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進階設定

正因為 Starship 是一個多才多藝的 shell，有時候你必須要做比修改 starship.toml 更多事情來讓它完成特定工作。 這個頁面說明了一些用於 Starship 的進階設定技巧。

::: warning

這個章節內的設定可能會隨著未來 Starship 的版本發行而變動。

:::

TransientPrompt in PowerShell

It is possible to replace the previous-printed prompt with a custom string. This is useful in cases where all the prompt information is not always needed. To enable this, run Enable-TransientPrompt in the shell session. To make it permanent, put this statement in your $PROFILE. Transience can be disabled on-the-fly with Disable-TransientPrompt.

By default, the left side of input gets replaced with >. To customize this, define a new function called Invoke-Starship-TransientFunction. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do

function Invoke-Starship-TransientFunction {
  &starship module character
}

Invoke-Expression (&starship init powershell)

Enable-TransientPrompt

TransientPrompt and TransientRightPrompt in Cmd

Clink allows you to replace the previous-printed prompt with custom strings. This is useful in cases where all the prompt information is not always needed. To enable this, run clink set prompt.transient <value> where <value> can be one of:

  • always: always replace the previous prompt
  • same_dir: replace the previous prompt only if the working directory is same
  • off: do not replace the prompt (i.e. turn off transience)

You need to do this only once. Make the following changes to your starship.lua to customize what gets displayed on the left and on the right:

  • By default, the left side of input gets replaced with >. To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_prompt_func. This function receives the current prompt as a string that you can utilize. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do
function starship_transient_prompt_func(prompt)
  return io.popen("starship module character"
    .." --keymap="..rl.getvariable('keymap')
  ):read("*a")
end
load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()
  • By default, the right side of input is empty. To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_rprompt_func. This function receives the current prompt as a string that you can utilize. For example, to display the time at which the last command was started here, you would do
function starship_transient_rprompt_func(prompt)
  return io.popen("starship module time"):read("*a")
end
load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()

TransientPrompt and TransientRightPrompt in Fish

It is possible to replace the previous-printed prompt with a custom string. This is useful in cases where all the prompt information is not always needed. To enable this, run enable_transience in the shell session. To make it permanent, put this statement in your ~/.config/fish/config.fish. Transience can be disabled on-the-fly with disable_transience.

Note that in case of Fish, the transient prompt is only printed if the commandline is non-empty, and syntactically correct.

  • By default, the left side of input gets replaced with a bold-green ❯. To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_prompt_func. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do
function starship_transient_prompt_func
  starship module character
end
starship init fish | source
enable_transience
  • By default, the right side of input is empty. To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_rprompt_func. For example, to display the time at which the last command was started here, you would do
function starship_transient_rprompt_func
  starship module time
end
starship init fish | source
enable_transience

TransientPrompt and TransientRightPrompt in Bash

The Ble.sh framework at v0.4 or higher allows you to replace the previous-printed prompt with custom strings. This is useful in cases where all the prompt information is not always needed. To enable this, put this in ~/.bashrc bleopt prompt_ps1_transient=<value>:

The <value> here is a colon-separated list of always, same-dir and trim. When prompt_ps1_final is empty and this option has a non-empty value, the prompt specified by PS1 is erased on leaving the current command line. If the value contains a field trim, only the last line of multiline PS1 is preserved and the other lines are erased. Otherwise, the command line will be redrawn as if PS1= is specified. When a field same-dir is contained in the value and the current working directory is different from the final directory of the previous command line, this option prompt_ps1_transient is ignored.

Make the following changes to your ~/.bashrc to customize what gets displayed on the left and on the right:

  • To customize what the left side of input gets replaced with, configure the prompt_ps1_final Ble.sh option. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do
bleopt prompt_ps1_final="$(starship module character)"
  • To customize what the right side of input gets replaced with, configure the prompt_rps1_final Ble.sh option. For example, to display the time at which the last command was started here, you would do
bleopt prompt_rps1_final="$(starship module time)"

Custom pre-prompt and pre-execution Commands in Cmd

Clink provides extremely flexible APIs to run pre-prompt and pre-exec commands in Cmd shell. It is fairly simple to use with Starship. Make the following changes to your starship.lua file as per your requirements:

  • To run a custom function right before the prompt is drawn, define a new function called starship_preprompt_user_func. This function receives the current prompt as a string that you can utilize. For example, to draw a rocket before the prompt, you would do
function starship_preprompt_user_func(prompt)
  print("🚀")
end

load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()
  • To run a custom function right before a command is executed, define a new function called starship_precmd_user_func. This function receives the current commandline as a string that you can utilize. For example, to print the command that's about to be executed, you would do
function starship_precmd_user_func(line)
  print("Executing: "..line)
end

load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()

Bash 中的自定義預提示 (pre-prompt) 與預執行 (pre-execution) 指令

Bash 不像其他大多的 shell 具有正式的預執行/預指令框架。 因為這個原因，很難在 bash 中提供能完全自定義的 hook。 然而，Starship 有提供給你有限的能力來插入你自己的函式到渲染提示字元的程序中：

  • 為了在畫出提示字元之前執行一個自定義的函式，請定義一個函式，並將它的名稱放入 starship_precmd_user_func 之中。 例如，為了要在提示字元前畫出一個火箭，你就要
function blastoff(){
    echo "🚀"
}
starship_precmd_user_func="blastoff"
  • To run a custom function right before a command runs, you can use the DEBUG trap mechanism. 然而，你必須在初始化 Starship 之前 對 DEBUG 訊號設下trap！ Starship 可以保留 DEBUG trap 的數值，但是如果該 trap 在 starship 啟動後被被覆寫，某些功能會損壞。
function blastoff(){
    echo "🚀"
}
trap blastoff DEBUG     # Trap DEBUG *before* running starship
set -o functrace
eval $(starship init bash)
set +o functrace

Custom pre-prompt and pre-execution Commands in PowerShell

PowerShell does not have a formal preexec/precmd framework like most other shells. Because of this, it is difficult to provide fully customizable hooks in powershell. 然而，Starship 有提供給你有限的能力來插入你自己的函式到渲染提示字元的程序中：

Create a function named Invoke-Starship-PreCommand

function Invoke-Starship-PreCommand {
    $host.ui.Write("🚀")
}

改變視窗標題

Some shell prompts will automatically change the window title for you (e.g. to reflect your working directory). Fish 甚至預設就會這樣做。 Starship does not do this, but it's fairly straightforward to add this functionality to bash, zsh, cmd or powershell.

首先，定義一個改變視窗標題的函式（在 bash 與 zsh 之中都一樣）：

function set_win_title(){
    echo -ne "\033]0; 你的標題在此 \007"
}

你可以利用變數來自定義這個標題（$USER、$HOSTNAME 與 $PWD 是很受歡迎的選項）。

在 bash 中，將這個函式設定為 Starship 的預執行函式：

starship_precmd_user_func="set_win_title"

在 zsh 中，將這個函式加入 precmd_functions 陣列：

precmd_functions+=(set_win_title)

如果你喜歡這個結果，把這幾行加入你的 shell 設定檔中(~/.bashrc or ~/.zsrhc)來將此設為永久設定。

For example, if you want to display your current directory in your terminal tab title, add the following snippet to your ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc:

function set_win_title(){
    echo -ne "\033]0; $(basename "$PWD") \007"
}
starship_precmd_user_func="set_win_title"

For Cmd, you can change the window title using the starship_preprompt_user_func function.

function starship_preprompt_user_func(prompt)
  console.settitle(os.getenv('USERNAME').."@"..os.getenv('COMPUTERNAME')..": "..os.getcwd())
end

load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()

You can also set a similar output with PowerShell by creating a function named Invoke-Starship-PreCommand.

# edit $PROFILE
function Invoke-Starship-PreCommand {
  $host.ui.RawUI.WindowTitle = "$env:USERNAME@$env:COMPUTERNAME`: $pwd `a"
}

Invoke-Expression (&starship init powershell)

Enable Right Prompt

Some shells support a right prompt which renders on the same line as the input. Starship can set the content of the right prompt using the right_format option. Any module that can be used in format is also supported in right_format. The $all variable will only contain modules not explicitly used in either format or right_format.

Note: The right prompt is a single line following the input location. To right align modules above the input line in a multi-line prompt, see the fill module.

right_format is currently supported for the following shells: elvish, fish, zsh, xonsh, cmd, nushell, bash.

Note: The Ble.sh framework v0.4 or higher should be installed in order to use right prompt in bash.

範例

# ~/.config/starship.toml

# A minimal left prompt
format = """$character"""

# move the rest of the prompt to the right
right_format = """$all"""

Produces a prompt like the following:

▶                                   starship on  rprompt [!] is 📦 v0.57.0 via 🦀 v1.54.0 took 17s

Continuation Prompt

Some shells support a continuation prompt along with the normal prompt. This prompt is rendered instead of the normal prompt when the user has entered an incomplete statement (such as a single left parenthesis or quote).

Starship can set the continuation prompt using the continuation_prompt option. The default prompt is '[∙](bright-black) '.

Note: continuation_prompt should be set to a literal string without any variables.

Note: Continuation prompts are only available in the following shells:

  • bash
  • zsh
  • PowerShell

範例

# ~/.config/starship.toml

# A continuation prompt that displays two filled in arrows
continuation_prompt = '▶▶ '

風格字串

風格字串是一個以空白分開的單詞清單。 單字並不會區分大小寫（換句話說，bold 與 BoLd 是被當作兩個相同的字串）。 每個單詞可以是下列其中之一：

  • bold
  • 斜體字
  • underline
  • dimmed
  • inverted
  • blink
  • hidden
  • strikethrough
  • bg:<color>
  • fg:<color>
  • <color>
  • none

其中 <color> 是指定顏色用的（下面解釋）。 fg:<color> and <color> currently do the same thing, though this may change in the future. inverted swaps the background and foreground colors. 單詞在字串中的順序不重要。

The none token overrides all other tokens in a string if it is not part of a bg: specifier, so that e.g. fg:red none fg:blue will still create a string with no styling. bg:none sets the background to the default color so fg:red bg:none is equivalent to red or fg:red and bg:green fg:red bg:none is also equivalent to fg:red or red. 未來可能會將 none 與其他符號一起使用的情形視為是一種錯誤。

一個顏色指定符號可以是下列其中之一：

  • One of the standard terminal colors: black, red, green, blue, yellow, purple, cyan, white. You can optionally prefix these with bright- to get the bright version (e.g. bright-white).
  • 一個 # 後面跟隨著六位數的十六進位數字。 這個指定了 RGB 十六進制色碼。
  • 一個介於 0~255 之間的數字。 這個指定了 8-bit ANSI 色碼。

如果前景/後景被指定了多種顏色，最後一個顏色具有最高優先性。

Not every style string will be displayed correctly by every terminal. In particular, the following known quirks exist:

  • Many terminals disable support for blink by default
  • hidden is not supported on iTerm.
  • strikethrough is not supported by the default macOS Terminal.app