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| page_title | sidebar_current |
|---|---|
| Vagrantfile | vagrantfile |
Vagrantfile
The primary function of the Vagrantfile is to describe the type
of machine required for a project, and how to configure and
provision these machines. Vagrantfiles are called Vagrantfiles because
the actual literal filename for the file is Vagrantfile (casing doesn't
matter).
Vagrant is meant to run with one Vagrantfile per project, and the Vagrantfile
is supposed to be committed to version control. This allows other developers
involved in the project to check out the code, run vagrant up, and be on
their way. Vagrantfiles are portable across every platform Vagrant supports.
The syntax of Vagrantfiles is Ruby, but knowledge of the Ruby programming language is not necessary to make modifications to the Vagrantfile, since it is mostly simple variable assignment. In fact, Ruby isn't even the most popular community Vagrant is used within, which should help show you that despite not having Ruby knowledge, people are very successful with Vagrant.
Lookup Path
When you run any vagrant command, Vagrant climbs up the directory tree
looking for the first Vagrantfile it can find, starting first in the
current directory. So if you run vagrant in /home/mitchellh/projects/foo,
it will search the following paths in order for a Vagrantfile, until it
finds one:
/home/mitchellh/projects/foo/Vagrantfile
/home/mitchellh/projects/Vagrantfile
/home/mitchellh/Vagrantfile
/home/Vagrantfile
/Vagrantfile
This feature lets you run vagrant from any directory in your project.
You can change the starting directory where Vagrant looks for a Vagrantfile
by setting the VAGRANT_CWD environmental variable to some other path.
Load Order and Merging
An important concept to understand is how Vagrant loads Vagrantfiles. Vagrant actually loads a series of Vagrantfiles, merging the settings as it goes. This allows Vagrantfiles of varying level of specificity to override prior settings. Vagrantfiles are loaded in the order shown below. Note that if a Vagrantfile is not found at any step, Vagrant continues with the next step.
- Vagrantfile packaged with the box that is to be used for a given machine.
- Vagrantfile in your Vagrant home directory (defaults to
~/.vagrant.d). This lets you specify some defaults for your system user. - Vagrantfile from the project directory. This is the Vagrantfile that you'll be modifying most of the time.
- Multi-machine overrides if any.
- Provider-specific overrides, if any.
At each level, settings set will be merged with previous values. What this exactly means depends on the setting. For most settings, this means that the newer setting overrides the older one. However, for things such as defining networks, the networks are actually appended to each other. By default, you should assume that settings will override each other. If the behavior is different, it will be noted in the relevant documentation section.
Within each Vagrantfile, you may specify multiple Vagrant.configure blocks.
All configurations will be merged within a single Vagrantfile in the order
they're defined.
Available Configuration Options
You can learn more about the available configuration options by clicking the relevant section in the left navigational area.