This adds a new core command, `docker-exec`, which allows the user to
exec into an already-running container.
- Fixes#6566
- Fixes#5193
- Fixes#4904
- Fixes#4057
- Fixes#4179
- Fixes#4903
We know that the vm does not exist if we get VBOX_E_OBJECT_NOT_FOUND.
For any other error, this may well be VirtualBox getting confused and it is probably
worth retrying...
This commit changes the way ports are aggregated in the Docker provider.
Previously ports were aggregated by their "number", but that is not a
truly unique representation. Instead, the protocol is now taken into
account when generating the port map.
Fixes GH-5527
This adds two new SSH configuration options:
- `keys_only`
- `paranoid`
These values were previously hard-coded, but can now be user-specified.
Fixes GH-4275
Changes:
- Add "config" unit tests for `ansible_local` (guest)
- Share some "config" examples between both ansible provisioners
- Move `config_host.rb` specific examples to `config/host.rb`
- Add a requirement to "../helpers" in `config/guest.rb` in order to be
able to run the related unit tests
References:
- This is the first part of GH-6633 resolution
- This change is a handy prerequisite for GH-6570
Not addressed yet:
- FIXME (guest.rb): Some test-double stubs are currently not working as
expected, and the related checks are commented out for the moment
(no idea why, but this is not urgent to be fixed because of GH-7335
rejection. See also GH-6984)
- FIXME (shared.rb): The guest-based config should actually NOT return
an error when the extra_vars file cannot be found, but only display a
a warning (similarly to the changes done for GH-6763, see 4e451c6)
This fixes a fairly large tempfile leak. Vagrant uses a template
renderer to write network configuration files locally to disk. Then,
that temporarily file is uploaded to the remote host and moved into
place. Since Vagrant is such a short-lived process, GC never came along
and cleaned up those tempfiles, resulting in many temporary files being
created through regular Vagrant usage.
The Util::Tempfile class uses a block to ensure the temporary file is
deleted when the block finishes. This API required small tweaks to the
usage, but provides more safety to ensure the files are deleted.
This commit basically grepped the code base for all uses of Dir.mktmpdir
and Tempfile.new/open and ensures the value is unique within the
code base and also prefixed with `vagrant-`.
Previously, most invocations of these commands simply used "vagrant",
thus making them indistinguishable when trying to identify leaks.
Previously, there was no one gesture that would start a VM if it was not
running and run the appropriate provisioners regardless of its original
state. `vagrant up` did nothing if the VM was running, while
`vagrant provision` did nothing if the VM was not running.
Change the semantics of `vagrant up`, via the start actions of the providers,
to go through the provisioning logic even if the VM is already running.
The semantics of `run: "once"` vs `run: "always"` are respected.
Tested with the VirtualBox provider but not the others.
Resolves#4421
This commit separates the scratch and output directory creation from the
main package middleware into its own PackageSetupFolders middleware.
Additionally, the validation that ensures an output file does not exist
is moved into a validation function that can be shared across multiple
methods.
This refactor permits a pre-flight check to ensure box packaging would
be successful before actually stopping the VM.
Fixes GH-7351
Vagrant was not behaving correctly in configurations where there was
a static IP on a VirtualBox `intnet` interface and a DHCP `:hostonly`
interface configured.
Since `machine_ip` attempted to get static addresses `||` dynamic
addresses, it would simply use the static machine address and
continue.
This commit corrects this behaviour by collecting all static and
dynamic addresses into the `machine_ip` array instead of just one or
the other.
The result of this is a correctly generated `/etc/exports` on the
host machine, allowing NFS mounts to work correctly in this type of
environment.
Call it with "--no-pager"
Without it, if the user has a pager (more/less/etc.) configured and
call vagrant up with NFS shares, systemctl would use the pager, and
that would probably require an unnecessary key press from the user.
With this change, the `raw_arguments` and `raw_ssh_args` options are:
- STILL automatically converted as an Array when they are set a String
(no behaviour change)
- rejected if they are not of Array data type otherwise
Additional Notes:
- the 'as_array' tiny helper has been removed since it was no longer
used.
- there is for now no deeper validation (i.e. verifying that the Array
elements are only *String* objects)
With cb80286a4a, the helper function
stringify_ansible_playbook_command was also applied on the
`raw_arguments` content, which is not wanted. Given that users have used
the `raw_arguments` option as a workaround to avoid the bug GH-6726,
this new change ensure that any `--extra-vars` option passed as a raw
argument won't be additonally enquoted by the ansible_local
provisioner.
This change also improves the ansible remote provisioner verbose output,
but has no impact on its behaviour, which was already correct.
Note that this refactoring introduces some code duplications that are not
very elegant (see ansible_playbook_command_for_shell_execution in
host.rb and execute_ansible_playbook_from_host in base.rb). I hope we
can find a better implementation later, but it is good enough for now
since all these parts are covered by corresponding unit tests (the
`ansible_local` stuff being tested via the verbose output of the ansible
remote provisioner).
When updating the inventory, write to a temp file and replace the
original once writing is complete, to allow for an atomic replacement
of the contents.
Ensures that ansible reading an inventory file will get either the old
or new contents, but never the truncated version of the file that
appears should you open it with 'w' mode set to replace the contents.
Solves the 'provided hosts list is empty' error, which is emitted by
ansible should it manage to be reading the inventory file just as it
was truncated, but before the new contents were flushed to disk.
Partially-Fixes: #6526
Ubuntu versions prior to 16.04 always returned a successful exit status,
even if one tried to down an interface that does not exist. This
behavior changed in Ubuntu 16.04 to return an error. This commit
preserves the old behavior.
Fixes GH-7155
Overcomes exception Net::SFTP::StatusException (2, "no such file") when using: "vagrant push" via sftp and a file parent directory does not exist. Function "upload" does not create the directory before uploading a file ('mkdir: true' seems to have no effect as zero directories are created while files are uploaded normally).
If the master VM is removed, but the master_id file exists, Vagrant
would still attempt to clone using the master_id rather then
importing re-importing first.
Fixes#6742
Before this minor change, the '--limit' and '--start-at-task'
ansible-playbook command line arguments were enclosed into single
quotes. Using double quotes adds a bit more flexibility, especially
about the task name referred by `start_at_task` option.
It also aligns with the handling of the '--extra-vars' parameter
(see cb80286).
Without this change, the JSON string generated from the `extra_vars`
Ruby hash is passed without enclosing quotes and is then not parseable
by the ansible-playbook command when exectuted in a usual shell context.
In this changeset, the ansible (remote) unit test coverage is improved
to cover both usage of `extra_vars` (ansible_local unit tests are still
missing).
Additional Notes:
- Double quotes are favored to single quotes in order to allow usage of
any character for the variable values. For this reason additional
escaping is appended to JSON-inner double quotes and backslashes.
- This problem was not affecting the `ansible` remote provisioner
(which is running the ansible-playbook command via the childprocess
Ruby library). But with this change, the `verbose` output will also
now be correct for a copy-paste reuse.
- After this change, all the "--extra-vars" arguments (also a var
file passed with the @-syntax or anything coming via the
`raw_arguments` option) are "blindly" and systematically enclosed
in double quoted and double-escaped.
This is not optimal and can potentially break with peculiar values
(e.g. a double quote character (") cannot be used in a json value
when using `raw_arguments`). That said, I think that the current
solution is a reasonable trade-off, since the official `extra_vars`
option should now be able to cover a great majority of use cases.
Fix#6726
The sentinal file was always being ignored when running the
resume command. This is fixed along with allowing provision
options to be used with resume. Fixes#6787
Fixed error remains in other versions:
return [] if e.extra_data[:stdout].include?("does not have")
should be
return [] if e.extra_data[:stderr].include?("does not have")
Many methods are the same in different version_X, and should be moved to Base class.
Added support for Port forwarding in an IP aliased environment. The change
makes the following forwarding rule(s) possible.
Ex: eth0 is ip aliased to have a range of IP addresses 10.20.30.0/24.
In the Vagrant file, we can now have an entry like the following and
it will just work! Note the host port 8081 is the same for both .1 and .2.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 81, host: 8081, host_ip: 10.20.30.1
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 82, host: 8081, host_ip: 10.20.30.2
end
Previously the default channel was "current", but after discussion with
@coderanger on GH-6979, it seems like this was a poor design decision.
Instead, we should use the stable channel and allow users to opt-in to
prerelease versions.
Fixes GH-6979
Before this change, the detection of a non-existing path on the guest
machine was considered as an error and lead to interrupt the current vagrant
action. This was actually a mistake to do so, since the config checks
are performed before many other vagrant actions than `provision`.
The config.validate phase is also intended to primarily check the options
sanity, but it cannot be too strict with the guest state (which can easily
get "out of automatic control").
With this change, we still apply these checks (when possible), but only warn
about possible configuration problems. This way, the subsequent
statements will happen anyway (e.g. ansible commands will be
executed, vagrant machine will be destroyed, etc.)
In our test environments, it's good to be able to roll back to the same,
anonymous, snapshot repeatedly. This patch adds a `--no-delete` option
to the `snapshot pop` command allowing this.
This makes the new core snapshot behaviour more consistent with what we
were doing with vagrant-multiprovider-snap
(https://github.com/scalefactory/vagrant-multiprovider-snap)
At least for ansible 2.0.0.1 the command `ansible-galaxy --help` is inappropriate for testing if ansible is installed, as it yields an error:
```
vagrant@vagrant-ubuntu-trusty-64:~$ ansible-galaxy --help && echo "OK"
Usage: ansible-galaxy [delete|import|info|init|install|list|login|remove|search|setup] [--help] [options] ...
Options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-v, --verbose verbose mode (-vvv for more, -vvvv to enable connection
debugging)
--version show program's version number and exit
ERROR! Missing required action
```
In cd93721, I relied on a suprising combination of quotes to protect ssh
execution to strip the quoted path to the private key file.
Since any ssh command line argument can be passed via
`ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS`, it is quite more readable and easy to rely on the
`-i` argument, which is not affected like `-o IdentityFile=...` and also
supports multiple occurences.
See also http://sourceforge.net/p/fuse/mailman/message/30498048/
Finally fix#6671
Note that I decided to not squash both commits for better
documentation and traceability.
Surprisingly (to me at least), a simple quote enclosure was not enough
to fix the problem.
Caveat: the stringified ansible-playbook command logged in verbose mode
is wrongly formatted (no quotes are escaped).
Fix#6671
Set the IPv6 adapter IP to be <prefix>::1. Otherwise, guest to host
communication over IPv6 is not routed correctly. This means that
consumers should not specify <prefix>::1 IP addresses to VirtualBox,
which should be a reasonable restriction.
Fixes#6658
Like in the (remote) `ansible` provisioner, it is preferred to pass the
directory that contains the generated inventory file. This way, advanced
inventory usages can be achieved by adding more inventory files into the
same directory.
Related to #2103 and #6500
[ci skip]
Vagrant should only consider the host-only interfaces used by the
virtual machine in the IPv6 fixup code. There may be other interfaces
present on the system with IPv6 addresses that for various reasons
would fail the routing check (for example, an interface with no
machines attached).
The patch changes the behavior to not scan all of the host-only
interfaces and adds a unit test for the behavior (that the correct IP
is validated).
Lastly, there is a small fix here that may not be an issue for most
people where the IPv6 prefix was asummed to be a multiple of 16 for
the purposes of constructing the UDP probe datagram. This assumption
has been removed.
Fixes#6586
String and Symbol types are different when used as a Hash key. By
default the Vagrant machine names are set in Symbol format, but users
may write their `host_vars` entries with String keys. This is a very
simple way to ensure smooth experience, without having to coerce the
data types during the config validation (e.g. with a library like
Hashie, which is currently not in the Vagrant dependencies)
See also:
- https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/5964#note-17
- https://github.com/intridea/hashie#keyconversion
Refactor and repair regular expression attempting to match present interfaces.
The refactored regular expression will match on enp* ens* eth* variants.
I missed to rename the refactored exceptions as AnsibleCommandFailed in
the guest-based parts. The lack of unit tests for these parts hurts...
on my agenda, I swear!
See c1f3d114f5
This is required because the Chef Server almost always needs a node name to
interact. This will default to the hostname, but that's always going to be
`vagrant.vm`, which will collide easily.
This generates a random hostname with `vagrant-` as the prefix and stores the
result in the machine's data directory.
Starting with PowerShell 5, the progress bar can be observed via the
Write-Progress cmdlet. From WinRM, this appears as a stderr output.
Vagrant assumes that there is error if output appears on stderr.
This terminates various scripts which previously executed successfully
in Vagrant (prior to Windows 10).
This fix injects a variable assignment at various points of the script
execution process to disable display of the progress bar.
This fixes GH-6395 by only appending the access_token once. It also fixes a
bug that was never reported. If a user supplied an access_token for a box URL,
Vagrant would silently overwrite it.
After this commit, Vagrant only appends an access_token to the URL if no
value exists at the key.
This patch introduces a new parameter --all for the remove
command of the box plugin. Setting this parameter will remove
all available versions of a specific box.
Example usage:
```
$ vagrant box list
ubuntu/trusty64 (virtualbox, 20150427.0.0)
ubuntu/trusty64 (virtualbox, 20150430.0.0)
ubuntu/trusty64 (virtualbox, 20150506.0.0)
```
```
$ vagrant box remove ubuntu/trusty64
You requested to remove the box 'ubuntu/trusty64' with provider
'virtualbox'. This box has multiple versions. You must
explicitly specify which version you want to remove with
the `--box-version` flag. The available versions for this
box are:
* 20150427.0.0
* 20150430.0.0
* 20150506.0.0
```
With the --all parameter it is possible to remove all versions at once.
```
$ vagrant box remove --all ubuntu/trusty64
Removing box 'ubuntu/trusty64' (v20150506.0.0) with provider 'virtualbox'...
Removing box 'ubuntu/trusty64' (v20150430.0.0) with provider 'virtualbox'...
Removing box 'ubuntu/trusty64' (v20150427.0.0) with provider 'virtualbox'...
```
With this change, the existing host-based Ansible provisioner is
refactored to share a maximum of code with this new guest-based Ansible
provisioner.
At this stage of development, the existing unit tests are intentionally
modified as little as possible, to keep safe the existing funtionalities.
Other issues resolved by this changeset:
- Display a warning when running from a Windows host [GH-5292]
- Do not run `ansible-playbook` in verbose mode when the `verbose` option
is set to an empty string.
The current docker installer attempt to install the linux-image-extra-`uname -r` DEB package on Debian systems.
This package may not exist, for example on custom kernels (e.g., Linode servers).
If this happens, Vagrant halts the provisioning. However, this package is not really needed in newer Debian releases (such as Ubuntu 14.04).
This small patch checks if the linux-image-extra-`uname -r` package exists, and it will install it if it does. In either case, it will continue provisioning.
This changes the ssh ready? method to treat ENETUNREACH the same way as
EHOSTUNREACH errors.
When attempting to SSH into a box, it tries up to 5 times to connect to
the box, ignoring various errors. Later it will catch and gracefully
handle most of those errors so that callers don't have to know the
details.
However, the Errno::ENETUNREACH error is not caught, which means that
callers that expect a clean boolean return from ready? don't get that,
and instead get an exception they probably aren't expecting.
Changed the name of the error LinuxRDesktopNotFound to
LinuxRDPClientNotFound and re-worded error text in
templates/locales/en.yml to include `xfreerdp` when listing supported
RDP clients.
The benefits of the following "breaking change" are the following:
- default behaviour naturally fits with most common usage (i.e. always
connect with Vagrant SSH settings)
- the autogenerated inventory is more consistent by providing both the
SSH username and private key.
- no longer needed to explain how to override Ansible `remote_user` parameters
Important: With the `force_remote_user` option, people still can fall
back to the former behavior (prior to Vagrant 1.8.0), which means that
Vagrant integration capabilities are still quite open and flexible.
Starting with vagrant 1.7.3
(commit 1152b4e1df) we don't
save the command to be executed in the file anymore, but we send
it as a parameter, thus the back tick makes things worse.
Previously, configuring and enabling network interfaces failed with:
"The following SSH command responded with a non-zero exit status.
Vagrant assumes that this means the command failed!
/usr/sbin/biosdevname --policy=all_ethN -i bash: /usr/sbin/biosdevname:
No such file or directory
Stdout from the command:
bash: /usr/sbin/biosdevname: No such file or directory"
The previous attempt to fix this (ccc4162) doesn't work since it doesn't
properly parse the 'bash: /usr/sbin/biosdevname: No such file or
directory' error message.
This patch works around that problem and adds a comment explaining the
meaning of the return codes.
puppet_server provisioner fails with Puppet Collection 1 with the
following error:
```bash
==> default: Running provisioner: puppet_server...
The `puppet` binary appears not to be in the PATH of the guest. This
could be because the PATH is not properly setup or perhaps Puppet is not
installed on this guest. Puppet provisioning can not continue without
Puppet properly installed.
```
Currently `configure_networks` guest cap configures NICs following the device order and fails
when the device order is mixed. We should detect the appropriate NIC by its MAC address.
Slackware's version file is /etc/slackware-version not
/etc/slackware-release.
pidof is not on PATH by default (not running as root) so call it using
full path
VirtualBox has a bug where the IPv6 route is lost on every other
configuration of a host-only network. This is also triggered when a VM
is booted.
To fix this, we test the route-ability of all IPv6 networks, and
reconfigure if necessary. This is very fast but we still only do this if
we have any IPv6 networks.
The problem demonstrated in #6065 is that a string has incorrectly been
encoded with US-ASCII even though it contains invalid US-ASCII byte
sequences (any byte with the most significant bit on is invalid in the
US-ASCII encoding).
The thing about doing newline normalization is that it is not actually
sensitive to the presence of US-ASCII byte sequenzes. Additionally, it
is very unlikely that a user will ever be using an encoding where \r\n
is not encoded the same as it would be in ASCII.
This patch first tries the existing method of normalizing the newlines
in the provided script file, if that fails for any reason it force
encodes the string to ASCII-8BIT (which allows the most significant bit
to be on in any individual byte) and then performs the substitution in
that byte space.
We gained a ton of improvemnts to WinRM error handling in
https://github.com/mitchellh/vagrant/pull/4943, but we also got one bug.
The new code raises an exception when `winrm_info` does not return right
away. This was preventing us from catching the retry/timout logic that's
meant to wait until boot_timeout for the WinRM communicator to be ready.
This restores the proper behavior by rescuing the WinRMNotReady
exception and continuing to retry until the surrounding timeout fires.
Adds a configurable value for WinRm and the elevated permission shell ExecutionTimeLimit.
Please see mitchellh/vagrant#5506
Ex: config.winrm.execution_time_limit = "P1D"
Windows offers no out-of-the-box rsync utility. By far, the most
commonly used external utilities for Windows rsync are built with the
GNU Cygwin libraries. The cost for this convenience is that rsync on
Windows has to be provided paths that begin “/cygdrive/c” rather than
“c:/“ like other Windows-API utilities. Compounding the situation,
rsync doesn’t create paths/to/sub/targets and so the vagrant plugin
code, when performing an rsync, is responsible for creating
intermediate directories in guest paths if there are any. Furthermore,
the mkdir utility in Windows is not another Cygwin utility like rsync
but the routine mkdir of Windows command.com. Therefore, while rsync
needs the /cygwin paths, mkdir uses the Windows paths. Later, the
chef_solo.rp provisioner running within the guest will expect to find
Windows-style paths in its solo.rb configuration file. Due to all this,
vagrant has to keep track of both the original, possibly dirty Windows
guest path and the cygwin-scrubbed guest path.
When the network's type is :dhcp, the :ip option is used to derive the DHCP server configuration, and it doesn't actually indicate the IP that will be received by the VM(s).
This fixes error for Win 10 Enterprise:
An error occurred while executing a PowerShell script. This error
is shown below. Please read the error message and see if this is
a configuration error with your system. If it is not, then please
report a bug.
Script: get_vm_status.ps1
Error:
C:\HashiCorp\Vagrant\embedded\gems\gems\vagrant-1.7.4\plugins\providers\hyperv\scripts\get_vm_status.ps1 : Unable to
find type [Microsoft.HyperV.PowerShell.VirtualizationOperationFailedException].
At line:1 char:1
+ &('C:\HashiCorp\Vagrant\embedded\gems\gems\vagrant-1.7.4\plugins\prov ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (Microsoft.Hyper...FailedException:TypeName) [get_vm_status.ps1], Ru
ntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : TypeNotFound,get_vm_status.ps1
This allows Vagrant to calculate if a container's arguments (such as the run
arguments) have changed in the Vagrantfile since the original run.
Fixes GH-3055
When provisioning multiple machines in sequence (the default vagrant
behaviour), it doesn't make sense to require to provide the private ssh
key(s) via the custom ansible inventory script/file.
To align with the handling of multiple ssh keys per machine, we won't
rely any longer on `--private-key` command line argument, but only pass
the keys via `ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS` environment variable.
Note that when vagrant generates the ansible inventory and that only one
key is associated to a VM, this step would be redundant, and therefore
won't be applied.
This change fixes the breaking change introduced by 3d62a91.
Vagrant 1.7.1 creates and injects new ssh keys for each virtual machine.
When it started ansible with the "parallel provisioning trick",
it would only send the ssh key of the targeted virtual machine.
With this change, vagrant now stores the ssh key for each virtual
machines directly in the generated ansible inventory, and thus allow
ansible parallelism.
Note that this change is not sufficient, as it would break vagrant
configuration based on a custom inventory (file or script). This issue
will be addressed in a next commit.
Signed-off-by: Luis Pabón <lpabon@redhat.com>
The Ansible Vagrant provisioner has a race where the inventory file is
updated every time the provisioner runs unless a file is provided.
Therefore if Ansible attempts to provision two nodes in parallel, you
may see the following race:
* System A writes the inventory file and calls Ansible.
* System B starts to provision and truncates the file before
creating a new one.
* Ansible on system A now attempts to read the inventory
file, which is blank. Ansible bombs out with "ERROR: provided
hosts list is empty".
To fix this, we only allow Vagrant to update the inventory file if
it needs to.
Seth Vargo
nico.vanelslande
Luca Invernizzi
Gilles Cornu
Ray Ruvinskiy
Thom May
Jon Topper
David O'Rourke
till
Eric Pulvino
Kierran McPherson
penz
Michael Sarahan
Darragh Bailey
Phivos Stylianides
John Julien
Lars Christensen
Altex
Matt Wrock
Paul Hinze
Andres Montalban
Marchenko Alexandr
Kamjar Gerami
Donald Guy
Mark Peek
Evgeniy N
Kevin Blair
Pravinchandar Raajendiran
Andrew Coleman
Dennis
Shawn Neal
gavioto20
William Oldwin
Tom Scanlan
Daniel Schreiber
Jose Luis Duran
James Jones
Andreas Reischuck
Gordon Franke
Peter Souter
char16t
Mitchell Hashimoto
KaffeJunky123
Tony Arkles
Mitchell Hashimoto
michaa76
Luke Bakken
Hasyimi Bahrudin
Timur Alperovich
Rickard von Essen
Michael Kuzmin
Christian Henz
Reed Loden
Joshua Harshman
Romulo De Lazzari
Lalatendu Mohanty
Mikhail Zholobov
Jason Casden
Eli Skeggs
Seth Miller
Tristan Rivoallan
Seng Lin Shee
Olivier Meurice
Christian Berendt
Clayton O'Neill
Indrek Ardel
Eric Winkelmann
Aneesh Agrawal
matthewcodes
Markus Perl
Timotei Dolean
Dan Dunckel
Marc Siegfriedt
Tadej Janež
Johannes Graf
Jurnell Cockhren
caleblloyd
Guillermo Bonvehí
ctammes
Maarten De Wispelaere
Brian Dwyer
Trey Briggs
tomfanning
Sam Phippen
Philip Wigg
Kristoffer Grönlund
Jeff Kwan
Jeff Goldschrafe
Jeremy Roberts
konomae
Dusty Mabe
Arlo Louis O'Keeffe
Elan Ruusamäe
Lonnie VanZandt
Victor Costan
Manuel Pöter
Mike Averto
Jason Woods
John Syrinek
Ben Hines
지훈
Pat O'Shea
Mattias Appelgren
Denis Brækhus
Jon Burgess
Bob
Yang Sheng Han
aidanhs
William Kral
Satoshi Matsumoto
Luis Pabón
Nicholas Randon
Adrian Guenter