)
     end
 
     it "only checks the interfaces associated with the VM" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/network_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/network_test.rb
index 0d1f262e2..e63abf8b8 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/network_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/network_test.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::Network do
 
   let(:machine) do
     iso_env.machine(iso_env.machine_names[0], :virtualbox).tap do |m|
-      m.provider.stub(driver: driver)
+      allow(m.provider).to receive(:driver).and_return(driver)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_settings_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_settings_test.rb
index c878b0227..9345b4011 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_settings_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_settings_test.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::PrepareNFSSettings do
 
   let(:machine) do
     iso_env.machine(iso_env.machine_names[0], :dummy).tap do |m|
-      m.provider.stub(driver: driver)
+      allow(m.provider).to receive(:driver).and_return(driver)
     end
   end
 
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::PrepareNFSSettings do
   end
 
   it "calls the next action in the chain" do
-    driver.stub(read_network_interfaces: {2 => {type: :hostonly, hostonly: "vmnet2"}})
-    driver.stub(read_host_only_interfaces: [{name: "vmnet2", ip: "1.2.3.4"}])
+    allow(driver).to receive(:read_network_interfaces).and_return({2 => {type: :hostonly, hostonly: "vmnet2"}})
+    allow(driver).to receive(:read_host_only_interfaces).and_return([{name: "vmnet2", ip: "1.2.3.4"}])
     allow(driver).to receive(:read_guest_ip).with(1).and_return("2.3.4.5")
 
     called = false
@@ -53,16 +53,16 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::PrepareNFSSettings do
 
     before do
       # We can't be on Windows, because NFS gets disabled on Windows
-      Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(windows?: false)
+      allow(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:windows?).and_return(false)
 
       env[:machine].config.vm.synced_folder("/host/path", "/guest/path", type: "nfs")
       env[:machine].config.finalize!
 
       # Stub out the stuff so it just works by default
-      driver.stub(read_network_interfaces: {
+      allow(driver).to receive(:read_network_interfaces).and_return({
         2 => {type: :hostonly, hostonly: "vmnet2"},
       })
-      driver.stub(read_host_only_interfaces: host_only_interfaces)
+      allow(driver).to receive(:read_host_only_interfaces).and_return(host_only_interfaces)
       allow(driver).to receive(:read_guest_ip).with(1).and_return("2.3.4.5")
 
       # override sleep to 0 so test does not take seconds
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_valid_ids_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_valid_ids_test.rb
index d6ed4cf9d..b3f05d525 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_valid_ids_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/action/prepare_nfs_valid_ids_test.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::PrepareNFSValidIds do
 
   let(:machine) do
     iso_env.machine(iso_env.machine_names[0], :dummy).tap do |m|
-      m.provider.stub(driver: driver)
+      allow(m.provider).to receive(:driver).and_return(driver)
     end
   end
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::PrepareNFSValidIds do
   subject { described_class.new(app, env) }
 
   before do
-    driver.stub(read_vms: {})
+    allow(driver).to receive(:read_vms).and_return({})
   end
 
   it "calls the next action in the chain" do
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Action::PrepareNFSValidIds do
 
   it "sets nfs_valid_ids" do
     hash = {"foo" => "1", "bar" => "4"}
-    driver.stub(read_vms: hash)
+    allow(driver).to receive(:read_vms).and_return(hash)
 
     subject.call(env)
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/cap_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/cap_test.rb
index 52eb9bc43..351b40c5f 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/cap_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/cap_test.rb
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Cap do
 
   let(:machine) do
     iso_env.machine(iso_env.machine_names[0], :dummy).tap do |m|
-      m.provider.stub(driver: driver)
-      m.stub(state: state)
+      allow(m.provider).to receive(:driver).and_return(driver)
+      allow(m).to receive(:state).and_return(state)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/config_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/config_test.rb
index 237eaa415..1b125cb42 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/config_test.rb
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Config do
 
   before do
     vm_config = double("vm_config")
-    vm_config.stub(networks: [])
+    allow(vm_config).to receive(:networks).and_return([])
     config = double("config")
-    config.stub(vm: vm_config)
-    machine.stub(config: config)
+    allow(config).to receive(:vm).and_return(vm_config)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:config).and_return(config)
   end
 
   its "valid by default" do
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Config do
   context "defaults" do
     before { subject.finalize! }
 
-    it { expect(subject.check_guest_additions).to be_true }
-    it { expect(subject.gui).to be_false }
+    it { expect(subject.check_guest_additions).to be(true) }
+    it { expect(subject.gui).to be(false) }
     it { expect(subject.name).to be_nil }
-    it { expect(subject.functional_vboxsf).to be_true }
+    it { expect(subject.functional_vboxsf).to be(true) }
 
     it "should have one NAT adapter" do
       expect(subject.network_adapters).to eql({
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/synced_folder_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/synced_folder_test.rb
index cbe93d573..1cbb51edd 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/synced_folder_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/providers/virtualbox/synced_folder_test.rb
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ require Vagrant.source_root.join("plugins/providers/virtualbox/synced_folder")
 describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::SyncedFolder do
   let(:machine) do
     double("machine").tap do |m|
-      m.stub(provider_config: VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Config.new)
-      m.stub(provider_name: :virtualbox)
+      allow(m).to receive(:provider_config).and_return(VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::Config.new)
+      allow(m).to receive(:provider_name).and_return(:virtualbox)
     end
   end
 
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::SyncedFolder do
 
   describe "usable" do
     it "should be with virtualbox provider" do
-      machine.stub(provider_name: :virtualbox)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:provider_name).and_return(:virtualbox)
       expect(subject).to be_usable(machine)
     end
 
     it "should not be with another provider" do
-      machine.stub(provider_name: :vmware_fusion)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:provider_name).and_return(:vmware_fusion)
       expect(subject).not_to be_usable(machine)
     end
 
@@ -39,11 +39,9 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::ProviderVirtualBox::SyncedFolder do
     let(:driver) { double("driver") }
 
     before do
-      machine.stub(driver: driver)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:driver).and_return(driver)
     end
 
-    it "should share the folders" do
-      pending
-    end
+    it "should share the folders"
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/guest_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/guest_test.rb
index 1b08182e6..92b7851c5 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/guest_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/guest_test.rb
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Ansible::Config::Guest do
     it "assigns default values to unset guest-specific options" do
       subject.finalize!
 
-      expect(subject.install).to be_true
+      expect(subject.install).to be(true)
       expect(subject.install_mode).to eql(:default)
       expect(subject.provisioning_path).to eql("/vagrant")
       expect(subject.tmp_path).to eql("/tmp/vagrant-ansible")
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/host_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/host_test.rb
index e8d7bc27a..1a23fecfe 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/host_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/host_test.rb
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Ansible::Config::Host, :skip_windows => true do
     it "assigns default values to unset host-specific options" do
       subject.finalize!
 
-      expect(subject.ask_sudo_pass).to be_false
-      expect(subject.ask_vault_pass).to be_false
-      expect(subject.force_remote_user).to be_true
-      expect(subject.host_key_checking).to be_false
+      expect(subject.ask_sudo_pass).to be(false)
+      expect(subject.ask_vault_pass).to be(false)
+      expect(subject.force_remote_user).to be(true)
+      expect(subject.host_key_checking).to be(false)
       expect(subject.raw_ssh_args).to be_nil
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/shared.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/shared.rb
index 92b2e0d90..d9bd8cca3 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/shared.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/config/shared.rb
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ shared_examples_for 'options shared by both Ansible provisioners' do
     expect(subject.raw_arguments).to be_nil
     expect(subject.skip_tags).to be_nil
     expect(subject.start_at_task).to be_nil
-    expect(subject.sudo).to be_false
+    expect(subject.sudo).to be(false)
     expect(subject.sudo_user).to be_nil
     expect(subject.tags).to be_nil
     expect(subject.vault_password_file).to be_nil
-    expect(subject.verbose).to be_false
+    expect(subject.verbose).to be(false)
   end
 
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/provisioner_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/provisioner_test.rb
index 699480eaf..2c4b014fe 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/provisioner_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/ansible/provisioner_test.rb
@@ -45,20 +45,22 @@ VF
     host: '127.0.0.1',
     port: 2223
   }}
+  let(:default_execute_result) { Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(0, "", "") }
 
   let(:existing_file) { File.expand_path(__FILE__) }
   let(:generated_inventory_dir) { File.join(machine.env.local_data_path, %w(provisioners ansible inventory)) }
   let(:generated_inventory_file) { File.join(generated_inventory_dir, 'vagrant_ansible_inventory') }
 
   before do
-    Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(solaris?: false)
+    allow(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:solaris?).and_return(false)
 
-    machine.stub(ssh_info: ssh_info)
-    machine.env.stub(active_machines: [[iso_env.machine_names[0], :dummy], [iso_env.machine_names[1], :dummy]])
+    allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return(ssh_info)
+    allow(machine.env).to receive(:active_machines)
+      .and_return([[iso_env.machine_names[0], :dummy], [iso_env.machine_names[1], :dummy]])
 
     stubbed_ui = Vagrant::UI::Colored.new
-    stubbed_ui.stub(detail: "")
-    machine.env.stub(ui: stubbed_ui)
+    allow(stubbed_ui).to receive(:detail).and_return("")
+    allow(machine.env).to receive(:ui).and_return(stubbed_ui)
 
     config.playbook = 'playbook.yml'
   end
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ VF
     expected_transport_mode = "ssh")
 
     it "sets implicit arguments in a specific order" do
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
 
         expect(args[0]).to eq("ansible-playbook")
         expect(args[1]).to eq("--connection=ssh")
@@ -84,11 +86,11 @@ VF
         expect(inventory_count).to be > 0
 
         expect(args[args.length-2]).to eq("playbook.yml")
-      }
+      }.and_return(default_execute_result)
     end
 
     it "sets --limit argument" do
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
         all_limits = args.select { |x| x =~ /^(--limit=|-l)/ }
         if config.raw_arguments
           raw_limits = config.raw_arguments.select { |x| x =~ /^(--limit=|-l)/ }
@@ -102,11 +104,11 @@ VF
             expect(all_limits.first).to eq("--limit=#{machine.name}")
           end
         end
-      }
+      }.and_return(default_execute_result)
     end
 
     it "exports environment variables" do
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
         cmd_opts = args.last
 
         if expected_host_key_checking
@@ -119,30 +121,30 @@ VF
         expect(cmd_opts[:env]).to_not include("ANSIBLE_NOCOLOR")
         expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING']).to eql(expected_host_key_checking.to_s)
         expect(cmd_opts[:env]['PYTHONUNBUFFERED']).to eql(1)
-      }
+      }.and_return(default_execute_result)
     end
 
     # "roughly" verify that only expected args/vars have been defined by the provisioner
     it "sets the expected number of arguments and environment variables" do
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
         expect(args.length-2).to eq(expected_args_count)
         expect(args.last[:env].length).to eq(expected_vars_count)
-      }
+      }.and_return(default_execute_result)
     end
 
     it "enables '#{expected_transport_mode}' as default transport mode" do
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
         index = args.rindex("--connection=#{expected_transport_mode}")
         expect(index).to be > 0
-        expect(find_last_argument_after(index, args, /--connection=\w+/)).to be_false
-      }
+        expect(find_last_argument_after(index, args, /--connection=\w+/)).to be(false)
+      }.and_return(default_execute_result)
     end
 
   end
 
   def self.it_should_set_optional_arguments(arg_map)
     it "sets optional arguments" do
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
         arg_map.each_pair do |vagrant_option, ansible_argument|
           index = args.index(ansible_argument)
           if config.send(vagrant_option)
@@ -151,25 +153,25 @@ VF
             expect(index).to be_nil
           end
         end
-      }
+      }.and_return(default_execute_result)
     end
   end
 
   def self.it_should_explicitly_enable_ansible_ssh_control_persist_defaults
     it "configures ControlPersist (like Ansible defaults) via ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS" do
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
         cmd_opts = args.last
         expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS']).to include("-o ControlMaster=auto")
         expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS']).to include("-o ControlPersist=60s")
-      }
+      }.and_return(default_execute_result)
     end
   end
 
   def self.it_should_create_and_use_generated_inventory(with_ssh_user = true)
     it "generates an inventory with all active machines" do
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
         expect(config.inventory_path).to be_nil
-        expect(File.exists?(generated_inventory_file)).to be_true
+        expect(File.exists?(generated_inventory_file)).to be(true)
         inventory_content = File.read(generated_inventory_file)
         if with_ssh_user
           expect(inventory_content).to include("#{machine.name} ansible_ssh_host=#{machine.ssh_info[:host]} ansible_ssh_port=#{machine.ssh_info[:port]} ansible_ssh_user='#{machine.ssh_info[:username]}' ansible_ssh_private_key_file='#{machine.ssh_info[:private_key_path][0]}'\n")
@@ -177,31 +179,32 @@ VF
           expect(inventory_content).to include("#{machine.name} ansible_ssh_host=#{machine.ssh_info[:host]} ansible_ssh_port=#{machine.ssh_info[:port]} ansible_ssh_private_key_file='#{machine.ssh_info[:private_key_path][0]}'\n")
         end
         expect(inventory_content).to include("# MISSING: '#{iso_env.machine_names[1]}' machine was probably removed without using Vagrant. This machine should be recreated.\n")
-      }
+      }.and_return(default_execute_result)
     end
 
     it "sets as ansible inventory the directory containing the auto-generated inventory file" do
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
         inventory_index = args.rindex("--inventory-file=#{generated_inventory_dir}")
         expect(inventory_index).to be > 0
-        expect(find_last_argument_after(inventory_index, args, /--inventory-file=\w+/)).to be_false
-      }
+        expect(find_last_argument_after(inventory_index, args, /--inventory-file=\w+/)).to be(false)
+      }.and_return(default_execute_result)
     end
   end
 
   describe "#provision" do
 
     before do
-      unless example.metadata[:skip_before]
+      unless RSpec.current_example.metadata[:skip_before]
         config.finalize!
 
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.stub(execute: Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(0, "", ""))
-        subject.stub(:check_path)
+        allow(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute)
+          .and_return(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(0, "", ""))
+        allow(subject).to receive(:check_path)
       end
     end
 
     after do
-      unless example.metadata[:skip_after]
+      unless RSpec.current_example.metadata[:skip_after]
         subject.provision
       end
     end
@@ -211,7 +214,7 @@ VF
       STUBBED_INVALID_PATH = "/test/239nfmd/invalid_path".freeze
 
       it 'raises an error when the `playbook` file does not exist', skip_before: true, skip_after: true do
-        subject.stub(:check_path).and_raise(VagrantPlugins::Ansible::Errors::AnsibleError,
+        allow(subject).to receive(:check_path).and_raise(VagrantPlugins::Ansible::Errors::AnsibleError,
           _key: :config_file_not_found,
           config_option: "playbook",
           path: STUBBED_INVALID_PATH,
@@ -226,7 +229,8 @@ VF
 
       %w(config_file extra_vars inventory_path galaxy_role_file vault_password_file).each do |option_name|
         it "raises an error when the '#{option_name}' does not exist", skip_before: true, skip_after: true do
-            Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.stub(execute: Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(0, "", ""))
+          allow(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute)
+            .and_return( Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(0, "", ""))
 
             config.playbook = existing_file
             config.send(option_name + '=', STUBBED_INVALID_PATH)
@@ -247,8 +251,8 @@ VF
       it "raises an error", skip_before: true, skip_after: true do
         config.finalize!
 
-        subject.stub(:check_path)
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.stub(execute: Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(1, "", ""))
+        allow(subject).to receive(:check_path)
+        allow(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).and_return(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(1, "", ""))
 
         expect {subject.provision}.to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::Ansible::Errors::AnsibleCommandFailed)
       end
@@ -259,18 +263,14 @@ VF
       it_should_create_and_use_generated_inventory
 
       it "does not add any group section to the generated inventory" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           inventory_content = File.read(generated_inventory_file)
           expect(inventory_content).to_not match(/^\s*\[^\\+\]\s*$/)
-
-          # Ending this block with a negative expectation (to_not / not_to)
-          # would lead to a failure of the above expectation.
-          true
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       it "doesn't show the ansible-playbook command" do
-        expect(machine.env.ui).not_to receive(:detail).with { |full_command|
+        expect(machine.env.ui).not_to receive(:detail).with(any_args) { |full_command|
           expect(full_command).to include("ansible-playbook")
         }
       end
@@ -282,9 +282,9 @@ VF
       end
 
       it "uses custom playbook_command to run playbooks" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args[0]).to eq("custom-ansible-playbook")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -295,40 +295,40 @@ VF
         config.host_vars = {
           machine1: {"http_port" => 80, "comments" => "'some text with spaces'"}
         }
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           inventory_content = File.read(generated_inventory_file)
           expect(inventory_content).to match("^" + Regexp.quote(machine.name) + ".+http_port=80 comments='some text with spaces'$")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       it "adds host variables (given in Array format) to the generated inventory" do
         config.host_vars = {
           machine1: ["http_port=80", "maxRequestsPerChild=808"]
         }
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           inventory_content = File.read(generated_inventory_file)
           expect(inventory_content).to match("^" + Regexp.quote(machine.name) + ".+http_port=80 maxRequestsPerChild=808")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       it "adds host variables (given in String format) to the generated inventory " do
         config.host_vars = {
           :machine1 => "http_port=80 maxRequestsPerChild=808"
         }
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           inventory_content = File.read(generated_inventory_file)
           expect(inventory_content).to match("^" + Regexp.quote(machine.name) + ".+http_port=80 maxRequestsPerChild=808")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       it "retrieves the host variables by machine name, also in String format" do
         config.host_vars = {
           "machine1" => "http_port=80 maxRequestsPerChild=808"
         }
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           inventory_content = File.read(generated_inventory_file)
           expect(inventory_content).to match("^" + Regexp.quote(machine.name) + ".+http_port=80 maxRequestsPerChild=808")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ VF
           "bar:children" => ["group1", "group2", "group3", "group5"],
         }
 
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           inventory_content = File.read(generated_inventory_file)
 
           # Accept String instead of Array for group member list
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ VF
           # A group of groups only includes declared groups
           expect(inventory_content).not_to include("group5")
           expect(inventory_content).to match(Regexp.quote("[bar:children]\ngroup1\ngroup2\ngroup3\n") + "$")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       it "adds group vars to the generated inventory" do
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ VF
           "group3:vars" => "stringvar1=stringvalue1 stringvar2=stringvalue2",
         }
 
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           inventory_content = File.read(generated_inventory_file)
 
           # Hash syntax
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ VF
 
           # Single string syntax
           expect(inventory_content).to include("[group3:vars]\nstringvar1=stringvalue1\nstringvar2=stringvalue2\n")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -421,11 +421,11 @@ VF
       it_should_set_optional_arguments({ "sudo_user" => "--sudo-user=root" })
 
       it "it does not set boolean flag when corresponding option is set to false" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args.index("--sudo")).to be_nil
           expect(args.index("--ask-sudo-pass")).to be_nil
           expect(args.index("--ask-vault-pass")).to be_nil
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -450,26 +450,26 @@ VF
       it_should_set_arguments_and_environment_variables 17, 4, false, "paramiko"
 
       it "sets all raw arguments" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           config.raw_arguments.each do |raw_arg|
             expect(args).to include(raw_arg)
           end
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       it "sets raw arguments after arguments related to supported options" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args.index("--user=lion")).to be > args.index("--user=testuser")
           expect(args.index("--inventory-file=/forget/it/my/friend")).to be > args.index("--inventory-file=#{generated_inventory_dir}")
           expect(args.index("--limit=bar")).to be > args.index("--limit=all")
           expect(args.index("--skip-tags=ignored")).to be > args.index("--skip-tags=foo,bar")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       it "sets boolean flag (e.g. --sudo) defined in raw_arguments, even if corresponding option is set to false" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args).to include('--sudo')
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
     end
@@ -492,10 +492,10 @@ VF
       it_should_set_arguments_and_environment_variables 6
 
       it "uses a --user argument to set a default remote user" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args).not_to include("--extra-vars=ansible_ssh_user='#{machine.ssh_info[:username]}'")
           expect(args).to include("--user=#{machine.ssh_info[:username]}")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -524,13 +524,13 @@ VF
 
       it "generates an inventory with winrm connection settings" do
 
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(config.inventory_path).to be_nil
-          expect(File.exists?(generated_inventory_file)).to be_true
+          expect(File.exists?(generated_inventory_file)).to be(true)
           inventory_content = File.read(generated_inventory_file)
 
           expect(inventory_content).to include("machine1 ansible_connection=winrm ansible_ssh_host=127.0.0.1 ansible_ssh_port=55986 ansible_ssh_user='winner' ansible_ssh_pass='winword'\n")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       describe "with force_remote_user option disabled" do
@@ -539,12 +539,12 @@ VF
         end
 
         it "doesn't set the ansible remote user in inventory and use '--user' argument with the vagrant ssh username" do
-          expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+          expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
             inventory_content = File.read(generated_inventory_file)
 
             expect(inventory_content).to include("machine1 ansible_connection=winrm ansible_ssh_host=127.0.0.1 ansible_ssh_port=55986 ansible_ssh_pass='winword'\n")
             expect(args).to include("--user=testuser")
-          }
+          }.and_return(default_execute_result)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -557,18 +557,18 @@ VF
       it_should_set_arguments_and_environment_variables 6
 
       it "does not generate the inventory and uses given inventory path instead" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args).to include("--inventory-file=#{existing_file}")
           expect(args).not_to include("--inventory-file=#{generated_inventory_file}")
-          expect(File.exists?(generated_inventory_file)).to be_false
-        }
+          expect(File.exists?(generated_inventory_file)).to be(false)
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       it "uses an --extra-vars argument to force ansible_ssh_user parameter" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args).not_to include("--user=#{machine.ssh_info[:username]}")
           expect(args).to include("--extra-vars=ansible_ssh_user='#{machine.ssh_info[:username]}'")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       describe "with force_remote_user option disabled" do
@@ -577,10 +577,10 @@ VF
         end
 
         it "uses a --user argument to set a default remote user" do
-          expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+          expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
             expect(args).not_to include("--extra-vars=ansible_ssh_user='#{machine.ssh_info[:username]}'")
             expect(args).to include("--user=#{machine.ssh_info[:username]}")
-          }
+          }.and_return(default_execute_result)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -591,11 +591,11 @@ VF
       end
 
       it "sets ANSIBLE_CONFIG environment variable" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           cmd_opts = args.last
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]).to include("ANSIBLE_CONFIG")
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_CONFIG']).to eql(existing_file)
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -607,9 +607,9 @@ VF
       it_should_set_arguments_and_environment_variables 6
 
       it "should ask the vault password" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args).to include("--ask-vault-pass")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -621,9 +621,9 @@ VF
       it_should_set_arguments_and_environment_variables 6
 
       it "uses the given vault password file" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args).to include("--vault-password-file=#{existing_file}")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -636,12 +636,12 @@ VF
       it_should_explicitly_enable_ansible_ssh_control_persist_defaults
 
       it "passes custom SSH options via ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS with the highest priority" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           cmd_opts = args.last
           raw_opt_index = cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS'].index("-o ControlMaster=no")
           default_opt_index = cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS'].index("-o ControlMaster=auto")
           expect(raw_opt_index).to be < default_opt_index
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       describe "and with ssh forwarding enabled" do
@@ -650,12 +650,12 @@ VF
         end
 
         it "sets '-o ForwardAgent=yes' via ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS with higher priority than raw_ssh_args values" do
-          expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+          expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
             cmd_opts = args.last
             forwardAgentYes = cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS'].index("-o ForwardAgent=yes")
             forwardAgentNo = cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS'].index("-o ForwardAgent=no")
             expect(forwardAgentYes).to be < forwardAgentNo
-          }
+          }.and_return(default_execute_result)
         end
       end
 
@@ -670,11 +670,11 @@ VF
       it_should_explicitly_enable_ansible_ssh_control_persist_defaults
 
       it "passes additional Identity Files via ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           cmd_opts = args.last
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS']).to include("-o IdentityFile=/an/other/identity")
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS']).to include("-o IdentityFile=/yet/an/other/key")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -682,13 +682,13 @@ VF
       before do
         ssh_info[:private_key_path] = ['/foo%bar/key', '/bar%%buz/key']
       end
-      
+
       it "replaces `%` with `%%`" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           cmd_opts = args.last
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS']).to include("-o IdentityFile=/foo%%bar/key")
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS']).to include("-o IdentityFile=/bar%%%%buz/key")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -701,10 +701,10 @@ VF
       it_should_explicitly_enable_ansible_ssh_control_persist_defaults
 
       it "enables SSH-Forwarding via ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           cmd_opts = args.last
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS']).to include("-o ForwardAgent=yes")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -714,10 +714,10 @@ VF
       end
 
       it "sets '-o ProxyCommand' via ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           cmd_opts = args.last
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS']).to include("-o ProxyCommand='ssh -W %h:%p -q user@remote_libvirt_host'")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ VF
           it_should_set_optional_arguments({ "verbose" => "-#{verbose_option}" })
 
           it "shows the ansible-playbook command and set verbosity to '-#{verbose_option}' level" do
-            expect(machine.env.ui).to receive(:detail).with { |full_command|
+            expect(machine.env.ui).to receive(:detail).with(any_args) { |full_command|
               expect(full_command).to eq("PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 ANSIBLE_FORCE_COLOR=true ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=false ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS='-o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o IdentitiesOnly=yes -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s' ansible-playbook --connection=ssh --timeout=30 --limit=\"machine1\" --inventory-file=#{generated_inventory_dir} -#{verbose_option} playbook.yml")
             }
           end
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ VF
           it_should_set_optional_arguments({ "verbose" => "-#{verbose_option}" })
 
           it "shows the ansible-playbook command and set verbosity to '-#{verbose_option}' level" do
-            expect(machine.env.ui).to receive(:detail).with { |full_command|
+            expect(machine.env.ui).to receive(:detail).with(any_args) { |full_command|
               expect(full_command).to eq("PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 ANSIBLE_FORCE_COLOR=true ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=false ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS='-o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o IdentitiesOnly=yes -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s' ansible-playbook --connection=ssh --timeout=30 --limit=\"machine1\" --inventory-file=#{generated_inventory_dir} -#{verbose_option} playbook.yml")
             }
           end
@@ -764,7 +764,7 @@ VF
         it_should_set_optional_arguments({ "verbose" => "-v" })
 
         it "shows the ansible-playbook command and set verbosity to '-v' level" do
-          expect(machine.env.ui).to receive(:detail).with { |full_command|
+          expect(machine.env.ui).to receive(:detail).with(any_args) { |full_command|
             expect(full_command).to eq("PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 ANSIBLE_FORCE_COLOR=true ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=false ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS='-o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o IdentitiesOnly=yes -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s' ansible-playbook --connection=ssh --timeout=30 --limit=\"machine1\" --inventory-file=#{generated_inventory_dir} -v playbook.yml")
           }
         end
@@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ VF
         it_should_set_arguments_and_environment_variables
 
         it "doesn't show the ansible-playbook command" do
-          expect(machine.env.ui).not_to receive(:detail).with { |full_command|
+          expect(machine.env.ui).not_to receive(:detail).with(any_args) { |full_command|
             expect(full_command).to include("ansible-playbook")
           }
         end
@@ -788,15 +788,15 @@ VF
 
     describe "without colorized output" do
       before do
-        machine.env.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Basic.new)
+        allow(machine.env).to receive(:ui).and_return(Vagrant::UI::Basic.new)
       end
 
       it "disables ansible-playbook colored output" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           cmd_opts = args.last
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]).to_not include("ANSIBLE_FORCE_COLOR")
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_NOCOLOR']).to eql("true")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -809,15 +809,21 @@ VF
       it "raises an error when ansible-galaxy command fails", skip_before: true, skip_after: true do
         config.finalize!
 
-        subject.stub(:check_path)
-        Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.stub(execute: Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(1, "", ""))
+        allow(subject).to receive(:check_path)
+        allow(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute)
+          .and_return(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(1, "", ""))
 
         expect {subject.provision}.to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::Ansible::Errors::AnsibleCommandFailed)
       end
 
-      it "execute ansible-galaxy and ansible-playbook" do
-        # TODO: to be improved, but I'm currenty facing some issues, maybe only present in RSpec 2.14...
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).twice
+      it "execute ansible-galaxy, and then ansible-playbook" do
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |cmd, *args|
+          expect(cmd).to eq("ansible-galaxy")
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
+
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |cmd, *args|
+          expect(cmd).to eq("ansible-playbook")
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       describe "with verbose option enabled" do
@@ -835,11 +841,11 @@ VF
       end
 
       it "sets ANSIBLE_ROLES_PATH with corresponding absolute path" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           cmd_opts = args.last
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]).to include("ANSIBLE_ROLES_PATH")
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_ROLES_PATH']).to eql(File.join(machine.env.root_path, "my-roles"))
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -906,17 +912,17 @@ VF
                                         })
 
       it "also includes given raw arguments" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args).to include("--why-not")
           expect(args).to include("--su-user=foot")
           expect(args).to include("--ask-su-pass")
           expect(args).to include("--limit=all")
           expect(args).to include("--private-key=./myself.key")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       it "shows the ansible-playbook command, with additional quotes when required" do
-        expect(machine.env.ui).to receive(:detail).with { |full_command|
+        expect(machine.env.ui).to receive(:detail).with(any_args) { |full_command|
           expect(full_command).to eq(%Q(PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 ANSIBLE_FORCE_COLOR=true ANSIBLE_ROLES_PATH='/up/to the stars' ANSIBLE_CONFIG='#{existing_file}' ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=true ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS='-o IdentitiesOnly=yes -o IdentityFile=/my/key1 -o IdentityFile=/my/key2 -o ForwardAgent=yes -o ControlMaster=no -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s' ansible-playbook --connection=ssh --timeout=30 --ask-sudo-pass --ask-vault-pass --limit="machine*:&vagrant:!that_one" --inventory-file=#{generated_inventory_dir} --extra-vars="{\\"var1\\":\\"string with 'apostrophes', \\\\\\\\, \\\\\\" and =\\",\\"var2\\":{\\"x\\":42}}" --sudo --sudo-user=deployer -vvv --vault-password-file=#{existing_file} --tags=db,www --skip-tags=foo,bar --start-at-task="joe's awesome task" --why-not --su-user=foot --ask-su-pass --limit=all --private-key=./myself.key --extra-vars='{\"var3\":\"foo\"}' playbook.yml))
         }
       end
@@ -936,21 +942,21 @@ VF
       }}
       let(:fake_host_vm) {
         double("host_vm").tap do |h|
-          h.stub(ssh_info: fake_host_ssh_info)
+          allow(h).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return(fake_host_ssh_info)
         end
       }
 
       before do
-        machine.stub(provider_name: :docker)
-        machine.provider.stub(host_vm?: true)
-        machine.provider.stub(host_vm: fake_host_vm)
+        allow(machine).to receive(:provider_name).and_return(:docker)
+        allow(machine.provider).to receive(:host_vm?).and_return(true)
+        allow(machine.provider).to receive(:host_vm).and_return(fake_host_vm)
       end
 
       it "uses an SSH ProxyCommand to reach the VM" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           cmd_opts = args.last
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS']).to include("-o ProxyCommand='ssh boot9docker@127.0.0.1 -p 2299 -i /path/to/docker/host/key -o Compression=yes -o ConnectTimeout=5 -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no exec nc %h %p 2>/dev/null'")
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
 
@@ -960,12 +966,12 @@ VF
 
     context "on a Windows host" do
       before do
-        Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(windows?: true)
-        machine.ui.stub(:warn)
+        allow(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:windows?).and_return(true)
+        allow(machine.ui).to receive(:warn)
       end
 
       it "warns that Windows is not officially supported for the Ansible control machine" do
-        expect(machine.env.ui).to receive(:warn).with { |warning|
+        expect(machine.env.ui).to receive(:warn).with(any_args) { |warning|
           expect(warning).to eq(I18n.t("vagrant.provisioners.ansible.windows_not_supported_for_control_machine"))
         }
       end
@@ -973,32 +979,24 @@ VF
 
     context "on a Solaris-like host" do
       before do
-        Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(solaris?: true)
+        allow(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:solaris?).and_return(true)
       end
 
       it "does not set IdentitiesOnly=yes in ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           cmd_opts = args.last
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS']).to_not include("-o IdentitiesOnly=yes")
-
-          # Ending this block with a negative expectation (to_not / not_to)
-          # would lead to a failure of the above expectation.
-          true
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
 
       describe "and with host_key_checking option enabled" do
         it "does not set ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS environment variable" do
           config.host_key_checking = true
 
-          expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+          expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
             cmd_opts = args.last
             expect(cmd_opts[:env]).to_not include('ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS')
-
-            # Ending this block with a negative expectation (to_not / not_to)
-            # would lead to a failure of the above expectation.
-            true
-          }
+          }.and_return(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(0, "", ""))
         end
       end
 
@@ -1008,14 +1006,10 @@ VF
       it 'does not set IdentitiesOnly=yes in ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS' do
         ssh_info[:keys_only] = false
 
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           cmd_opts = args.last
           expect(cmd_opts[:env]['ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS']).to_not include("-o IdentitiesOnly=yes")
-
-          # Ending this block with a negative expectation (to_not / not_to)
-          # would lead to a failure of the above expectation.
-          true
-        }
+        }.and_return(default_execute_result)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/command_builder_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/command_builder_test.rb
index e2359d917..1eb7315c8 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/command_builder_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/chef/command_builder_test.rb
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Chef::CommandBuilder do
 
   describe ".initialize" do
     it "raises an error when chef type is not client or solo" do
-      expect { VagrantPlugins::Chef::CommandBuilder.new(chef_config, :client_bad) }.
-        to raise_error
+      expect { VagrantPlugins::Chef::CommandBuilder.new(:client_bad, chef_config) }.
+        to raise_error(RuntimeError)
     end
 
     it "does not raise an error for :client" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/docker/config_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/docker/config_test.rb
index a0952bb60..2145be87e 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/docker/config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/docker/config_test.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 require File.expand_path("../../../../base", __FILE__)
 
 require Vagrant.source_root.join("plugins/provisioners/docker/config")
+require Vagrant.source_root.join("plugins/provisioners/docker/provisioner")
 require Vagrant.source_root.join("plugins/kernel_v2/config/vm")
 
 describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvisioner::Config do
@@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvisioner::Config do
   describe "#post_install_provision" do
     it "raises an error if 'docker' provisioner was provided" do
       expect {subject.post_install_provision("myprov", :type=>"docker", :inline=>"echo 'hello'")}
-        .to raise_error()
+        .to raise_error(VagrantPlugins::DockerProvisioner::DockerError)
     end
 
     it "setups a basic provisioner" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/docker/provisioner_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/docker/provisioner_test.rb
index 29890dac6..f91ed657a 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/docker/provisioner_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/docker/provisioner_test.rb
@@ -22,21 +22,21 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvisioner::Provisioner do
   let(:hook)         { double("hook") }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(communicate: communicator)
-    machine.stub(guest: guest)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:guest).and_return(guest)
 
-    communicator.stub(execute: true)
-    communicator.stub(upload: true)
+    allow(communicator).to receive(:execute).and_return(true)
+    allow(communicator).to receive(:upload).and_return(true)
 
-    guest.stub(capability?: false)
-    guest.stub(capability: false)
+    allow(guest).to receive(:capability?).and_return(false)
+    allow(guest).to receive(:capability).and_return(false)
 
-    client.stub(start_service: true)
-    client.stub(daemon_running?: true)
+    allow(client).to receive(:start_service).and_return(true)
+    allow(client).to receive(:daemon_running?).and_return(true)
 
-    config.stub(images: Set.new)
-    config.stub(build_images: Set.new)
-    config.stub(containers: Hash.new)
+    allow(config).to receive(:images).and_return(Set.new)
+    allow(config).to receive(:build_images).and_return(Set.new)
+    allow(config).to receive(:containers).and_return(Hash.new)
   end
 
   describe "#provision" do
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvisioner::Provisioner do
     end
 
     it "invokes a post_install_provisioner if defined and docker is installed" do
-      installer.stub(ensure_installed: true)
+      allow(installer).to receive(:ensure_installed).and_return(true)
       allow(config).to receive(:post_install_provisioner).and_return(provisioner)
       allow(machine).to receive(:env).and_return(iso_env)
       allow(machine.env).to receive(:hook).and_return(true)
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::DockerProvisioner::Provisioner do
     end
 
     it "does not invoke post_install_provisioner if not defined" do
-      installer.stub(ensure_installed: true)
+      allow(installer).to receive(:ensure_installed).and_return(true)
       allow(config).to receive(:post_install_provisioner).and_return(nil)
       allow(machine).to receive(:env).and_return(iso_env)
       allow(machine.env).to receive(:hook).and_return(true)
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/file/provisioner_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/file/provisioner_test.rb
index 4dc692eac..a42f1169c 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/file/provisioner_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/file/provisioner_test.rb
@@ -20,19 +20,19 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::FileUpload::Provisioner do
   let(:guest)        { double("guest") }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(communicate: communicator)
-    machine.stub(guest: guest)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:guest).and_return(guest)
 
-    communicator.stub(execute: true)
-    communicator.stub(upload: true)
+    allow(communicator).to receive(:execute).and_return(true)
+    allow(communicator).to receive(:upload).and_return(true)
 
-    guest.stub(capability?: false)
+    allow(guest).to receive(:capability?).and_return(false)
   end
 
   describe "#provision" do
     it "creates the destination directory" do
-      config.stub(source: "/source")
-      config.stub(destination: "/foo/bar")
+      allow(config).to receive(:source).and_return("/source")
+      allow(config).to receive(:destination).and_return("/foo/bar")
 
       expect(communicator).to receive(:execute).with("mkdir -p /foo")
 
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::FileUpload::Provisioner do
     end
 
     it "uploads the file" do
-      config.stub(source: "/source")
-      config.stub(destination: "/foo/bar")
+      allow(config).to receive(:source).and_return("/source")
+      allow(config).to receive(:destination).and_return("/foo/bar")
 
       expect(communicator).to receive(:upload).with("/source", "/foo/bar")
 
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::FileUpload::Provisioner do
     end
 
     it "expands the source file path" do
-      config.stub(source: "source")
-      config.stub(destination: "/foo/bar")
+      allow(config).to receive(:source).and_return("source")
+      allow(config).to receive(:destination).and_return("/foo/bar")
 
       expect(communicator).to receive(:upload).with(
         File.expand_path("source"), "/foo/bar")
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::FileUpload::Provisioner do
     end
 
     it "expands the destination file path if capable" do
-      config.stub(source: "/source")
-      config.stub(destination: "$HOME/foo")
+      allow(config).to receive(:source).and_return("/source")
+      allow(config).to receive(:destination).and_return("$HOME/foo")
 
       expect(guest).to receive(:capability?).
         with(:shell_expand_guest_path).and_return(true)
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/salt/provisioner_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/salt/provisioner_test.rb
index 93ce44a87..b203ea332 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/salt/provisioner_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/salt/provisioner_test.rb
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::Salt::Provisioner do
   let(:guest)        { double("guest") }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(communicate: communicator)
-    machine.stub(guest: guest)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:guest).and_return(guest)
 
-    communicator.stub(execute: true)
-    communicator.stub(upload: true)
+    allow(communicator).to receive(:execute).and_return(true)
+    allow(communicator).to receive(:upload).and_return(true)
 
-    guest.stub(capability?: false)
+    allow(guest).to receive(:capability?).and_return(false)
   end
 
   describe "#provision" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/shell/provisioner_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/shell/provisioner_test.rb
index ef977fb2f..db431ccef 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/shell/provisioner_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/provisioners/shell/provisioner_test.rb
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ describe "Vagrant::Shell::Provisioner" do
   let(:env){ isolated_environment }
   let(:machine) {
     double(:machine, env: env, id: "ID").tap { |machine|
-      machine.stub_chain(:config, :vm, :communicator).and_return(:not_winrm)
-      machine.stub_chain(:communicate, :tap) {}
+      allow(machine).to receive_message_chain(:config, :vm, :communicator).and_return(:not_winrm)
+      allow(machine).to receive_message_chain(:communicate, :tap) {}
     }
   }
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ describe "Vagrant::Shell::Provisioner" do
 
       let(:digest){ double("digest") }
       before do
-        Vagrant::Util::Downloader.any_instance.should_receive(:execute_curl).and_return(true)
+        allow_any_instance_of(Vagrant::Util::Downloader).to receive(:execute_curl).and_return(true)
         allow(digest).to receive(:file).and_return(digest)
         expect(Digest::SHA1).to receive(:new).and_return(digest)
         expect(digest).to receive(:hexdigest).and_return('INVALID_VALUE')
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ describe "Vagrant::Shell::Provisioner" do
 
       let(:digest){ double("digest") }
       before do
-        Vagrant::Util::Downloader.any_instance.should_receive(:execute_curl).and_return(true)
+        allow_any_instance_of(Vagrant::Util::Downloader).to receive(:execute_curl).and_return(true)
         allow(digest).to receive(:file).and_return(digest)
         expect(Digest::MD5).to receive(:new).and_return(digest)
         expect(digest).to receive(:hexdigest).and_return('INVALID_VALUE')
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/pushes/ftp/adapter_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/pushes/ftp/adapter_test.rb
index b577ee49d..93888f840 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/pushes/ftp/adapter_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/pushes/ftp/adapter_test.rb
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::FTPPush::SFTPAdapter do
   describe "#upload" do
     it "uploads the file" do
       pending "a way to mock an SFTP server"
+      test_with_mock_sftp_server
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/action_cleanup_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/action_cleanup_test.rb
index fb2ea5c2a..e87ce2827 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/action_cleanup_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/action_cleanup_test.rb
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderNFS::ActionCleanup do
   subject { described_class.new(app, env) }
 
   before do
-    machine.env.stub(host: host)
+    allow(machine.env).to receive(:host).and_return(host)
   end
 
   it "does nothing if there are no valid IDs" do
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/config_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/config_test.rb
index c513e2889..670dfb394 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/config_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/nfs/config_test.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderNFS::Config do
       subject.finalize!
     end
 
-    its(:functional) { should be_true }
+    its(:functional) { should be(true) }
     its(:map_gid) { should eq(:auto) }
     its(:map_uid) { should eq(:auto) }
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_auto_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_auto_test.rb
index 0317c4195..2070f1cef 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_auto_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_auto_test.rb
@@ -34,17 +34,17 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::Command::RsyncAuto do
 
   def machine_stub(name)
     double(name).tap do |m|
-      m.stub(id: "foo")
-      m.stub(reload: nil)
-      m.stub(ssh_info: ssh_info)
-      m.stub(ui: iso_env.ui)
-      m.stub(provider: double("provider"))
-      m.stub(state: double("state", id: :not_created))
-      m.stub(env: iso_env)
-      m.stub(config: double("config"))
+      allow(m).to receive(:id).and_return("foo")
+      allow(m).to receive(:reload).and_return(nil)
+      allow(m).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return(ssh_info)
+      allow(m).to receive(:ui).and_return(iso_env.ui)
+      allow(m).to receive(:provider).and_return(double("provider"))
+      allow(m).to receive(:state).and_return(double("state", id: :not_created))
+      allow(m).to receive(:env).and_return(iso_env)
+      allow(m).to receive(:config).and_return(double("config"))
 
 
-      m.ui.stub(error: nil)
+      allow(m.ui).to receive(:error).and_return(nil)
     end
   end
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::Command::RsyncAuto do
 
   subject do
     described_class.new(argv, iso_env).tap do |s|
-      s.stub(synced_folders: synced_folders_empty)
+      allow(s).to receive(:synced_folders).and_return(synced_folders_empty)
     end
   end
 
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::Command::RsyncAuto do
       ]
 
       paths["/foo"].each do |data|
-        data[:machine].stub(id: nil)
+        allow(data[:machine]).to receive(:id).and_return(nil)
         expect(helper_class).to_not receive(:rsync_single)
       end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_test.rb
index 4be389d9f..5cfa4908b 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/command/rsync_test.rb
@@ -21,14 +21,14 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::Command::Rsync do
 
   subject do
     described_class.new(argv, iso_env).tap do |s|
-      s.stub(synced_folders: synced_folders)
+      allow(s).to receive(:synced_folders).and_return(synced_folders)
     end
   end
 
   before do
     iso_env.machine_names.each do |name|
       m = iso_env.machine(name, iso_env.default_provider)
-      m.stub(communicate: communicator)
+      allow(m).to receive(:communicate).and_return(communicator)
     end
   end
 
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::Command::Rsync do
       let(:machine) { iso_env.machine(iso_env.machine_names[0], iso_env.default_provider) }
 
       before do
-        communicator.stub(ready?: true)
-        machine.stub(ssh_info: ssh_info)
+        allow(communicator).to receive(:ready?).and_return(true)
+        allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return(ssh_info)
 
         synced_folders[:rsync] = [
           [:one, {}],
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::Command::Rsync do
       end
 
       it "doesn't sync if communicator isn't ready and exits with 1" do
-        communicator.stub(ready?: false)
+        allow(communicator).to receive(:ready?).and_return(false)
 
         expect(helper_class).to receive(:rsync_single).never
 
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/helper_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/helper_test.rb
index 4640b5977..3eae7b51f 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/helper_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/helper_test.rb
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
   subject { described_class }
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(guest: guest)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:guest).and_return(guest)
 
     # Don't do all the crazy Cygwin stuff
     allow(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:cygwin_path) do |path, **opts|
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
     let(:ui)        { machine.ui }
 
     before do
-      Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.stub(execute: result)
+      allow(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute){ result }
 
-      guest.stub(capability?: false)
+      allow(guest).to receive(:capability?){ false }
     end
 
     it "doesn't raise an error if it succeeds" do
@@ -74,25 +74,25 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
     end
 
     it "doesn't call cygwin_path on non-Windows" do
-      Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(windows?: false)
+      allow(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:windows?).and_return(false)
       expect(Vagrant::Util::Platform).not_to receive(:cygwin_path)
       subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
     end
 
     it "calls cygwin_path on Windows" do
-      Vagrant::Util::Platform.stub(windows?: true)
+      allow(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:windows?).and_return(true)
       expect(Vagrant::Util::Platform).to receive(:cygwin_path).and_return("foo")
 
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
         expect(args[args.length - 3]).to eql("foo/")
-      }
+      }.and_return(result)
 
       subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
     end
 
     it "raises an error if the exit code is non-zero" do
-      Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.stub(
-        execute: Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(1, "", ""))
+      allow(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute)
+        .and_return(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess::Result.new(1, "", ""))
 
       expect {subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::RSyncError)
@@ -103,11 +103,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
         opts[:hostpath] = "/foo"
         opts[:guestpath] = "/bar"
 
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expected = Vagrant::Util::Platform.fs_real_path("/foo").to_s
           expect(args[args.length - 3]).to eql("#{expected}/")
           expect(args[args.length - 2]).to include("/bar")
-        }
+        }.and_return(result)
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
@@ -118,22 +118,22 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
 
         hostpath_expanded = File.expand_path(opts[:hostpath], machine.env.root_path)
 
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args[args.length - 3]).to eql("#{hostpath_expanded}/")
           expect(args[args.length - 2]).to include("/bar")
-        }
+        }.and_return(result)
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
     end
 
     it "executes within the root path" do
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
         expect(args.last).to be_kind_of(Hash)
 
         opts = args.last
         expect(opts[:workdir]).to eql(machine.env.root_path.to_s)
-      }
+      }.and_return(result)
 
       subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
     end
@@ -158,11 +158,11 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
       it "excludes files if given as a string" do
         opts[:exclude] = "foo"
 
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           index = args.find_index("foo")
           expect(index).to be > 0
           expect(args[index-1]).to eql("--exclude")
-        }
+        }.and_return(result)
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
       it "excludes multiple files" do
         opts[:exclude] = ["foo", "bar"]
 
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           index = args.find_index("foo")
           expect(index).to be > 0
           expect(args[index-1]).to eql("--exclude")
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
           index = args.find_index("bar")
           expect(index).to be > 0
           expect(args[index-1]).to eql("--exclude")
-        }
+        }.and_return(result)
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
@@ -186,14 +186,14 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
 
     context "custom arguments" do
       it "uses the default arguments if not given" do
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args[1]).to eq("--verbose")
           expect(args[2]).to eq("--archive")
           expect(args[3]).to eq("--delete")
 
           expected = Vagrant::Util::Platform.fs_real_path("/foo").to_s
           expect(args[args.length - 3]).to eql("#{expected}/")
-        }
+        }.and_return(result)
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
@@ -201,13 +201,13 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
       it "uses the custom arguments if given" do
         opts[:args] = ["--verbose", "-z"]
 
-        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+        expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
           expect(args[1]).to eq("--verbose")
           expect(args[2]).to eq("-z")
 
           expected = Vagrant::Util::Platform.fs_real_path("/foo").to_s
           expect(args[args.length - 3]).to eql("#{expected}/")
-        }
+        }.and_return(result)
 
         subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
       end
@@ -228,19 +228,19 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
     let(:ui)        { machine.ui }
 
     before do
-      Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.stub(execute: result)
+      allow(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute){ result }
 
-      guest.stub(capability?: false)
+      allow(guest).to receive(:capability?){ false }
     end
 
     it "includes IdentitiesOnly, StrictHostKeyChecking, and UserKnownHostsFile with defaults" do
 
-      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with { |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute).with(any_args) { |*args|
         expect(args[9]).to include('IdentitiesOnly')
         expect(args[9]).to include('StrictHostKeyChecking')
         expect(args[9]).to include('UserKnownHostsFile')
         expect(args[9]).to include("-i '/path/to/key'")
-      }
+      }.and_return(result)
 
       subject.rsync_single(machine, ssh_info, opts)
     end
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
     it "omits IdentitiesOnly with keys_only = false" do
       ssh_info[:keys_only] = false
 
-      Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute) do |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute) do |*args|
         expect(args[9]).not_to include('IdentitiesOnly')
         result
       end
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper do
     it "omits StrictHostKeyChecking and UserKnownHostsFile with paranoid = true" do
       ssh_info[:keys_only] = false
 
-      Vagrant::Util::Subprocess.should_receive(:execute) do |*args|
+      expect(Vagrant::Util::Subprocess).to receive(:execute) do |*args|
         expect(args[9]).not_to include('StrictHostKeyChecking ')
         expect(args[9]).not_to include('UserKnownHostsFile ')
         result
diff --git a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/synced_folder_test.rb b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/synced_folder_test.rb
index 07d2d4b53..02567b9c1 100644
--- a/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/synced_folder_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/plugins/synced_folders/rsync/synced_folder_test.rb
@@ -19,19 +19,19 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::SyncedFolder do
   let(:helper_class) { VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::RsyncHelper }
 
   before do
-    machine.env.stub(host: host)
-    machine.stub(guest: guest)
+    allow(machine.env).to receive(:host).and_return(host)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:guest).and_return(guest)
   end
 
   describe "#usable?" do
     it "is usable if rsync can be found" do
       expect(Vagrant::Util::Which).to receive(:which).with("rsync").and_return(true)
-      expect(subject.usable?(machine)).to be_true
+      expect(subject.usable?(machine)).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "is not usable if rsync cant be found" do
       expect(Vagrant::Util::Which).to receive(:which).with("rsync").and_return(false)
-      expect(subject.usable?(machine)).to be_false
+      expect(subject.usable?(machine)).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if asked to" do
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe VagrantPlugins::SyncedFolderRSync::SyncedFolder do
     }}
 
     before do
-      machine.stub(ssh_info: ssh_info)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:ssh_info).and_return(ssh_info)
       allow(guest).to receive(:capability?).with(:rsync_installed)
     end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_add_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_add_test.rb
index d3dd8ab33..ef33328a3 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_add_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_add_test.rb
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
   end
 
   before do
-    box_collection.stub(find: nil)
+    allow(box_collection).to receive(:find).and_return(nil)
   end
 
   context "with box file directly" do
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
       env[:box_name] = "foo"
       env[:box_url] = box_path.to_s
 
-      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo")
         expect(version).to eq("0")
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
         box_path.to_s,
       ]
 
-      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo")
         expect(version).to eq("0")
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
         env[:box_name] = "foo"
         env[:box_url] = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}/#{box_path.basename}"
 
-        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
           expect(name).to eq("foo")
           expect(version).to eq("0")
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
         env[:box_name] = "foo"
         env[:box_url] = "ftp://127.0.0.1:#{port}/#{box_path.basename}"
 
-        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
           expect(name).to eq("foo")
           expect(version).to eq("0")
@@ -267,8 +267,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
       env[:box_url] = box_path.to_s
       env[:box_provider] = "virtualbox"
 
-      box_collection.stub(find: box)
-      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+      allow(box_collection).to receive(:find).and_return(box)
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo")
         expect(version).to eq("0")
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
           box_url_name = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}/#{box_path.basename}"
           env[:box_name] = box_url_name
 
-          expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+          expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
             expect(name).to eq(box_url_name)
             expect(version).to eq("0")
             expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to be_nil
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
           box_url_name = "box name with spaces"
           env[:box_name] = box_url_name
 
-          expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+          expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
             expect(name).to eq(box_url_name)
             expect(version).to eq("0")
             expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to be_nil
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
           env[:box_name] = "foo"
           env[:box_url] = "http://#{username}:#{password}@127.0.0.1:#{port}/#{box_path.basename}"
 
-          expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+          expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
             expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
             expect(name).to eq("foo")
             expect(version).to eq("0")
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
       with_web_server(md_path) do |port|
         env[:box_url] = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}/#{md_path.basename}"
 
-        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
           expect(version).to eq("0.7")
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
       with_web_server(md_path, **opts) do |port|
         env[:box_url] = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}/#{md_path.basename}"
 
-        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
           expect(version).to eq("0.7")
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
         url = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}"
         env[:box_url] = "mitchellh/precise64.json"
 
-        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(name).to eq("mitchellh/precise64")
           expect(version).to eq("0.7")
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
         env[:box_url] = "mitchellh/precise64.json"
         env[:box_server_url] = url
 
-        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(name).to eq("mitchellh/precise64")
           expect(version).to eq("0.7")
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
           end
         end
 
-        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
           expect(version).to eq("0.7")
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
       with_web_server(md_path) do |port|
         env[:box_url] = "http://127.0.0.1:#{port}/#{md_path.basename}"
 
-        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+        expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
           expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
           expect(version).to eq("0.7")
           expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
       expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).never
       expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
-      Vagrant.stub(server_url: nil)
+      allow(Vagrant).to receive(:server_url).and_return(nil)
 
       expect { subject.call(env) }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::BoxServerNotSet)
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
       end
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
-      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
@@ -820,7 +820,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_provider] = "vmware"
-      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
@@ -869,7 +869,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_provider] = "vmware"
-      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
@@ -909,7 +909,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_version] = "~> 0.1"
-      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.5")
@@ -954,7 +954,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_provider] = "vmware"
       env[:box_version] = "~> 0.1"
-      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.5")
@@ -1002,7 +1002,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
 
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
       env[:box_provider] = ["virtualbox", "vmware"]
-      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
@@ -1050,7 +1050,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
 
       expect(env[:ui]).to receive(:ask).and_return("1")
 
-      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
@@ -1225,12 +1225,12 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxAdd, :skip_windows do
 
       env[:box_force] = true
       env[:box_url] = tf.path
-      box_collection.stub(find: box)
-      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with { |path, name, version, **opts|
+      allow(box_collection).to receive(:find).and_return(box)
+      expect(box_collection).to receive(:add).with(any_args) { |path, name, version, **opts|
         expect(checksum(path)).to eq(checksum(box_path))
         expect(name).to eq("foo/bar")
         expect(version).to eq("0.7")
-        expect(opts[:force]).to be_true
+        expect(opts[:force]).to be(true)
         expect(opts[:metadata_url]).to eq("file://#{tf.path}")
         true
       }.and_return(box)
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_check_outdated_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_check_outdated_test.rb
index 0bb175c59..82aa25e1a 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_check_outdated_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_check_outdated_test.rb
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
   let(:box) do
     box_dir = iso_env.box3("foo", "1.0", :virtualbox)
     Vagrant::Box.new("foo", :virtualbox, "1.0", box_dir).tap do |b|
-      b.stub(has_update?: nil)
+      allow(b).to receive(:has_update?).and_return(nil)
     end
   end
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
   end
 
   before do
-    machine.stub(box: box)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:box).and_return(box)
   end
 
   context "disabling outdated checking" do
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
 
   context "no box" do
     it "raises an exception if the machine doesn't have a box yet" do
-      machine.stub(box: nil)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:box).and_return(nil)
 
       expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env).once
 
@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
 
   context "with a non-versioned box" do
     it "does nothing" do
-      box.stub(metadata_url: nil)
-      box.stub(version: "0")
+      allow(box).to receive(:metadata_url).and_return(nil)
+      allow(box).to receive(:version).and_return("0")
 
       expect(app).to receive(:call).once
       expect(box).to receive(:has_update?).never
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
 
       subject.call(env)
 
-      expect(env[:box_outdated]).to be_false
+      expect(env[:box_outdated]).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "sets env if there is an update" do
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
 
       subject.call(env)
 
-      expect(env[:box_outdated]).to be_true
+      expect(env[:box_outdated]).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "has an update if it is local" do
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
 
       subject.call(env)
 
-      expect(env[:box_outdated]).to be_true
+      expect(env[:box_outdated]).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "does not have a local update if not within constraints" do
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
 
       subject.call(env)
 
-      expect(env[:box_outdated]).to be_false
+      expect(env[:box_outdated]).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "does nothing if metadata download fails" do
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxCheckOutdated do
 
       subject.call(env)
 
-      expect(env[:box_outdated]).to be_false
+      expect(env[:box_outdated]).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "raises error if has_update? errors" do
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_remove_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_remove_test.rb
index f1a740218..63637ab84 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_remove_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/box_remove_test.rb
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
   end
 
   it "deletes the box if it is the only option" do
-    box_collection.stub(all: [["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox]])
+    allow(box_collection).to receive(:all).and_return([["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox]])
 
     env[:box_name] = "foo"
 
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
   end
 
   it "deletes the box with the specified provider if given" do
-    box_collection.stub(
-      all: [
+    allow(box_collection).to receive(:all)
+      .and_return([
         ["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox],
         ["foo", "1.0", :vmware],
       ])
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
   end
 
   it "deletes the box with the specified version if given" do
-    box_collection.stub(
-      all: [
+    allow(box_collection).to receive(:all)
+      .and_return([
         ["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox],
         ["foo", "1.1", :virtualbox],
       ])
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
           "version" => "1.0",
         }
 
-        entry.stub(valid?: valid)
+        allow(entry).to receive(:valid?).and_return(valid)
       end
     end
 
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
     before do
       env[:action_runner] = action_runner
 
-      box_collection.stub(
-        all: [
+      allow(box_collection).to receive(:all)
+        .and_return([
           ["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox],
           ["foo", "1.1", :virtualbox],
         ])
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
   end
 
   it "errors if the box doesn't exist" do
-    box_collection.stub(all: [])
+    allow(box_collection).to receive(:all).and_return([])
 
     expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
     env[:box_name] = "foo"
     env[:box_provider] = "bar"
 
-    box_collection.stub(all: [["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox]])
+    allow(box_collection).to receive(:all).and_return([["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox]])
 
     expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
@@ -177,8 +177,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
   it "errors if there are multiple providers" do
     env[:box_name] = "foo"
 
-    box_collection.stub(
-      all: [
+    allow(box_collection).to receive(:all)
+      .and_return([
         ["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox],
         ["foo", "1.0", :vmware],
       ])
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
     env[:box_name] = "foo"
     env[:box_provider] = "virtualbox"
 
-    box_collection.stub(
-      all: [
+    allow(box_collection).to receive(:all)
+      .and_return([
         ["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox],
         ["foo", "1.1", :virtualbox],
       ])
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::BoxRemove do
     env[:box_name] = "foo"
     env[:box_version] = "1.1"
 
-    box_collection.stub(all: [["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox]])
+    allow(box_collection).to receive(:all).and_return([["foo", "1.0", :virtualbox]])
 
     expect(app).to receive(:call).never
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/confirm_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/confirm_test.rb
index fb386eb1d..5ade5e247 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/confirm_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/confirm_test.rb
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Confirm do
       end
     end
     described_class.new(app, env, message, allowed: ["y", "N"]).call(env)
-    expect(env[:result]).to be_true
+    expect(env[:result]).to be(true)
     expect(times).to eq(4)
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/graceful_halt_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/graceful_halt_test.rb
index 46d56039f..76c6c43e7 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/graceful_halt_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/graceful_halt_test.rb
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::GracefulHalt do
   let(:machine_config) do
     double("machine_config").tap do |top_config|
       vm_config = double("machien_vm_config")
-      vm_config.stub(graceful_halt_timeout: 10)
-      top_config.stub(vm: vm_config)
+      allow(vm_config).to receive(:graceful_halt_timeout).and_return(10)
+      allow(top_config).to receive(:vm).and_return(vm_config)
     end
   end
   let(:machine_guest) { double("machine_guest") }
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_box_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_box_test.rb
index 17f32563f..2d2eb271b 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_box_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_box_test.rb
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleBox do
   end
 
   it "doesn't do anything if a box exists" do
-    machine.stub(box: box)
+    allow(machine).to receive(:box).and_return(box)
 
     expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).never
     expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
@@ -48,13 +48,13 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleBox do
 
   context "with a box set and no box_url" do
     before do
-      machine.stub(box: nil)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:box).and_return(nil)
 
       machine.config.vm.box = "foo"
     end
 
     it "adds a box that doesn't exist" do
-      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box)
         expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box)
         expect(opts[:box_provider]).to eq(:dummy)
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleBox do
     it "adds a box using any format the provider allows" do
       machine.provider_options[:box_format] = [:foo, :bar]
 
-      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box)
         expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box)
         expect(opts[:box_provider]).to eq([:foo, :bar])
@@ -86,14 +86,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleBox do
 
   context "with a box and box_url set" do
     before do
-      machine.stub(box: nil)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:box).and_return(nil)
 
       machine.config.vm.box = "foo"
       machine.config.vm.box_url = "bar"
     end
 
     it "adds a box that doesn't exist" do
-      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box)
         expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box_url)
         expect(opts[:box_provider]).to eq(:dummy)
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleBox do
 
   context "with a box with a checksum set" do
     before do
-      machine.stub(box: nil)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:box).and_return(nil)
 
       machine.config.vm.box = "foo"
       machine.config.vm.box_url = "bar"
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleBox do
     end
 
     it "adds a box that doesn't exist and maps checksum options correctly" do
-      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |action, opts|
+      expect(action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |action, opts|
         expect(opts[:box_name]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box)
         expect(opts[:box_url]).to eq(machine.config.vm.box_url)
         expect(opts[:box_provider]).to eq(:dummy)
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_forwarded_port_collisions_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_forwarded_port_collisions_test.rb
index 7785b036a..8594413d9 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_forwarded_port_collisions_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/handle_forwarded_port_collisions_test.rb
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::HandleForwardedPortCollisions do
 
   let(:machine_config) do
     double("machine_config").tap do |config|
-      config.stub(vm: vm_config)
+      allow(config).to receive(:vm).and_return(vm_config)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_env_set_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_env_set_test.rb
index 56eafa956..de1bb9774 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_env_set_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_env_set_test.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::IsEnvSet do
       expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
-      expect(env[:result]).to be_true
+      expect(env[:result]).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "sets result to false if it isn't set" do
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::IsEnvSet do
       expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
-      expect(env[:result]).to be_false
+      expect(env[:result]).to be(false)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_state_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_state_test.rb
index e060d7fb7..873783a9a 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_state_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/is_state_test.rb
@@ -16,36 +16,36 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::IsState do
 
   describe "#call" do
     it "sets result to false if is proper state" do
-      state.stub(id: :foo)
+      allow(state).to receive(:id).and_return(:foo)
 
       subject = described_class.new(app, env, :bar)
 
       expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
-      expect(env[:result]).to be_false
+      expect(env[:result]).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "sets result to true if is proper state" do
-      state.stub(id: :foo)
+      allow(state).to receive(:id).and_return(:foo)
 
       subject = described_class.new(app, env, :foo)
 
       expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
-      expect(env[:result]).to be_true
+      expect(env[:result]).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "inverts the result if specified" do
-      state.stub(id: :foo)
+      allow(state).to receive(:id).and_return(:foo)
 
       subject = described_class.new(app, env, :foo, invert: true)
 
       expect(app).to receive(:call).with(env)
 
       subject.call(env)
-      expect(env[:result]).to be_false
+      expect(env[:result]).to be(false)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/mixin_synced_folders_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/mixin_synced_folders_test.rb
index ab4934dff..ff7a6e7c5 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/mixin_synced_folders_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/mixin_synced_folders_test.rb
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::MixinSyncedFolders do
 
   let(:machine_config) do
     double("machine_config").tap do |top_config|
-      top_config.stub(vm: vm_config)
+      allow(top_config).to receive(:vm).and_return(vm_config)
     end
   end
 
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::MixinSyncedFolders do
       plugins[:default] = [impl(true, "default"), 10]
       plugins[:nfs] = [impl(true, "nfs"), 5]
 
-      subject.stub(plugins: plugins)
-      vm_config.stub(synced_folders: folders)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:plugins).and_return(plugins)
+      allow(vm_config).to receive(:synced_folders).and_return(folders)
     end
 
     it "should raise exception if bad type is given" do
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::MixinSyncedFolders do
 
       other_folders = { "bar" => {} }
       other = double("config")
-      other.stub(synced_folders: other_folders)
+      allow(other).to receive(:synced_folders).and_return(other_folders)
 
       result = subject.synced_folders(machine, config: other)
       expect(result.length).to eq(1)
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::MixinSyncedFolders do
       folders["root"] = { type: "unusable" }
 
       expect { subject.synced_folders(machine) }.
-        to raise_error
+        to raise_error(RuntimeError)
     end
 
     it "should ignore disabled folders" do
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::MixinSyncedFolders do
     it "should be able to save and retrieve cached versions" do
       other_folders = {}
       other = double("config")
-      other.stub(synced_folders: other_folders)
+      allow(other).to receive(:synced_folders).and_return(other_folders)
 
       other_folders["foo"] = { type: "default" }
       result = subject.synced_folders(machine, config: other)
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/provision_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/provision_test.rb
index 031b87f1d..b6dca80f5 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/provision_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/provision_test.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::Provision do
 
   let(:machine_config) do
     double("machine_config").tap do |config|
-      config.stub(vm: vm_config)
+      allow(config).to receive(:vm).and_return(vm_config)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/provisioner_cleanup_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/provisioner_cleanup_test.rb
index 2d3b907c7..b995928af 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/provisioner_cleanup_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/provisioner_cleanup_test.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::ProvisionerCleanup do
 
   let(:machine_config) do
     double("machine_config").tap do |config|
-      config.stub(vm: vm_config)
+      allow(config).to receive(:vm).and_return(vm_config)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folder_cleanup_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folder_cleanup_test.rb
index c50d28628..db1c4b8d2 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folder_cleanup_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folder_cleanup_test.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolderCleanup do
 
   let(:machine_config) do
     double("machine_config").tap do |top_config|
-      top_config.stub(vm: vm_config)
+      allow(top_config).to receive(:vm).and_return(vm_config)
     end
   end
 
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolderCleanup do
       env[:machine] = Object.new
       env[:root_path] = Pathname.new(Dir.mktmpdir("vagrant-test-synced-folder-cleanup-call"))
 
-      subject.stub(plugins: plugins)
-      subject.stub(synced_folders: synced_folders)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:plugins).and_return(plugins)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:synced_folders).and_return(synced_folders)
     end
 
     after do
@@ -131,9 +131,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolderCleanup do
 
       subject.call(env)
 
-      expect(trackers[0].clean).to be_true
-      expect(trackers[1].clean).to be_true
-      expect(trackers[2].clean).to be_true
+      expect(trackers[0].clean).to be(true)
+      expect(trackers[1].clean).to be(true)
+      expect(trackers[2].clean).to be(true)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folders_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folders_test.rb
index f602abd58..d168cd332 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folders_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/action/builtin/synced_folders_test.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolders do
 
   let(:machine_config) do
     double("machine_config").tap do |top_config|
-      top_config.stub(vm: vm_config)
+      allow(top_config).to receive(:vm).and_return(vm_config)
     end
   end
 
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Action::Builtin::SyncedFolders do
       plugins[:nfs] = [impl(true, "nfs"), 5]
 
       env[:root_path] = Pathname.new(Dir.mktmpdir("vagrant-test-synced-folders-call"))
-      subject.stub(plugins: plugins)
-      subject.stub(synced_folders: synced_folders)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:plugins).and_return(plugins)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:synced_folders).and_return(synced_folders)
       allow(subject).to receive(:save_synced_folders)
     end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/batch_action_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/batch_action_test.rb
index deba02ac5..f62913aab 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/batch_action_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/batch_action_test.rb
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ describe Vagrant::BatchAction do
 
   def new_machine(options)
     double("machine").tap do |m|
-      m.stub(provider_name: provider_name)
-      m.stub(provider_options: options)
+      allow(m).to receive(:provider_name).and_return(provider_name)
+      allow(m).to receive(:provider_options).and_return(options)
       allow(m).to receive(:action) do |action, opts|
         lock.synchronize do
           called_actions << [m, action, opts]
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/box_collection_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/box_collection_test.rb
index f012be2ad..5f1467f6d 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/box_collection_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/box_collection_test.rb
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ describe Vagrant::BoxCollection, :skip_windows do
       environment.box3("foo", "0", :virtualbox,
         metadata_url: "foourl")
 
-      expect(hook).to receive(:call).with { |name, env|
+      expect(hook).to receive(:call).with(any_args) { |name, env|
         expect(name).to eq(:authenticate_box_url)
         expect(env[:box_urls]).to eq(["foourl"])
         true
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/box_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/box_test.rb
index dfba490aa..35c3d913a 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/box_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/box_test.rb
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Box, :skip_windows do
       }
       RAW
 
-      subject.stub(load_metadata: metadata)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:load_metadata).and_return(metadata)
 
       expect(subject.has_update?).to be_nil
     end
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Box, :skip_windows do
       }
       RAW
 
-      subject.stub(load_metadata: metadata)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:load_metadata).and_return(metadata)
 
       result = subject.has_update?
       expect(result).to_not be_nil
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Box, :skip_windows do
       }
       RAW
 
-      subject.stub(load_metadata: metadata)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:load_metadata).and_return(metadata)
 
       result = subject.has_update?(">= 1.1, < 1.4")
       expect(result).to_not be_nil
@@ -256,8 +256,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Box, :skip_windows do
 
     it "raises an error if the download failed" do
       dl = double("downloader")
-      Vagrant::Util::Downloader.stub(new: dl)
-      dl.should_receive(:download!).and_raise(
+      allow(Vagrant::Util::Downloader).to receive(:new).and_return(dl)
+      expect(dl).to receive(:download!).and_raise(
         Vagrant::Errors::DownloaderError.new(message: "foo"))
 
       expect { subject.load_metadata }.
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Box, :skip_windows do
       end
 
       # Repackage our box to some temporary directory
-      expect(subject.repackage(box_output_path)).to be_true
+      expect(subject.repackage(box_output_path)).to be(true)
 
       # Let's now add this box again under a different name, and then
       # verify that we get the proper result back.
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/capability_host_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/capability_host_test.rb
index d460a649b..5bdae28c3 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/capability_host_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/capability_host_test.rb
@@ -104,15 +104,15 @@ describe Vagrant::CapabilityHost do
     end
 
     it "does not have a non-existent capability" do
-      expect(subject.capability?(:foo)).to be_false
+      expect(subject.capability?(:foo)).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "has capabilities of itself" do
-      expect(subject.capability?(:self)).to be_true
+      expect(subject.capability?(:self)).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "has capabilities of parent" do
-      expect(subject.capability?(:parent)).to be_true
+      expect(subject.capability?(:parent)).to be(true)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/cli_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/cli_test.rb
index 4848f14c9..fb33ac62f 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/cli_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/cli_test.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ describe Vagrant::CLI do
   let(:env)     { iso_env.create_vagrant_env }
 
   before do
-    Vagrant.plugin("2").manager.stub(commands: commands)
+    allow(Vagrant.plugin("2").manager).to receive(:commands).and_return(commands)
   end
 
   describe "#execute" do
@@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ describe Vagrant::CLI do
       commands[:bar] = [command_lambda("bar", 0), { primary: true }]
       commands[:baz] = [command_lambda("baz", 0), { primary: false }]
 
-      expect(env.ui).to receive(:info).with { |message, opts|
+      expect(env.ui).to receive(:info).with(any_args) { |message, opts|
         expect(message).to include("foo")
         expect(message).to include("bar")
-        expect(message.include?("baz")).to be_false
+        expect(message.include?("baz")).to be(false)
       }
 
       subject.help
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/environment_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/environment_test.rb
index b8c9b57a0..704a76779 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/environment_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/environment_test.rb
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
 
     before do
       m = Vagrant.plugin("2").manager
-      m.stub(hosts: plugin_hosts)
-      m.stub(host_capabilities: plugin_host_caps)
+      allow(m).to receive(:hosts).and_return(plugin_hosts)
+      allow(m).to receive(:host_capabilities).and_return(plugin_host_caps)
 
       # Detect the host
       env.vagrantfile <<-VF
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
     it "should return whether it can install or not" do
       plugin_host_caps[:foo] = { provider_install_foo: Class }
 
-      expect(subject.can_install_provider?(:foo)).to be_true
-      expect(subject.can_install_provider?(:bar)).to be_false
+      expect(subject.can_install_provider?(:foo)).to be(true)
+      expect(subject.can_install_provider?(:bar)).to be(false)
     end
   end
 
@@ -160,7 +160,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
 
       it "moves the boxes into the new directory structure" do
         # Kind of hacky but avoids two instantiations of BoxCollection
-        Vagrant::Environment.any_instance.stub(boxes: double("boxes"))
+        allow(Vagrant::Environment).to receive(:boxes)
+          .and_return(double("boxes"))
 
         collection = double("collection")
         expect(Vagrant::BoxCollection).to receive(:new).with(
@@ -177,8 +178,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
 
     before do
       m = Vagrant.plugin("2").manager
-      m.stub(hosts: plugin_hosts)
-      m.stub(host_capabilities: plugin_host_caps)
+      allow(m).to receive(:hosts).and_return(plugin_hosts)
+      allow(m).to receive(:host_capabilities).and_return(plugin_host_caps)
     end
 
     it "should default to some host even if there are none" do
@@ -202,7 +203,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
       plugin_host_caps[:foo] = { bar: Class }
 
       result = subject.host
-      expect(result.capability?(:bar)).to be_true
+      expect(result.capability?(:bar)).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "should attempt to detect a host if host is :detect" do
@@ -216,7 +217,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
       plugin_host_caps[:foo] = { bar: Class }
 
       result = subject.host
-      expect(result.capability?(:bar)).to be_true
+      expect(result.capability?(:bar)).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "should use an exact host if specified" do
@@ -231,7 +232,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
       plugin_host_caps[:foo] = { bar: Class }
 
       result = subject.host
-      expect(result.capability?(:bar)).to be_true
+      expect(result.capability?(:bar)).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "should raise an error if an exact match was specified but not found" do
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
         end
       end
 
-      expect(raised).to be_true
+      expect(raised).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "allows nested locks on the same environment" do
@@ -282,7 +283,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Environment do
         end
       end
 
-      expect(success).to be_true
+      expect(success).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "cleans up all lock files" do
@@ -641,8 +642,8 @@ VF
       klass = double("machine_index")
       stub_const("Vagrant::MachineIndex", klass)
 
-      klass.should_receive(:new).with do |path|
-        expect(path.to_s.start_with?(subject.home_path.to_s)).to be_true
+      expect(klass).to receive(:new).with(any_args) do |path|
+        expect(path.to_s.start_with?(subject.home_path.to_s)).to be(true)
         true
       end
 
@@ -759,7 +760,7 @@ VF
 
     before do
       m = Vagrant.plugin("2").manager
-      m.stub(providers: plugin_providers)
+      allow(m).to receive(:providers).and_return(plugin_providers)
     end
 
     it "is the highest matching usable provider" do
@@ -985,7 +986,7 @@ VF
         Dir.chdir(temp_dir) do
           instance = described_class.new(local_data_path: "foo")
           expect(instance.local_data_path).to eq(instance.cwd.join("foo"))
-          expect(File.exist?(instance.local_data_path)).to be_false
+          expect(File.exist?(instance.local_data_path)).to be(false)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -1249,7 +1250,7 @@ VF
 
       env = environment.create_vagrant_env
       env.push("foo")
-      expect(push_class.pushed?).to be_true
+      expect(push_class.pushed?).to be(true)
     end
   end
 
@@ -1257,7 +1258,7 @@ VF
     it "should call the action runner with the proper hook" do
       hook_name = :foo
 
-      expect(instance.action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |callable, env|
+      expect(instance.action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |callable, env|
         expect(env[:action_name]).to eq(hook_name)
       }
 
@@ -1279,7 +1280,7 @@ VF
     end
 
     it "should allow passing in custom data" do
-      expect(instance.action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |callable, env|
+      expect(instance.action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |callable, env|
         expect(env[:foo]).to eq(:bar)
       }
 
@@ -1287,7 +1288,7 @@ VF
     end
 
     it "should allow passing a custom callable" do
-      expect(instance.action_runner).to receive(:run).with { |callable, env|
+      expect(instance.action_runner).to receive(:run).with(any_args) { |callable, env|
         expect(callable).to eq(:what)
       }
 
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/guest_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/guest_test.rb
index b819628c9..5f8181f7c 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/guest_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/guest_test.rb
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Guest do
   let(:guests)  { {} }
   let(:machine) do
     double("machine").tap do |m|
-      m.stub(inspect: "machine")
-      m.stub(config: double("config"))
-      m.config.stub(vm: double("vm_config"))
-      m.config.vm.stub(guest: nil)
+      allow(m).to receive(:inspect).and_return("machine")
+      allow(m).to receive(:config).and_return(double("config"))
+      allow(m.config).to receive(:vm).and_return(double("vm_config"))
+      allow(m.config.vm).to receive(:guest).and_return(nil)
     end
   end
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Guest do
 
   describe "#detect!" do
     it "auto-detects if no explicit guest name given" do
-      machine.config.vm.stub(guest: nil)
+      allow(machine.config.vm).to receive(:guest).and_return(nil)
       expect(subject).to receive(:initialize_capabilities!).
         with(nil, guests, capabilities, machine)
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Guest do
     end
 
     it "uses the explicit guest name if specified" do
-      machine.config.vm.stub(guest: :foo)
+      allow(machine.config.vm).to receive(:guest).and_return(:foo)
       expect(subject).to receive(:initialize_capabilities!).
         with(:foo, guests, capabilities, machine)
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Guest do
     end
 
     it "raises a user-friendly error if specified guest doesn't exist" do
-      machine.config.vm.stub(guest: :foo)
+      allow(machine.config.vm).to receive(:guest).and_return(:foo)
 
       expect { subject.detect! }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::GuestExplicitNotDetected)
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/machine_index_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/machine_index_test.rb
index ed52e9eaa..e9aa20945 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/machine_index_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/machine_index_test.rb
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ describe Vagrant::MachineIndex do
     end
 
     it "should include? by prefix" do
-      expect(subject.include?("b")).to be_true
+      expect(subject.include?("b")).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "locks the entry so subsequent gets fail" do
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ describe Vagrant::MachineIndex do
 
   describe "#include" do
     it "should not include non-existent things" do
-      expect(subject.include?("foo")).to be_false
+      expect(subject.include?("foo")).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "should include created entries" do
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ describe Vagrant::MachineIndex do
       subject.release(result)
 
       subject = described_class.new(data_dir)
-      expect(subject.include?(result.id)).to be_true
+      expect(subject.include?(result.id)).to be(true)
     end
   end
 
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ describe Vagrant::MachineIndex do
 
     it "can delete an entry that doesn't exist" do
       e = entry_klass.new
-      expect(subject.delete(e)).to be_true
+      expect(subject.delete(e)).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "updates an existing entry" do
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/machine_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/machine_test.rb
index 8163b46c4..6209fcdab 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/machine_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/machine_test.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
   let(:provider) { new_provider_mock }
   let(:provider_cls) do
     obj = double("provider_cls")
-    obj.stub(new: provider)
+    allow(obj).to receive(:new).and_return(provider)
     obj
   end
   let(:provider_config) { Object.new }
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
   let(:base)     { false }
   let(:box) do
     double("box").tap do |b|
-      b.stub(name: "foo")
-      b.stub(provider: :dummy)
-      b.stub(version: "1.0")
+      allow(b).to receive(:name).and_return("foo")
+      allow(b).to receive(:provider).and_return(:dummy)
+      allow(b).to receive(:version).and_return("1.0")
     end
   end
 
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
 
   def new_provider_mock
     double("provider").tap do |obj|
-      obj.stub(_initialize: nil)
-      obj.stub(machine_id_changed: nil)
+      allow(obj).to receive(:_initialize).and_return(nil)
+      allow(obj).to receive(:machine_id_changed).and_return(nil)
       allow(obj).to receive(:state).and_return(Vagrant::MachineState.new(
         :created, "", ""))
     end
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
 
       it "should not insert key" do
         subject = new_instance
-        expect(subject.config.ssh.insert_key).to be_false
+        expect(subject.config.ssh.insert_key).to be(false)
       end
     end
 
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
 
       it "should initialize the capabilities" do
         instance = new_provider_mock
-        expect(instance).to receive(:_initialize).with { |p, m|
+        expect(instance).to receive(:_initialize).with(any_args) { |p, m|
           expect(p).to eq(provider_name)
           expect(m.name).to eq(name)
           true
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
     it "should run the callable with the proper env" do
       subject.action_raw(:foo, callable)
 
-      expect(@env[:called]).to be_true
+      expect(@env[:called]).to be(true)
       expect(@env[:action_name]).to eq(:machine_action_foo)
       expect(@env[:machine]).to equal(subject)
       expect(@env[:machine_action]).to eq(:foo)
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
     it "should merge in any extra env" do
       subject.action_raw(:bar, callable, foo: :bar)
 
-      expect(@env[:called]).to be_true
+      expect(@env[:called]).to be(true)
       expect(@env[:foo]).to eq(:bar)
     end
   end
@@ -533,9 +533,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
 
       # Setup the box information
       box = double("box")
-      box.stub(name: "foo")
-      box.stub(provider: :bar)
-      box.stub(version: "1.2.3")
+      allow(box).to receive(:name).and_return("foo")
+      allow(box).to receive(:provider).and_return(:bar)
+      allow(box).to receive(:version).and_return("1.2.3")
       subject.box = box
 
       subject.id = "foo"
@@ -788,18 +788,18 @@ describe Vagrant::Machine do
 
       context "with custom ssh_info" do
         it "keys_only should be default" do
-          expect(instance.ssh_info[:keys_only]).to be_true
+          expect(instance.ssh_info[:keys_only]).to be(true)
         end
         it "paranoid should be default" do
-          expect(instance.ssh_info[:paranoid]).to be_false
+          expect(instance.ssh_info[:paranoid]).to be(false)
         end
         it "keys_only should be overridden" do
           instance.config.ssh.keys_only = false
-          expect(instance.ssh_info[:keys_only]).to be_false
+          expect(instance.ssh_info[:keys_only]).to be(false)
         end
         it "paranoid should be overridden" do
           instance.config.ssh.paranoid = true
-          expect(instance.ssh_info[:paranoid]).to be_true
+          expect(instance.ssh_info[:paranoid]).to be(true)
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/manager_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/manager_test.rb
index 8889c5ebd..de42c7ec8 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/manager_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/manager_test.rb
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
   end
 
   before do
-    Vagrant::Bundler.stub(instance: bundler)
+    allow(Vagrant::Bundler).to receive(:instance).and_return(bundler)
   end
 
   subject { described_class.new(path) }
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
     it "installs the plugin and adds it to the state file" do
       specs = Array.new(5) { Gem::Specification.new }
       specs[3].name = "foo"
-      expect(bundler).to receive(:install).once.with { |plugins, local|
+      expect(bundler).to receive(:install).once.with(any_args) { |plugins, local|
         expect(plugins).to have_key("foo")
-        expect(local).to be_false
+        expect(local).to be(false)
       }.and_return(specs)
       expect(bundler).to receive(:clean)
 
@@ -92,10 +92,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
       end
 
       it "installs a version with constraints" do
-        expect(bundler).to receive(:install).once.with { |plugins, local|
+        expect(bundler).to receive(:install).once.with(any_args) { |plugins, local|
           expect(plugins).to have_key("foo")
           expect(plugins["foo"]["gem_version"]).to eql(">= 0.1.0")
-          expect(local).to be_false
+          expect(local).to be(false)
         }.and_return(specs)
         expect(bundler).to receive(:clean)
 
@@ -107,10 +107,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
       end
 
       it "installs with an exact version but doesn't constrain" do
-        expect(bundler).to receive(:install).once.with { |plugins, local|
+        expect(bundler).to receive(:install).once.with(any_args) { |plugins, local|
           expect(plugins).to have_key("foo")
           expect(plugins["foo"]["gem_version"]).to eql("0.1.0")
-          expect(local).to be_false
+          expect(local).to be(false)
         }.and_return(specs)
         expect(bundler).to receive(:clean)
 
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
       before do
         systems_path.unlink
 
-        described_class.stub(system_plugins_file: systems_path)
+        allow(described_class).to receive(:system_plugins_file).and_return(systems_path)
 
         sf = Vagrant::Plugin::StateFile.new(systems_path)
         sf.add_plugin("foo", version: "0.2.0")
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
         subject.uninstall_plugin("bar")
 
         plugins = subject.installed_plugins
-        expect(plugins["foo"]["system"]).to be_true
+        expect(plugins["foo"]["system"]).to be(true)
       end
 
       it "raises an error if uninstalling a system gem" do
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
       before do
         systems_path.unlink
 
-        described_class.stub(system_plugins_file: systems_path)
+        allow(described_class).to receive(:system_plugins_file).and_return(systems_path)
 
         sf = Vagrant::Plugin::StateFile.new(systems_path)
         sf.add_plugin("foo", version: "0.2.0")
@@ -243,9 +243,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::Manager do
           expect(plugins.length).to eql(2)
           expect(plugins).to have_key("foo")
           expect(plugins["foo"]["gem_version"]).to eq("0.1.0")
-          expect(plugins["foo"]["system"]).to be_true
+          expect(plugins["foo"]["system"]).to be_truthy
           expect(plugins).to have_key("bar")
-          expect(plugins["bar"]["system"]).to be_true
+          expect(plugins["bar"]["system"]).to be(true)
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/state_file_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/state_file_test.rb
index ec50f3cba..57818064d 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/state_file_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/state_file_test.rb
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::StateFile do
     end
 
     it "should check for plugins" do
-      expect(subject.has_plugin?("foo")).to be_false
+      expect(subject.has_plugin?("foo")).to be(false)
       subject.add_plugin("foo")
-      expect(subject.has_plugin?("foo")).to be_true
+      expect(subject.has_plugin?("foo")).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "should remove plugins" do
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/command_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/command_test.rb
index 88647f16d..25bbb88ea 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v1/command_test.rb
@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Command do
 
     let(:environment) do
       env = double("environment")
-      env.stub(root_path: "foo")
+      allow(env).to receive(:root_path).and_return("foo")
       env
     end
 
     let(:instance)    { klass.new([], environment) }
 
     it "should raise an exception if a root_path is not available" do
-      environment.stub(root_path: nil)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:root_path).and_return(nil)
 
       expect { instance.with_target_vms }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::NoEnvironmentError)
@@ -75,9 +75,9 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Command do
       bar_vm = double("bar")
       allow(bar_vm).to receive(:name).and_return("bar")
 
-      environment.stub(multivm?: true,
-                       vms: { "foo" => foo_vm, "bar" => bar_vm },
-                       vms_ordered: [foo_vm, bar_vm])
+      allow(environment).to receive(:multivm?).and_return(true)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:vms).and_return({ "foo" => foo_vm, "bar" => bar_vm })
+      allow(environment).to receive(:vms_ordered).and_return([foo_vm, bar_vm])
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms do |vm|
@@ -88,7 +88,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Command do
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if the named VM doesn't exist" do
-      environment.stub(multivm?: true, vms: {})
+      allow(environment).to receive(:multivm?).and_return(true)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:vms).and_return({})
 
       expect { instance.with_target_vms("foo") }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::VMNotFoundError)
@@ -98,8 +99,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V1::Command do
       foo_vm = double("foo")
       allow(foo_vm).to receive(:name).and_return(:foo)
 
-      environment.stub(multivm?: true,
-                       vms: { foo: foo_vm, bar: nil })
+      allow(environment).to receive(:multivm?).and_return(true)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:vms).and_return({ foo: foo_vm, bar: nil })
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms("foo") { |vm| vms << vm }
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/command_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/command_test.rb
index fc6cc5271..555d3fbf1 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/command_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/command_test.rb
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
     subject { instance }
 
     it "should raise an exception if a root_path is not available" do
-      environment.stub(root_path: nil)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:root_path).and_return(nil)
 
       expect { instance.with_target_vms }.
         to raise_error(Vagrant::Errors::NoEnvironmentError)
@@ -86,16 +86,18 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
 
     it "should yield every VM in order if no name is given" do
       foo_vm = double("foo")
-      foo_vm.stub(name: "foo", provider: :foobarbaz)
-      foo_vm.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
-      foo_vm.stub(state: nil)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:name).and_return("foo")
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:provider).and_return(:foobarbaz)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:ui).and_return(Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:state).and_return(nil)
 
       bar_vm = double("bar")
-      bar_vm.stub(name: "bar", provider: :foobarbaz)
-      bar_vm.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
-      bar_vm.stub(state: nil)
+      allow(bar_vm).to receive(:name).and_return("bar")
+      allow(bar_vm).to receive(:provider).and_return(:foobarbaz)
+      allow(bar_vm).to receive(:ui).and_return(Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
+      allow(bar_vm).to receive(:state).and_return(nil)
 
-      environment.stub(machine_names: [:foo, :bar])
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine_names).and_return([:foo, :bar])
       allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(:foo, environment.default_provider).and_return(foo_vm)
       allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(:bar, environment.default_provider).and_return(bar_vm)
 
@@ -108,7 +110,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
     end
 
     it "raises an exception if the named VM doesn't exist" do
-      environment.stub(machine_names: [:default])
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine_names).and_return([:default])
       allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(:foo, anything).and_return(nil)
 
       expect { instance.with_target_vms("foo") }.
@@ -117,9 +119,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
 
     it "yields the given VM if a name is given" do
       foo_vm = double("foo")
-      foo_vm.stub(name: "foo", provider: :foobarbaz)
-      foo_vm.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
-      foo_vm.stub(state: nil)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:name).and_return("foo")
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:provider).and_return(:foobarbaz)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:ui).and_return(Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:state).and_return(nil)
 
       allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(:foo, environment.default_provider).and_return(foo_vm)
 
@@ -130,9 +133,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
 
     it "calls state after yielding the vm to update the machine index" do
       foo_vm = double("foo")
-      foo_vm.stub(name: "foo", provider: :foobarbaz)
-      foo_vm.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
-      foo_vm.stub(state: nil)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:name).and_return("foo")
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:provider).and_return(:foobarbaz)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:ui).and_return(Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:state).and_return(nil)
 
       allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(:foo, environment.default_provider).and_return(foo_vm)
 
@@ -145,9 +149,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       foo_vm = double("foo")
       provider = :foobarbaz
 
-      foo_vm.stub(name: "foo", provider: provider)
-      foo_vm.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
-      foo_vm.stub(state: nil)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:name).and_return("foo")
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:provider).and_return(provider)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:ui).and_return(Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
+      allow(foo_vm).to receive(:state).and_return(nil)
       allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(:foo, provider).and_return(foo_vm)
 
       vms = []
@@ -158,7 +163,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
     it "should raise an exception if an active machine exists with a different provider" do
       name = :foo
 
-      environment.stub(active_machines: [[name, :vmware]])
+      allow(environment).to receive(:active_machines).and_return([[name, :vmware]])
       expect { instance.with_target_vms(name.to_s, provider: :foo) }.
         to raise_error Vagrant::Errors::ActiveMachineWithDifferentProvider
     end
@@ -168,11 +173,12 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       provider = :vmware
       vmware_vm = double("vmware_vm")
 
-      environment.stub(active_machines: [[name, provider]])
+      allow(environment).to receive(:active_machines).and_return([[name, provider]])
       allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(name, provider).and_return(vmware_vm)
-      vmware_vm.stub(name: name, provider: provider)
-      vmware_vm.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
-      vmware_vm.stub(state: nil)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:name).and_return(name)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:provider).and_return(provider)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:ui).and_return(Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:state).and_return(nil)
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms(name.to_s) { |vm| vms << vm }
@@ -184,10 +190,12 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       provider = :vmware
       vmware_vm = double("vmware_vm")
 
-      environment.stub(active_machines: [[name, provider]])
+      allow(environment).to receive(:active_machines).and_return([[name, provider]])
       allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(name, provider).and_return(vmware_vm)
-      vmware_vm.stub(name: name, provider: provider, ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
-      vmware_vm.stub(state: nil)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:name).and_return(name)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:provider).and_return(provider)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:ui).and_return(Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:state).and_return(nil)
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms(name.to_s, provider: provider) { |vm| vms << vm }
@@ -199,9 +207,10 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       machine = double("machine")
 
       allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(name, environment.default_provider).and_return(machine)
-      machine.stub(name: name, provider: environment.default_provider)
-      machine.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
-      machine.stub(state: nil)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:name).and_return(name)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:provider).and_return(environment.default_provider)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:ui).and_return(Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:state).and_return(nil)
 
       results = []
       instance.with_target_vms(name.to_s) { |m| results << m }
@@ -213,13 +222,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       provider = :vmware
       vmware_vm = double("vmware_vm")
 
-      environment.stub(active_machines: [[name, provider]])
+      allow(environment).to receive(:active_machines).and_return([[name, provider]])
       allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(name, provider).and_return(vmware_vm)
-      environment.stub(machine_names: [])
-      environment.stub(primary_machine_name: name)
-      vmware_vm.stub(name: name, provider: provider)
-      vmware_vm.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
-      vmware_vm.stub(state: nil)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine_names).and_return([])
+      allow(environment).to receive(:primary_machine_name).and_return(name)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:name).and_return(name)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:provider).and_return(provider)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:ui).and_return(Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
+      allow(vmware_vm).to receive(:state).and_return(nil)
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms(nil, single_target: true) { |vm| vms << vm }
@@ -230,13 +240,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       name = :foo
       machine = double("machine")
 
-      environment.stub(active_machines: [])
+      allow(environment).to receive(:active_machines).and_return([])
       allow(environment).to receive(:machine).with(name, environment.default_provider).and_return(machine)
-      environment.stub(machine_names: [])
-      environment.stub(primary_machine_name: name)
-      machine.stub(name: name, provider: environment.default_provider)
-      machine.stub(ui: Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
-      machine.stub(state: nil)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:machine_names).and_return([])
+      allow(environment).to receive(:primary_machine_name).and_return(name)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:name).and_return(name)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:provider).and_return(environment.default_provider)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:ui).and_return(Vagrant::UI::Silent.new)
+      allow(machine).to receive(:state).and_return(nil)
 
       vms = []
       instance.with_target_vms(nil, single_target: true) { |vm| vms << machine }
@@ -255,7 +266,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       other_machine.id = "foo"
 
       # Make sure we don't have a root path, to test
-      environment.stub(root_path: nil)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:root_path).and_return(nil)
 
       results = []
       subject.with_target_vms(other_machine.index_uuid) { |m| results << m }
@@ -282,7 +293,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Command do
       FileUtils.rm_rf(iso_env.workdir)
 
       # Make sure we don't have a root path, to test
-      environment.stub(root_path: nil)
+      allow(environment).to receive(:root_path).and_return(nil)
 
       # Run the command
       expect {
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/plugin_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/plugin_test.rb
index 76ad40993..92a018863 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/plugin_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/plugin_test.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ require File.expand_path("../../../../base", __FILE__)
 
 describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
   before do
-    described_class.stub(manager: Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager.new)
+    allow(described_class).to receive(:manager)
+      .and_return(Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Manager.new)
   end
 
   it "should be able to set and get the name" do
@@ -71,8 +72,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Plugin do
         command("bar", primary: false) { "bar" }
       end
 
-      expect(plugin.components.commands[:foo][1][:primary]).to be_true
-      expect(plugin.components.commands[:bar][1][:primary]).to be_false
+      expect(plugin.components.commands[:foo][1][:primary]).to be(true)
+      expect(plugin.components.commands[:bar][1][:primary]).to be(false)
     end
 
     ["spaces bad", "sym^bols"].each do |bad|
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/provider_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/provider_test.rb
index 634b311c6..bb753b030 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/provider_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/plugin/v2/provider_test.rb
@@ -42,14 +42,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Plugin::V2::Provider do
         end
       end
 
-      machine.stub(id: "YEAH")
+      allow(machine).to receive(:id).and_return("YEAH")
 
       instance._initialize("foo", machine)
     end
 
     it "can execute capabilities" do
-      expect(subject.capability?(:foo)).to be_false
-      expect(subject.capability?(:bar)).to be_true
+      expect(subject.capability?(:foo)).to be(false)
+      expect(subject.capability?(:bar)).to be(true)
 
       expect { subject.capability(:bar) }.
         to raise_error("bar YEAH")
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/shared_helpers_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/shared_helpers_test.rb
index 2ebfc76a5..80cf51d3d 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/shared_helpers_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/shared_helpers_test.rb
@@ -18,25 +18,25 @@ describe Vagrant do
   describe "#in_installer?" do
     it "is not if env is not set" do
       with_temp_env("VAGRANT_INSTALLER_ENV" => nil) do
-        expect(subject.in_installer?).to be_false
+        expect(subject.in_installer?).to be(false)
       end
     end
 
     it "is if env is set" do
       with_temp_env("VAGRANT_INSTALLER_ENV" => "/foo") do
-        expect(subject.in_installer?).to be_true
+        expect(subject.in_installer?).to be(true)
       end
     end
   end
 
   describe "#installer_embedded_dir" do
     it "returns nil if not in an installer" do
-      Vagrant.stub(in_installer?: false)
+      allow(Vagrant).to receive(:in_installer?).and_return(false)
       expect(subject.installer_embedded_dir).to be_nil
     end
 
     it "returns the set directory" do
-      Vagrant.stub(in_installer?: true)
+      allow(Vagrant).to receive(:in_installer?).and_return(true)
 
       with_temp_env("VAGRANT_INSTALLER_EMBEDDED_DIR" => "/foo") do
         expect(subject.installer_embedded_dir).to eq("/foo")
@@ -47,13 +47,13 @@ describe Vagrant do
   describe "#plugins_enabled?" do
     it "returns true if the env is not set" do
       with_temp_env("VAGRANT_NO_PLUGINS" => nil) do
-        expect(subject.plugins_enabled?).to be_true
+        expect(subject.plugins_enabled?).to be(true)
       end
     end
 
     it "returns false if the env is set" do
       with_temp_env("VAGRANT_NO_PLUGINS" => "1") do
-        expect(subject.plugins_enabled?).to be_false
+        expect(subject.plugins_enabled?).to be(false)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/ui_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/ui_test.rb
index 8ac03437e..856449b58 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/ui_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/ui_test.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Basic do
     it "outputs within the a new thread" do
       current = Thread.current.object_id
 
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |*args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |*args|
         expect(Thread.current.object_id).to_not eq(current)
         true
       }
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Basic do
     end
 
     it "outputs using `puts` by default" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, **opts|
         expect(opts[:printer]).to eq(:puts)
         true
       }
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Basic do
     end
 
     it "outputs using `print` if new_line is false" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, **opts|
         expect(opts[:printer]).to eq(:print)
         true
       }
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Basic do
     end
 
     it "outputs using `print` if new_line is false" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, **opts|
         expect(opts[:printer]).to eq(:print)
         true
       }
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Basic do
       stdout = StringIO.new
       subject.stdout = stdout
 
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, **opts|
         expect(opts[:io]).to be(stdout)
         true
       }
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Basic do
       stderr = StringIO.new
       subject.stderr = stderr
 
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, **opts|
         expect(opts[:io]).to be(stderr)
         true
       }
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Basic do
 
   context "#detail" do
     it "outputs details" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, **opts|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, **opts|
         expect(message).to eq("foo")
         true
       }
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
     end
 
     it "does not bold by default with a color" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;31m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
       }
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
 
   describe "#error" do
     it "colors red" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;31m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
       }
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
     it "colors output to color specified in global opts" do
       subject.opts[:color] = :red
 
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;31m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
       }
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
     it "colors output to specified color over global opts" do
       subject.opts[:color] = :red
 
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;32m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
       }
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
     it "bolds the output if specified" do
       subject.opts[:color] = :red
 
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[1;31m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
       }
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
 
   describe "#success" do
     it "colors green" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;32m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
       }
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Colored do
 
   describe "#warn" do
     it "colors yellow" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message, *args|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message, *args|
         expect(message).to start_with("\033[0;33m")
         expect(message).to end_with("\033[0m")
       }
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::MachineReadable do
   [:detail, :warn, :error, :info, :output, :success].each do |method|
     describe "##{method}" do
       it "outputs UI type to the machine-readable output" do
-        expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message|
+        expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message|
           parts = message.split(",")
           expect(parts.length).to eq(5)
           expect(parts[1]).to eq("")
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::MachineReadable do
 
   describe "#machine" do
     it "is formatted properly" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message|
         parts = message.split(",")
         expect(parts.length).to eq(5)
         expect(parts[1]).to eq("")
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::MachineReadable do
     end
 
     it "includes a target if given" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message|
         parts = message.split(",")
         expect(parts.length).to eq(4)
         expect(parts[1]).to eq("boom")
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::MachineReadable do
     end
 
     it "replaces commas" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message|
         parts = message.split(",")
         expect(parts.length).to eq(4)
         expect(parts[3]).to eq("foo%!(VAGRANT_COMMA)bar")
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::MachineReadable do
     end
 
     it "replaces newlines" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message|
         parts = message.split(",")
         expect(parts.length).to eq(4)
         expect(parts[3]).to eq("foo\\nbar\\r")
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::MachineReadable do
     # This is for a bug where JSON parses are frozen and an
     # exception was being raised.
     it "works properly with frozen string arguments" do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with { |message|
+      expect(subject).to receive(:safe_puts).with(any_args) { |message|
         parts = message.split(",")
         expect(parts.length).to eq(4)
         expect(parts[3]).to eq("foo\\nbar\\r")
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ describe Vagrant::UI::Prefixed do
 
   describe "#opts" do
     it "is the parent's opts" do
-      ui.stub(opts: Object.new)
+      allow(ui).to receive(:opts).and_return(Object.new)
       expect(subject.opts).to be(ui.opts)
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/downloader_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/downloader_test.rb
index 5a9bf2f2f..bbc797879 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/downloader_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/downloader_test.rb
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Downloader do
 
   let(:subprocess_result) do
     double("subprocess_result").tap do |result|
-      result.stub(exit_code: exit_code)
-      result.stub(stderr: "")
+      allow(result).to receive(:exit_code).and_return(exit_code)
+      allow(result).to receive(:stderr).and_return("")
     end
   end
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Downloader do
           with("curl", *curl_options).
           and_return(subprocess_result)
 
-        expect(subject.download!).to be_true
+        expect(subject.download!).to be(true)
       end
     end
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Downloader do
           with("curl", *curl_options).
           and_return(subprocess_result)
 
-        expect(subject.download!).to be_true
+        expect(subject.download!).to be(true)
       end
     end
 
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Downloader do
             end
 
             it "should not raise an exception" do
-              expect(subject.download!).to be_true
+              expect(subject.download!).to be(true)
             end
           end
 
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Downloader do
           end
 
           it "should not raise an exception" do
-            expect(subject.download!).to be_true
+            expect(subject.download!).to be(true)
           end
         end
 
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Downloader do
     }
 
     it "returns the output" do
-      subprocess_result.stub(stdout: "foo")
+      allow(subprocess_result).to receive(:stdout).and_return("foo")
 
       options = curl_options.dup
       options.unshift("-I")
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant/util/subprocess_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant/util/subprocess_test.rb
index 94ba4225f..144635fde 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant/util/subprocess_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant/util/subprocess_test.rb
@@ -52,14 +52,14 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Subprocess do
     context "when subprocess has not been started" do
       it "should return false" do
         sp = described_class.new("ls")
-        expect(sp.running?).to be_false
+        expect(sp.running?).to be(false)
       end
     end
     context "when subprocess has completed" do
       it "should return false" do
         sp = described_class.new("ls")
         sp.execute
-        expect(sp.running?).to be_false
+        expect(sp.running?).to be(false)
       end
     end
     context "when subprocess is running" do
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Subprocess do
         sp = described_class.new("sleep", "5")
         thread = Thread.new{ sp.execute }
         sleep(0.3)
-        expect(sp.running?).to be_true
+        expect(sp.running?).to be(true)
         sp.stop
         thread.join
       end
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Subprocess do
     context "when subprocess has not been started" do
       it "should return false" do
         sp = described_class.new("ls")
-        expect(sp.stop).to be_false
+        expect(sp.stop).to be(false)
       end
     end
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Subprocess do
       it "should return false" do
         sp = described_class.new("ls")
         sp.execute
-        expect(sp.stop).to be_false
+        expect(sp.stop).to be(false)
       end
     end
 
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Subprocess do
       it "should return true" do
         thread = Thread.new{ sp.execute }
         sleep(0.1)
-        expect(sp.stop).to be_true
+        expect(sp.stop).to be(true)
         thread.join
       end
 
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ describe Vagrant::Util::Subprocess do
         thread = Thread.new{ sp.execute }
         sleep(0.1)
         sp.stop
-        expect(sp.running?).to be_false
+        expect(sp.running?).to be(false)
         thread.join
       end
     end
diff --git a/test/unit/vagrant_test.rb b/test/unit/vagrant_test.rb
index 06f7489ca..c90091e80 100644
--- a/test/unit/vagrant_test.rb
+++ b/test/unit/vagrant_test.rb
@@ -59,31 +59,31 @@ describe Vagrant do
         name "i_am_installed"
       end
 
-      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("i_am_installed")).to be_true
+      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("i_am_installed")).to be(true)
     end
 
     it "should return false if the plugin is not installed" do
-      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("i_dont_exist")).to be_false
+      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("i_dont_exist")).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "finds plugins by gem name" do
       specs = [Gem::Specification.new]
       specs[0].name = "foo"
-      Vagrant::Plugin::Manager.instance.stub(installed_specs: specs)
+      allow(Vagrant::Plugin::Manager.instance).to receive(:installed_specs).and_return(specs)
 
-      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("foo")).to be_true
-      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("bar")).to be_false
+      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("foo")).to be(true)
+      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("bar")).to be(false)
     end
 
     it "finds plugins by gem name and version" do
       specs = [Gem::Specification.new]
       specs[0].name = "foo"
       specs[0].version = "1.2.3"
-      Vagrant::Plugin::Manager.instance.stub(installed_specs: specs)
+      allow(Vagrant::Plugin::Manager.instance).to receive(:installed_specs).and_return(specs)
 
-      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("foo", "~> 1.2.0")).to be_true
-      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("foo", "~> 1.0.0")).to be_false
-      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("bar", "~> 1.2.0")).to be_false
+      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("foo", "~> 1.2.0")).to be(true)
+      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("foo", "~> 1.0.0")).to be(false)
+      expect(described_class.has_plugin?("bar", "~> 1.2.0")).to be(false)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/vagrant.gemspec b/vagrant.gemspec
index d4f573605..3fc6c28a7 100644
--- a/vagrant.gemspec
+++ b/vagrant.gemspec
@@ -40,8 +40,9 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
 
   # Constraint rake to properly handle deprecated method usage
   # from within rspec
-  s.add_development_dependency "rake", "~> 11.3.0"
-  s.add_development_dependency "rspec", "~> 2.14.0"
+  s.add_development_dependency "rake", "~> 12.0.0"
+  s.add_development_dependency "rspec", "~> 3.5.0"
+  s.add_development_dependency "rspec-its", "~> 1.2.0"
   s.add_development_dependency "webmock", "~> 1.20"
   s.add_development_dependency "fake_ftp", "~> 0.1.1"