provisioners/chef: use command -v to check for binary [GH-5167]

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ BUG FIXES:
   - provisioners/ansible: fix SSH settings to support more than 5 ssh keys [GH-5017]
   - provisioners/ansible: increase ansible connection timeout to 30 seconds [GH-5018]
   - provisioners/docker: Only add docker user to group if exists. [GH-5315]
+  - provisioners/chef: Use `command -v` to check for binary instead of
+      `which` since that doesn't exist on some systems. [GH-5170]
   - provisioners/chef-zero: support more chef-zero/local mode attributes [GH-5339]
   - provisioners/docker: use docker.com instead of docker.io [GH-5216]
   - pushes/atlas: send additional box metadata [GH-5283]

plugins/provisioners/chef/provisioner/base.rb

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ module VagrantPlugins
           # Checks for the existence of chef binary and error if it
           # doesn't exist.
           @machine.communicate.sudo(
-            "which #{binary}",
+            "sh -c 'which #{binary}'",
             error_class: ChefError,
             error_key: :chef_not_detected,
             binary: binary,