207 lines
8.9 KiB
Markdown
207 lines
8.9 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
layout: "docs"
|
|
page_title: "Ansible Local - Provisioning"
|
|
sidebar_current: "provisioning-ansible-local"
|
|
description: |-
|
|
The Vagrant Ansible Local provisioner allows you to provision the guest using Ansible playbooks by executing "ansible-playbook" directly on the guest
|
|
machine.
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# Ansible Local Provisioner
|
|
|
|
**Provisioner name: `ansible_local`**
|
|
|
|
The Vagrant Ansible Local provisioner allows you to provision the guest using [Ansible](http://ansible.com) playbooks by executing **`ansible-playbook` directly on the guest machine**.
|
|
|
|
<div class="alert alert-warning">
|
|
<strong>Warning:</strong> If you are not familiar with Ansible and Vagrant already,
|
|
I recommend starting with the <a href="/docs/provisioning/shell.html">shell
|
|
provisioner</a>. However, if you are comfortable with Vagrant already, Vagrant
|
|
is a great way to learn Ansible.
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
## Setup Requirements
|
|
|
|
The main advantage of the Ansible Local provisioner in comparison to the [Ansible (remote) provisioner](/docs/provisioning/ansible.html) is that it does not require any additional software on your Vagrant host.
|
|
|
|
On the other hand, [Ansible must obviously be installed](https://docs.ansible.com/intro_installation.html#installing-the-control-machine) on your guest machine(s).
|
|
|
|
**Note:** By default, Vagrant will *try* to automatically install Ansible if it is not yet present on the guest machine (see the `install` option below for more details).
|
|
|
|
## Usage
|
|
|
|
This page only documents the specific parts of the `ansible_local` provisioner. General Ansible concepts like Playbook or Inventory are shortly explained in the [introduction to Ansible and Vagrant](/docs/provisioning/ansible_intro.html).
|
|
|
|
The Ansible Local provisioner requires that all the Ansible Playbook files are available on the guest machine, at the location referred by the `provisioning_path` option. Usually these files are initially present on the host machine (as part of your Vagrant project), and it is quite easy to share them with a Vagrant [Synced Folder](/docs/synced-folders/).
|
|
|
|
### Simplest Configuration
|
|
|
|
To run Ansible from your Vagrant guest, the basic `Vagrantfile` configuration looks like:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
|
|
# Run Ansible from the Vagrant VM
|
|
config.vm.provision "ansible_local" do |ansible|
|
|
ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
**Requirements:**
|
|
|
|
- The `playbook.yml` file is stored in your Vagrant's project home directory.
|
|
|
|
- The [default shared directory](/docs/synced-folders/basic_usage.html) is enabled (`.` → `/vagrant`).
|
|
|
|
## Options
|
|
|
|
This section lists the _specific_ options for the Ansible Local provisioner. In addition to the options listed below, this provisioner supports the [**common options** for both Ansible provisioners](/docs/provisioning/ansible_common.html).
|
|
|
|
- `install` (boolean) - Try to automatically install Ansible on the guest system.
|
|
|
|
This option is enabled by default.
|
|
|
|
Vagrant will try to install (or upgrade) Ansible when one of these conditions are met:
|
|
|
|
- Ansible is not installed (or cannot be found).
|
|
- The `version` option is set to `"latest"`.
|
|
- The current Ansible version does not correspond to the `version` option.
|
|
|
|
**Attention:** There is no guarantee that this automated installation will replace a custom Ansible setup, that might be already present on the Vagrant box.
|
|
|
|
- `install_mode` (`:default`, `:pip`, or `:pip_args_only`) - Select the way to automatically install Ansible on the guest system.
|
|
|
|
- `:default`: Ansible is installed from the operating system package manager. This mode doesn't support `version` selection. For many platforms (e.g Debian, FreeBSD, OpenSUSE) the official package repository is used, except for the following Linux distributions:
|
|
- On Ubuntu-like systems, the latest Ansible release is installed from the `ppa:ansible/ansible` repository.
|
|
- On RedHat-like systems, the latest Ansible release is installed from the [EPEL](http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL) repository.
|
|
|
|
- `:pip`: Ansible is installed from [PyPI](https://pypi.python.org/pypi) with [pip](https://pip.pypa.io) package installer. With this mode, Vagrant will systematically try to [install the latest pip version](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/installing/#installing-with-get-pip-py). With the `:pip` mode you can optionally install a specific Ansible release by setting the [`version`](#version) option.
|
|
|
|
Example:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
config.vm.provision "ansible_local" do |ansible|
|
|
ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
|
|
ansible.install_mode = "pip"
|
|
ansible.version = "2.2.1.0"
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
With this configuration, Vagrant will install `pip` and then execute the command
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
sudo pip install --upgrade ansible==2.2.1.0
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
- `:pip_args_only`: This mode is very similar to the `:pip` mode, with the difference that in this case no pip arguments will be automatically set by Vagrant.
|
|
|
|
Example:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
config.vm.provision "ansible_local" do |ansible|
|
|
ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
|
|
ansible.install_mode = "pip_args_only"
|
|
ansible.pip_args = "-r /vagrant/requirements.txt"
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
With this configuration, Vagrant will install `pip` and then execute the command
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
sudo pip install -r /vagrant/requirements.txt
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
The default value of `install_mode` is `:default`, and any invalid value for this option will silently fall back to the default value.
|
|
|
|
- `pip_args` (string) - When Ansible is installed via pip, this option allows the definition of additional pip arguments to be passed along on the command line (for example, [`--index-url`](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/#cmdoption-i)).
|
|
|
|
By default, this option is not set.
|
|
|
|
Example:
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
config.vm.provision "ansible_local" do |ansible|
|
|
ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
|
|
ansible.install_mode = :pip
|
|
ansible.pip_args = "--install-url https://pypi.internal"
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
With this configuration, Vagrant will install `pip` and then execute the command
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
sudo pip install --index-url https://pypi.internal --upgrade ansible
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
- `provisioning_path` (string) - An absolute path on the guest machine where the Ansible files are stored. The `ansible-galaxy` and `ansible-playbook` commands are executed from this directory. This is the location to place an [ansible.cfg](http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/intro_configuration.html) file, in case you need it.
|
|
|
|
The default value is `/vagrant`.
|
|
|
|
- `tmp_path` (string) - An absolute path on the guest machine where temporary files are stored by the Ansible Local provisioner.
|
|
|
|
The default value is `/tmp/vagrant-ansible`
|
|
|
|
- `version` (string) - The expected Ansible version.
|
|
|
|
This option is disabled by default.
|
|
|
|
When an Ansible version is defined (e.g. `"1.8.2"`), the Ansible local provisioner will be executed only if Ansible is installed at the requested version.
|
|
|
|
When this option is set to `"latest"`, no version check is applied.
|
|
|
|
**Warning:** It is currently possible to use this option to specify which version of Ansible must be automatically installed, but only in combination with the `install_mode` set to `:pip`.
|
|
|
|
## Tips and Tricks
|
|
|
|
### Ansible Parallel Execution from a Guest
|
|
|
|
With the following configuration pattern, you can install and execute Ansible only on a single guest machine (the `"controller"`) to provision all your machines.
|
|
|
|
```ruby
|
|
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
|
|
|
|
config.vm.box = "ubuntu/trusty64"
|
|
|
|
config.vm.define "node1" do |machine|
|
|
machine.vm.network "private_network", ip: "172.17.177.21"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
config.vm.define "node2" do |machine|
|
|
machine.vm.network "private_network", ip: "172.17.177.22"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
config.vm.define 'controller' do |machine|
|
|
machine.vm.network "private_network", ip: "172.17.177.11"
|
|
|
|
machine.vm.provision :ansible_local do |ansible|
|
|
ansible.playbook = "example.yml"
|
|
ansible.verbose = true
|
|
ansible.install = true
|
|
ansible.limit = "all" # or only "nodes" group, etc.
|
|
ansible.inventory_path = "inventory"
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
end
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You need to create a static `inventory` file that corresponds to your `Vagrantfile` machine definitions:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
controller ansible_connection=local
|
|
node1 ansible_ssh_host=172.17.177.21 ansible_ssh_private_key_file=/vagrant/.vagrant/machines/node1/virtualbox/private_key
|
|
node2 ansible_ssh_host=172.17.177.22 ansible_ssh_private_key_file=/vagrant/.vagrant/machines/node2/virtualbox/private_key
|
|
|
|
[nodes]
|
|
node[1:2]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
And finally, you also have to create an [`ansible.cfg` file](https://docs.ansible.com/intro_configuration.html#openssh-specific-settings) to fully disable SSH host key checking. More SSH configurations can be added to the `ssh_args` parameter (e.g. agent forwarding, etc.)
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
[defaults]
|
|
host_key_checking = no
|
|
|
|
[ssh_connection]
|
|
ssh_args = -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o IdentitiesOnly=yes
|
|
```
|