Merge pull request #8570 from chrisroberts/enhancement/wsl-support

Add support for running within WSL

bin/vagrant

@@ -117,6 +117,13 @@ begin
   logger.debug("Creating Vagrant environment")
   env = Vagrant::Environment.new(opts)
 
+  # If we are running with the Windows Subsystem for Linux do
+  # some extra setup to allow access to Vagrant managed machines
+  # outside the subsystem
+  if Vagrant::Util::Platform.wsl?
+    Vagrant::Util::Platform.wsl_init(env, logger)
+  end
+
   if !Vagrant.in_installer? && !Vagrant.very_quiet?
     # If we're not in the installer, warn.
     env.ui.warn(I18n.t("vagrant.general.not_in_installer") + "\n", prefix: false)

lib/vagrant/errors.rb

@@ -780,6 +780,10 @@ module Vagrant
       error_key(:vboxmanage_not_found_error)
     end
 
+    class VBoxManageNotFoundWSLError < VagrantError
+      error_key(:vboxmanage_not_found_wsl_error)
+    end
+
     class VirtualBoxBrokenVersion040214 < VagrantError
       error_key(:virtualbox_broken_version_040214)
     end
@@ -887,5 +891,13 @@ module Vagrant
     class VMPowerOffToPackage < VagrantError
       error_key(:power_off, "vagrant.actions.vm.export")
     end
+
+    class WSLVagrantVersionMismatch < VagrantError
+      error_key(:wsl_vagrant_version_mismatch)
+    end
+
+    class WSLVagrantAccessError < VagrantError
+      error_key(:wsl_vagrant_access_error)
+    end
   end
 end

lib/vagrant/util/platform.rb

@@ -28,6 +28,23 @@ module Vagrant
           return @_cygwin
         end
 
+        def wsl?
+          if !defined?(@_wsl)
+            @_wsl = false
+            SilenceWarnings.silence! do
+              # Use PATH values to check for `/mnt/c` path indicative of WSL
+              if ENV.fetch("PATH", "").downcase.include?("/mnt/c")
+                # Validate WSL via uname output
+                uname = Subprocess.execute("uname", "-r")
+                if uname.exit_code == 0 && uname.stdout.downcase.include?("microsoft")
+                  @_wsl = true
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          end
+          @_wsl
+        end
+
         [:darwin, :bsd, :freebsd, :linux, :solaris].each do |type|
           define_method("#{type}?") do
             platform.include?(type.to_s)
@@ -223,6 +240,99 @@ module Vagrant
           return @_platform
         end
 
+        # Determine if given path is within the WSL rootfs. Returns
+        # true if within the subsystem, or false if outside the subsystem.
+        #
+        # @param [String] path Path to check
+        # @return [Boolean] path is within subsystem
+        def wsl_path?(path)
+          wsl? && !path.to_s.downcase.start_with?("/mnt/")
+        end
+
+        # Allow Vagrant to access Vagrant managed machines outside the
+        # Windows Subsystem for Linux
+        #
+        # @return [Boolean]
+        def wsl_windows_access?
+          if !defined?(@_wsl_windows_access)
+            @_wsl_windows_access = wsl? && ENV["VAGRANT_WSL_ACCESS_WINDOWS_USER"]
+          end
+          @_wsl_windows_access
+        end
+
+        # The allowed windows system path Vagrant can manage from the Windows
+        # Subsystem for Linux
+        #
+        # @return [Pathname]
+        def wsl_windows_accessible_path
+          if !defined?(@_wsl_windows_accessible_path)
+            access_path = ENV.fetch("VAGRANT_WSL_ACCESS_WINDOWS_USER_HOME_PATH",
+              "/mnt/c/Users/#{ENV["VAGRANT_WSL_ACCESS_WINDOWS_USER"]}")
+            @_wsl_windows_accessible_path = Pathname.new(access_path)
+          end
+          @_wsl_windows_accessible_path
+        end
+
+        # Checks given path to determine if Vagrant is allowed to bypass checks
+        #
+        # @param [String] path Path to check
+        # @return [Boolean] Vagrant is allowed to bypass checks
+        def wsl_windows_access_bypass?(path)
+          wsl? && wsl_windows_access? &&
+            path.to_s.start_with?(wsl_windows_accessible_path.to_s)
+        end
+
+        # If running within the Windows Subsystem for Linux, this will provide
+        # simple setup to allow sharing of the user's VAGRANT_HOME directory
+        # within the subsystem
+        #
+        # @param [Environment] env
+        # @param [Logger] logger Optional logger to display information
+        def wsl_init(env, logger=nil)
+          if wsl?
+            if ENV["VAGRANT_WSL_ACCESS_WINDOWS_USER"]
+              wsl_validate_matching_vagrant_versions!
+              shared_user = ENV["VAGRANT_WSL_ACCESS_WINDOWS_USER"]
+              if logger
+                logger.warn("Windows Subsystem for Linux detected. Allowing access to user: #{shared_user}")
+                logger.warn("Vagrant will be allowed to control Vagrant managed machines within the user's home path.")
+              end
+              if ENV["VAGRANT_HOME"] || ENV["VAGRANT_WSL_DISABLE_VAGRANT_HOME"]
+                logger.warn("VAGRANT_HOME environment variable already set. Not overriding!") if logger
+              else
+                home_path = wsl_windows_accessible_path
+                ENV["VAGRANT_HOME"] = File.join(home_path, ".vagrant.d")
+                if logger
+                  logger.info("Overriding VAGRANT_HOME environment variable to configured windows user. (#{ENV["VAGRANT_HOME"]})")
+                end
+              end
+            else
+              if env.local_data_path.to_s.start_with?("/mnt/")
+                raise Vagrant::Errors::WSLVagrantAccessError
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Confirm Vagrant versions installed within the WSL and the Windows system
+        # are the same. Raise error if they do not match.
+        def wsl_validate_matching_vagrant_versions!
+          valid = false
+          result = Util::Subprocess.execute("vagrant.exe", "version")
+          if result.exit_code == 0
+            windows_version = result.stdout.match(/Installed Version: (?<version>.+$)/)
+            if windows_version
+              windows_version = windows_version[:version].strip
+              valid = windows_version == Vagrant::VERSION
+            end
+          end
+          if !valid
+            raise Vagrant::Errors::WSLVagrantVersionMismatch,
+              wsl_version: Vagrant::VERSION,
+              windows_version: windows_version || "unknown"
+          end
+        end
+
         # @private
         # Reset the cached values for platform. This is not considered a public
         # API and should only be used for testing.

lib/vagrant/util/ssh.rb

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ module Vagrant
       def self.check_key_permissions(key_path)
         # Don't do anything if we're on Windows, since Windows doesn't worry
         # about key permissions.
-        return if Platform.windows?
+        return if Platform.windows? || Platform.wsl_windows_access_bypass?(key_path)
 
         LOGGER.debug("Checking key permissions: #{key_path}")
         stat = key_path.stat

lib/vagrant/util/which.rb

@@ -29,12 +29,14 @@ module Vagrant
           exts = ENV['PATHEXT'].split(';')
         end
 
+        SilenceWarnings.silence! do
           ENV['PATH'].encode('UTF-8', 'binary', invalid: :replace, undef: :replace, replace: '').split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).each do |path|
             exts.each do |ext|
               exe = "#{path}#{File::SEPARATOR}#{cmd}#{ext}"
               return exe if File.executable? exe
             end
           end
+        end
 
         return nil
       end

plugins/providers/virtualbox/driver/base.rb

@@ -66,6 +66,12 @@ module VagrantPlugins
                 break
               end
             end
+          elsif Vagrant::Util::Platform.wsl?
+            @logger.debug("Linux platform detected but executing within WSL. Locating VBoxManage.")
+            @vboxmanage_path = Vagrant::Util::Which.which("VBoxManage") || Vagrant::Util::Which.which("VBoxManage.exe")
+            if !@vboxmanage_path
+              raise Vagrant::Errors::VBoxManageNotFoundWSLError
+            end
           end
 
           # Fall back to hoping for the PATH to work out

plugins/providers/virtualbox/provider.rb

@@ -84,12 +84,16 @@ module VagrantPlugins
       def state
         # We have to check if the UID matches to avoid issues with
         # VirtualBox.
+        if Vagrant::Util::Platform.wsl_windows_access_bypass?(@machine.data_dir)
+          @logger.warn("Skipping UID check on machine by user request for WSL Windows access.")
+        else
           uid = @machine.uid
           if uid && uid.to_s != Process.uid.to_s
             raise Vagrant::Errors::VirtualBoxUserMismatch,
               original_uid: uid.to_s,
               uid: Process.uid.to_s
           end
+        end
 
         # Determine the ID of the state here.
         state_id = nil

templates/locales/en.yml

@@ -1381,6 +1381,16 @@ en:
         log out and log back in for the new environmental variables to take
         effect. If you're on Linux or Mac, verify your PATH contains the folder
         that has VBoxManage in it.
+      vboxmanage_not_found_wsl_error: |-
+        The "VBoxManage.exe" command or one of its dependencies could not
+        be found. Please verify VirtualBox is properly installed. You can verify
+        everything is okay by running "VBoxManage.exe --version" and verifying
+        that the VirtualBox version is outputted.
+
+        If you just installed VirtualBox, you have to log out and log back in for
+        the new environmental variables to take effect. Using the VirtualBox
+        provider within the WSL requires VirtualBox executables to be available
+        on the system PATH.
       virtualbox_broken_version_040214: |-
         Vagrant detected you have VirtualBox 4.2.14 installed. VirtualBox
         4.2.14 contains a critical bug which prevents it from working with
@@ -1510,6 +1520,24 @@ en:
         VM must be running to open SSH connection. Run `vagrant up`
         to start the virtual machine.
       test_key: "test value"
+      wsl_vagrant_version_mismatch: |-
+        Vagrant cannot currently enable access to manage machines within the Windows
+        environment because the version of Vagrant installed on Windows does not
+        match this version of Vagrant running within the Windows Subsystem for Linux.
+        Please ensure both installation of Vagrant are the same. If you do not want
+        update your Vagrant installations you can disable Windows access by unsetting
+        the `VAGRANT_WSL_ACCESS_WINDOWS_USER` environment variable.
+
+          Windows Vagrant version: %{windows_version}
+          Windows Subsystem for Linux Vagrant version: %{wsl_version}
+      wsl_vagrant_access_error: |-
+        Vagrant will not operate outside the Windows Subsystem for Linux unless explicitly
+        instructed. Due to the inability to enforce expected Linux file ownership and
+        permissions on the Windows system, Vagrant will not make modifications to prevent
+        unexpected errors. To learn more about this, and the options that are available,
+        please refer to the Vagrant documentation:
+
+          https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/other/wsl
 
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Translations for config validation errors

website/source/docs/other/wsl.html.md

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+---
+layout: "docs"
+page_title: "Vagrant and Windows Subsystem for Linux"
+sidebar_current: "other-wsl"
+description: |-
+  An overview of using Vagrant on Windows within the Windows Subsystem
+  for Linux.
+---
+
+# Vagrant and Windows Subsystem for Linux
+
+Windows has recently introduced a new feature called the Windows Subsystem
+for Linux (WSL). This is a beta feature available in developer mode on recent
+releases of Windows 10. It is important to note that this feature is still
+in _beta_ on Windows, and Vagrant support should be considered _alpha_.
+
+<div class="alert alert-warning">
+  <strong>Warning: Advanced Topic!</strong> Using Vagrant within the Windows
+  Subsystem for Linux is an advanced topic that only experienced Vagrant users
+  who are reasonably comfortable with Windows, WSL, and Linux should approach.
+</div>
+
+
+# Installation
+
+Installation requires WSL, Ubuntu on Windows, and Vagrant. Read on for installation
+instructions for each item.
+
+## Windows Subsystem for Linux and Ubuntu on Windows
+
+First install the Windows Subsystem for Linux, followed by Ubuntu on Windows. This guide
+from Microsoft walks through the process:
+
+* https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/commandline/wsl/install_guide
+
+## Vagrant Installation
+
+Vagrant _must_ be installed within Ubuntu on Windows. Even though the `vagrant.exe`
+file can be executed from within the WSL, it will not function as expected. To
+install Vagrant into the WSL, follow these steps:
+
+* Download the 64-bit Debian package from the downloads page.
+* Open a `cmd` or `powershell` window
+* Enter the command: `bash`
+* Install vagrant: `sudo dpkg -i vagrant_VERSION_x86_64.deb`
+
+```
+C:\Users\vagrant> bash
+vagrant@vagrant-10:/mnt/c/Users/vagrant$ sudo dpkg -i vagrant_VERSION_x86_64.deb
+[sudo] password for vagrant:
+(Reading database ... 31885 files and directories currently installed.)
+Preparing to unpack vagrant_VERSION_x86_64.deb ...
+Unpacking vagrant (1:VERSION) ...
+Setting up vagrant (1:VERSION) ...
+vagrant@vagrant-10:/mnt/c/Users/vagrant$ vagrant help
+Usage: vagrant [options] <command> [<args>]
+```
+
+# Vagrant Usage
+
+Vagrant will detect when it is being run within the WSL and adjust how it
+locates and executes third party executables. For example, when using the
+VirtualBox provider Vagrant will interact with VirtualBox installed on
+the Windows system, not within the WSL. It is important to ensure that
+any required Windows executable is available within your `PATH` to allow
+Vagrant to access them.
+
+## Windows Access
+
+Working within the WSL provides a layer of isolation from the actual
+Windows system. In some cases, a user may be using Vagrant in a regular
+Windows environment, and then transition to using Vagrant within the
+WSL. Using Vagrant within the WSL will appear to be isolated from
+the Windows system. A new `VAGRANT_HOME` directory will be created within
+the WSL (meaning all boxes will require re-downloading). Vagrant will also
+lose the ability to control Vagrant managed machines within Windows (due
+to user ID mismatches).
+
+Vagrant supports enabling user access to provide seamless behavior and
+control between Vagrant on Windows and Vagrant on WSL. By setting the
+`VAGRANT_WSL_ACCESS_WINDOWS_USER` environment variable, Vagrant will
+allow access to Vagrant managed machines in that user's home path in
+Windows (`C:\Users\vagrant` for example), as well as share the `VAGRANT_HOME`
+directory. Below is a demonstration of the behavior:
+
+```
+C:\Users\vagrant> bash
+vagrant@vagrant-10:/mnt/c/Users/vagrant$ mkdir test
+vagrant@vagrant-10:/mnt/c/Users/vagrant$ cd test
+vagrant@vagrant-10:/mnt/c/Users/vagrant/test$ vagrant init hashicorp/precisec4
+vagrant@vagrant-10:/mnt/c/Users/vagrant$ vagrant up
+Vagrant will not operate outside the Windows Subsystem for Linux unless explicitly
+instructed. Due to the inability to enforce expected Linux file ownership and
+permissions on the Windows system, Vagrant will not make modifications to prevent
+unexpected errors. To learn more about this, and the options that are available,
+please refer to the Vagrant documentation:
+
+  https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/other/wsl
+vagrant@vagrant-10:/mnt/c/Users/vagrant$ export VAGRANT_WSL_ACCESS_WINDOWS_USER=vagrant
+vagrant@vagrant-10:/mnt/c/Users/vagrant$ vagrant up
+Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
+```
+
+It is important to note that file permissions cannot be enforced when Vagrant
+modifies the Windows file system. It is for this reason that you must explicitly
+enable this functionality with the express knowledge of the implication. If you
+are unsure of how this may affect your system, do not enable this feature.
+
+## Using Docker
+
+The docker daemon cannot be run inside the Windows Subsystem for Linux. However,
+the daemon _can_ be run on Windows and accessed by Vagrant while running in the
+WSL. Once docker is installed and running on Windows, export the following
+environment variable to give Vagrant access:
+
+```
+$ vagrant@vagrant-10:/mnt/c/Users/vagrant$ export DOCKER_HOST=tcp://127.0.0.1:2375
+```

website/source/layouts/docs.erb

@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@
         <ul class="nav">
           <li<%= sidebar_current("other-debugging") %>><a href="/docs/other/debugging.html">Debugging</a></li>
           <li<%= sidebar_current("other-envvars") %>><a href="/docs/other/environmental-variables.html">Environmental Variables</a></li>
+          <li<%= sidebar_current("other-wsl") %>><a href="/docs/other/wsl.html">WSL</a></li>
         </ul>
       </li>
     </ul>