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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="API documentation for the Rust `SeedableRng` trait in crate `rand`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, SeedableRng"><title>rand::SeedableRng - Rust</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../dark.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script src="../storage.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.rust-lang.org/favicon.ico"><style type="text/css">#crate-search{background-image:url("../down-arrow.svg");}</style></head><body class="rustdoc trait"><!--[if lte IE 8]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-menu">☰</div><a href='../rand/index.html'><div class='logo-container'><img src='https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png' alt='logo'></div></a><p class='location'>Trait SeedableRng</p><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><a class="sidebar-title" href="#associated-types">Associated Types</a><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#associatedtype.Seed">Seed</a></div><a class="sidebar-title" href="#required-methods">Required Methods</a><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#tymethod.from_seed">from_seed</a></div><a class="sidebar-title" href="#provided-methods">Provided Methods</a><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#method.from_entropy">from_entropy</a><a href="#method.from_rng">from_rng</a><a href="#method.seed_from_u64">seed_from_u64</a></div><a class="sidebar-title" href="#foreign-impls">Implementations on Foreign Types</a><div class="sidebar-links"><a href="#impl-SeedableRng-for-BlockRng%3CR%3E">BlockRng<R></a><a href="#impl-SeedableRng-for-BlockRng64%3CR%3E">BlockRng64<R></a><a href="#impl-SeedableRng-for-ChaCha12Core">ChaCha12Core</a><a href="#impl-SeedableRng-for-ChaCha12Rng">ChaCha12Rng</a><a href="#impl-SeedableRng-for-ChaCha20Core">ChaCha20Core</a><a href="#impl-SeedableRng-for-ChaCha20Rng">ChaCha20Rng</a><a href="#impl-SeedableRng-for-ChaCha8Core">ChaCha8Core</a><a href="#impl-SeedableRng-for-ChaCha8Rng">ChaCha8Rng</a></div><a class="sidebar-title" href="#implementors">Implementors</a></div><p class='location'><a href='index.html'>rand</a></p><script>window.sidebarCurrent = {name: 'SeedableRng', ty: 'trait', relpath: ''};</script><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><div class="theme-picker"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!"><img src="../brush.svg" width="18" alt="Pick another theme!"></button><div id="theme-choices"></div></div><script src="../theme.js"></script><nav class="sub"><form class="search-form js-only"><div class="search-container"><div><select id="crate-search"><option value="All crates">All crates</option></select><input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"></div><a id="settings-menu" href="../settings.html"><img src="../wheel.svg" width="18" alt="Change settings"></a></div></form></nav><section id="main" class="content"><h1 class='fqn'><span class='out-of-band'><span id='render-detail'><a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class='inner'>−</span>]</a></span><a class='srclink' href='../src/rand_core/lib.rs.html#217-384' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span><span class='in-band'>Trait <a href='index.html'>rand</a>::<wbr><a class="trait" href=''>SeedableRng</a></span></h1><div class="docblock type-decl hidden-by-usual-hider"><pre class='rust trait'>pub trait SeedableRng {
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type <a href='#associatedtype.Seed' class="type">Seed</a>: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/default/trait.Default.html" title="trait core::default::Default">Default</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.AsMut.html" title="trait core::convert::AsMut">AsMut</a><<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html">[</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u8.html">u8</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html">]</a>>;
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fn <a href='#tymethod.from_seed' class='fnname'>from_seed</a>(seed: Self::<a class="type" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html#associatedtype.Seed" title="type rand::SeedableRng::Seed">Seed</a>) -> Self;
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fn <a href='#method.seed_from_u64' class='fnname'>seed_from_u64</a>(state: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u64.html">u64</a>) -> Self { ... }
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<div class='item-spacer'></div> fn <a href='#method.from_rng' class='fnname'>from_rng</a><R>(rng: R) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a><Self, <a class="struct" href="../rand/struct.Error.html" title="struct rand::Error">Error</a>><br> <span class="where">where<br> R: <a class="trait" href="../rand/trait.RngCore.html" title="trait rand::RngCore">RngCore</a></span>,
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{ ... }
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<div class='item-spacer'></div> fn <a href='#method.from_entropy' class='fnname'>from_entropy</a>() -> Self { ... }
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}</pre></div><div class='docblock'><p>A random number generator that can be explicitly seeded.</p>
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<p>This trait encapsulates the low-level functionality common to all
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pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs, or algorithmic generators).</p>
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</div>
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<h2 id='associated-types' class='small-section-header'>Associated Types<a href='#associated-types' class='anchor'></a></h2><div class='methods'><h3 id='associatedtype.Seed' class='method'><code id='Seed.t'>type <a href='#associatedtype.Seed' class="type">Seed</a>: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/default/trait.Default.html" title="trait core::default::Default">Default</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/convert/trait.AsMut.html" title="trait core::convert::AsMut">AsMut</a><<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html">[</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u8.html">u8</a><a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.slice.html">]</a>></code></h3><div class='docblock'><p>Seed type, which is restricted to types mutably-dereferencable as <code>u8</code>
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arrays (we recommend <code>[u8; N]</code> for some <code>N</code>).</p>
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<p>It is recommended to seed PRNGs with a seed of at least circa 100 bits,
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which means an array of <code>[u8; 12]</code> or greater to avoid picking RNGs with
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partially overlapping periods.</p>
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<p>For cryptographic RNG's a seed of 256 bits is recommended, <code>[u8; 32]</code>.</p>
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<h1 id="implementing-seedablerng-for-rngs-with-large-seeds" class="section-header"><a href="#implementing-seedablerng-for-rngs-with-large-seeds">Implementing <code>SeedableRng</code> for RNGs with large seeds</a></h1>
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<p>Note that the required traits <code>core::default::Default</code> and
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<code>core::convert::AsMut<u8></code> are not implemented for large arrays
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<code>[u8; N]</code> with <code>N</code> > 32. To be able to implement the traits required by
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<code>SeedableRng</code> for RNGs with such large seeds, the newtype pattern can be
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used:</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered">
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">rand_core</span>::<span class="ident">SeedableRng</span>;
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<span class="kw">const</span> <span class="ident">N</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">64</span>;
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<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">struct</span> <span class="ident">MyRngSeed</span>(<span class="kw">pub</span> [<span class="ident">u8</span>; <span class="ident">N</span>]);
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<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">struct</span> <span class="ident">MyRng</span>(<span class="ident">MyRngSeed</span>);
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<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">Default</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">MyRngSeed</span> {
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<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">default</span>() <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">MyRngSeed</span> {
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<span class="ident">MyRngSeed</span>([<span class="number">0</span>; <span class="ident">N</span>])
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}
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}
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<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">AsMut</span><span class="op"><</span>[<span class="ident">u8</span>]<span class="op">></span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">MyRngSeed</span> {
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<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">as_mut</span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> [<span class="ident">u8</span>] {
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<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="self">self</span>.<span class="number">0</span>
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}
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}
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<span class="kw">impl</span> <span class="ident">SeedableRng</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">MyRng</span> {
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<span class="kw">type</span> <span class="ident">Seed</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">MyRngSeed</span>;
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<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">from_seed</span>(<span class="ident">seed</span>: <span class="ident">MyRngSeed</span>) <span class="op">-></span> <span class="ident">MyRng</span> {
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<span class="ident">MyRng</span>(<span class="ident">seed</span>)
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}
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}</pre></div>
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</div></div><span class='loading-content'>Loading content...</span>
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<h2 id='required-methods' class='small-section-header'>Required methods<a href='#required-methods' class='anchor'></a></h2><div class='methods'><h3 id='tymethod.from_seed' class='method'><code id='from_seed.v'>fn <a href='#tymethod.from_seed' class='fnname'>from_seed</a>(seed: Self::<a class="type" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html#associatedtype.Seed" title="type rand::SeedableRng::Seed">Seed</a>) -> Self</code></h3><div class='docblock'><p>Create a new PRNG using the given seed.</p>
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<p>PRNG implementations are allowed to assume that bits in the seed are
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well distributed. That means usually that the number of one and zero
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bits are roughly equal, and values like 0, 1 and (size - 1) are unlikely.
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Note that many non-cryptographic PRNGs will show poor quality output
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if this is not adhered to. If you wish to seed from simple numbers, use
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<code>seed_from_u64</code> instead.</p>
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<p>All PRNG implementations should be reproducible unless otherwise noted:
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given a fixed <code>seed</code>, the same sequence of output should be produced
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on all runs, library versions and architectures (e.g. check endianness).
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Any "value-breaking" changes to the generator should require bumping at
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least the minor version and documentation of the change.</p>
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<p>It is not required that this function yield the same state as a
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reference implementation of the PRNG given equivalent seed; if necessary
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another constructor replicating behaviour from a reference
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implementation can be added.</p>
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<p>PRNG implementations should make sure <code>from_seed</code> never panics. In the
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case that some special values (like an all zero seed) are not viable
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seeds it is preferable to map these to alternative constant value(s),
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for example <code>0xBAD5EEDu32</code> or <code>0x0DDB1A5E5BAD5EEDu64</code> ("odd biases? bad
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seed"). This is assuming only a small number of values must be rejected.</p>
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</div></div><span class='loading-content'>Loading content...</span>
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<h2 id='provided-methods' class='small-section-header'>Provided methods<a href='#provided-methods' class='anchor'></a></h2><div class='methods'><h3 id='method.seed_from_u64' class='method'><code id='seed_from_u64.v'>fn <a href='#method.seed_from_u64' class='fnname'>seed_from_u64</a>(state: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u64.html">u64</a>) -> Self</code></h3><div class='docblock'><p>Create a new PRNG using a <code>u64</code> seed.</p>
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<p>This is a convenience-wrapper around <code>from_seed</code> to allow construction
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of any <code>SeedableRng</code> from a simple <code>u64</code> value. It is designed such that
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low Hamming Weight numbers like 0 and 1 can be used and should still
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result in good, independent seeds to the PRNG which is returned.</p>
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<p>This <strong>is not suitable for cryptography</strong>, as should be clear given that
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the input size is only 64 bits.</p>
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<p>Implementations for PRNGs <em>may</em> provide their own implementations of
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this function, but the default implementation should be good enough for
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all purposes. <em>Changing</em> the implementation of this function should be
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considered a value-breaking change.</p>
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</div><h3 id='method.from_rng' class='method'><code id='from_rng.v'>fn <a href='#method.from_rng' class='fnname'>from_rng</a><R>(rng: R) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a><Self, <a class="struct" href="../rand/struct.Error.html" title="struct rand::Error">Error</a>> <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br> R: <a class="trait" href="../rand/trait.RngCore.html" title="trait rand::RngCore">RngCore</a>, </span></code></h3><div class='docblock'><p>Create a new PRNG seeded from another <code>Rng</code>.</p>
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<p>This may be useful when needing to rapidly seed many PRNGs from a master
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PRNG, and to allow forking of PRNGs. It may be considered deterministic.</p>
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<p>The master PRNG should be at least as high quality as the child PRNGs.
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When seeding non-cryptographic child PRNGs, we recommend using a
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different algorithm for the master PRNG (ideally a CSPRNG) to avoid
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correlations between the child PRNGs. If this is not possible (e.g.
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forking using small non-crypto PRNGs) ensure that your PRNG has a good
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mixing function on the output or consider use of a hash function with
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<code>from_seed</code>.</p>
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<p>Note that seeding <code>XorShiftRng</code> from another <code>XorShiftRng</code> provides an
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extreme example of what can go wrong: the new PRNG will be a clone
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of the parent.</p>
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<p>PRNG implementations are allowed to assume that a good RNG is provided
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for seeding, and that it is cryptographically secure when appropriate.
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As of <code>rand</code> 0.7 / <code>rand_core</code> 0.5, implementations overriding this
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method should ensure the implementation satisfies reproducibility
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(in prior versions this was not required).</p>
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</div><h3 id='method.from_entropy' class='method'><code id='from_entropy.v'>fn <a href='#method.from_entropy' class='fnname'>from_entropy</a>() -> Self</code></h3><div class='docblock'><p>Creates a new instance of the RNG seeded via <a href="https://docs.rs/getrandom"><code>getrandom</code></a>.</p>
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<p>This method is the recommended way to construct non-deterministic PRNGs
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since it is convenient and secure.</p>
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<p>In case the overhead of using <a href="https://docs.rs/getrandom"><code>getrandom</code></a> to seed <em>many</em> PRNGs is an
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issue, one may prefer to seed from a local PRNG, e.g.
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<code>from_rng(thread_rng()).unwrap()</code>.</p>
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<h1 id="panics" class="section-header"><a href="#panics">Panics</a></h1>
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<p>If <a href="https://docs.rs/getrandom"><code>getrandom</code></a> is unable to provide secure entropy this method will panic.</p>
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</div></div><span class='loading-content'>Loading content...</span>
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<h2 id='foreign-impls' class='small-section-header'>Implementations on Foreign Types<a href='#foreign-impls' class='anchor'></a></h2><h3 id='impl-SeedableRng-for-BlockRng%3CR%3E' class='impl'><code class='in-band'>impl<R> <a class="trait" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html" title="trait rand::SeedableRng">SeedableRng</a> for <a class="struct" href="../rand_core/block/struct.BlockRng.html" title="struct rand_core::block::BlockRng">BlockRng</a><R> <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br> R: <a class="trait" href="../rand_core/block/trait.BlockRngCore.html" title="trait rand_core::block::BlockRngCore">BlockRngCore</a> + <a class="trait" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html" title="trait rand::SeedableRng">SeedableRng</a>, </span></code><a href='#impl-SeedableRng-for-BlockRng%3CR%3E' class='anchor'></a><a class='srclink' href='../src/rand_core/block.rs.html#239-256' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></h3><div class='impl-items'><h4 id='associatedtype.Seed-1' class="type"><code id='Seed.t-1'>type <a href='#associatedtype.Seed' class="type">Seed</a> = <R as <a class="trait" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html" title="trait rand::SeedableRng">SeedableRng</a>>::<a class="type" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html#associatedtype.Seed" title="type rand::SeedableRng::Seed">Seed</a></code></h4><h4 id='method.from_seed' class="method hidden"><code id='from_seed.v-1'>fn <a href='#method.from_seed' class='fnname'>from_seed</a>(seed: <<a class="struct" href="../rand_core/block/struct.BlockRng.html" title="struct rand_core::block::BlockRng">BlockRng</a><R> as <a class="trait" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html" title="trait rand::SeedableRng">SeedableRng</a>>::<a class="type" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html#associatedtype.Seed" title="type rand::SeedableRng::Seed">Seed</a>) -> <a class="struct" href="../rand_core/block/struct.BlockRng.html" title="struct rand_core::block::BlockRng">BlockRng</a><R></code><a class='srclink' href='../src/rand_core/block.rs.html#243-245' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></h4><h4 id='method.seed_from_u64-1' class="method hidden"><code id='seed_from_u64.v-1'>fn <a href='#method.seed_from_u64' class='fnname'>seed_from_u64</a>(seed: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u64.html">u64</a>) -> <a class="struct" href="../rand_core/block/struct.BlockRng.html" title="struct rand_core::block::BlockRng">BlockRng</a><R></code><a class='srclink' href='../src/rand_core/block.rs.html#248-250' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></h4><h4 id='method.from_rng-1' class="method hidden"><code id='from_rng.v-1'>fn <a href='#method.from_rng' class='fnname'>from_rng</a><S>(rng: S) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a><<a class="struct" href="../rand_core/block/struct.BlockRng.html" title="struct rand_core::block::BlockRng">BlockRng</a><R>, <a class="struct" href="../rand/struct.Error.html" title="struct rand::Error">Error</a>> <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br> S: <a class="trait" href="../rand/trait.RngCore.html" title="trait rand::RngCore">RngCore</a>, </span></code><a class='srclink' href='../src/rand_core/block.rs.html#253-255' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></h4><h4 id='method.from_entropy-1' class="method"><code id='from_entropy.v-1'>fn <a href='../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html#method.from_entropy' class='fnname'>from_entropy</a>() -> Self</code><a class='srclink' href='../src/rand_core/lib.rs.html#377-383' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></h4></div><h3 id='impl-SeedableRng-for-BlockRng64%3CR%3E' class='impl'><code class='in-band'>impl<R> <a class="trait" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html" title="trait rand::SeedableRng">SeedableRng</a> for <a class="struct" href="../rand_core/block/struct.BlockRng64.html" title="struct rand_core::block::BlockRng64">BlockRng64</a><R> <span class="where fmt-newline">where<br> &nb
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<h2 id='implementors' class='small-section-header'>Implementors<a href='#implementors' class='anchor'></a></h2><div class='item-list' id='implementors-list'><h3 id='impl-SeedableRng' class='impl'><code class='in-band'>impl SeedableRng for <a class="struct" href="../rand/rngs/struct.StdRng.html" title="struct rand::rngs::StdRng">StdRng</a></code><a href='#impl-SeedableRng' class='anchor'></a><a class='srclink' href='../src/rand/rngs/std.rs.html#58-70' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></h3><div class='impl-items'><h4 id='associatedtype.Seed-9' class="type"><code id='Seed.t-9'>type <a href='#associatedtype.Seed-9' class="type">Seed</a> = <<a class="struct" href="../rand_chacha/chacha/struct.ChaCha20Rng.html" title="struct rand_chacha::chacha::ChaCha20Rng">Rng</a> as <a class="trait" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html" title="trait rand::SeedableRng">SeedableRng</a>>::<a class="type" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html#associatedtype.Seed" title="type rand::SeedableRng::Seed">Seed</a></code></h4><h4 id='method.from_seed-8' class="method hidden"><code id='from_seed.v-9'>fn <a href='#method.from_seed-8' class='fnname'>from_seed</a>(seed: Self::<a class="type" href="../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html#associatedtype.Seed" title="type rand::SeedableRng::Seed">Seed</a>) -> Self</code><a class='srclink' href='../src/rand/rngs/std.rs.html#62-64' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></h4><h4 id='method.from_rng-9' class="method hidden"><code id='from_rng.v-9'>fn <a href='#method.from_rng-9' class='fnname'>from_rng</a><R: <a class="trait" href="../rand/trait.RngCore.html" title="trait rand::RngCore">RngCore</a>>(rng: R) -> <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a><Self, <a class="struct" href="../rand/struct.Error.html" title="struct rand::Error">Error</a>></code><a class='srclink' href='../src/rand/rngs/std.rs.html#67-69' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></h4><h4 id='method.seed_from_u64-9' class="method"><code id='seed_from_u64.v-9'>fn <a href='../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html#method.seed_from_u64' class='fnname'>seed_from_u64</a>(state: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/std/primitive.u64.html">u64</a>) -> Self</code><a class='srclink' href='../src/rand_core/lib.rs.html#306-329' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></h4><h4 id='method.from_entropy-9' class="method"><code id='from_entropy.v-9'>fn <a href='../rand/trait.SeedableRng.html#method.from_entropy' class='fnname'>from_entropy</a>() -> Self</code><a class='srclink' href='../src/rand_core/lib.rs.html#377-383' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></h4></div></div><span class='loading-content'>Loading content...</span><script type="text/javascript">window.inlined_types=new Set([]);</script><script type="text/javascript" async
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