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Chef Solo - Provisioning	provisioning-chefsolo

Chef Solo Provisioner

Provisioner name: chef_solo

The chef solo provisioner allows you to provision the guest using Chef, specifically with Chef Solo.

Chef solo is ideal for people who are already experienced with Chef, already have Chef cookbooks, or are looking to learn Chef. Specifically, this documentation page will not go into how to use Chef or how to write Chef cookbooks, since Chef is a complete system that is beyond the scope of a single page of documentation.

Warning: If you're not familiar with Chef and Vagrant already, I recommend starting with the shell provisioner. However, if you're comfortable with Vagrant already, Vagrant is the best way to learn Chef.

Options

This section lists the complete set of available options for the Chef solo provisioner. More detailed examples of how to use the provisioner are available below this section.

Note that only the Chef-solo specific options are shown below. There is also a large set of common options that are available with both the Chef solo and Chef client provisioners.

cookbooks_path (string or array) - A list of paths to where cookbooks are stored. By default this is "cookbooks", expecting a cookbooks folder relative to the Vagrantfile location.
data_bags_path (string or array) - A list of paths where data bags are stored. By default, no data bag paths are set.
encrypted_data_bag_secret_key_path (string) - The path to the secret key file to decrypt encrypted data bags. By default, this is not set.
environments_path (string or array) - A list of paths where environment definitions are located. By default, no environments folder is set.
environment (string) - The environment you want the Chef run to be a part of. This requires that environments_path is set.
recipe_url (string) - URL to an archive of cookbooks that Chef will download and use.
roles_path (string or array) - A list of paths where roles are defined. By default this is empty.
synced_folder_type (string) - The type of synced folders to use when sharing the data required for the provisioner to work properly. By default this will use the default synced folder type. For example, you can set this to "nfs" to use NFS synced folders.

Specifying a Run List

The easiest way to get started with the Chef Solo provisioner is to just specify a run list. This looks like:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.provision "chef_solo" do |chef|
    chef.add_recipe "apache"
  end
end

This causes Vagrant to run Chef Solo with the "apache" cookbook. The cookbooks by default are looked for in the "cookbooks" directory relative to your project root. The directory structure ends up looking like this:

$ tree
.
|-- Vagrantfile
|-- cookbooks
|   |-- apache
|       |-- recipes
|           |-- default.rb

Custom Cookbooks Path

Instead of using the default "cookbooks" directory, a custom cookbooks path can also be set via the cookbooks_path configuration directive:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.provision "chef_solo" do |chef|
    chef.cookbooks_path = "my_cookbooks"
  end
end

The path can be relative or absolute. If it is relative, it is relative to the project root.

The configuration value can also be an array of paths:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.provision "chef_solo" do |chef|
    chef.cookbooks_path = ["cookbooks", "my_cookbooks"]
  end
end

Roles

Vagrant also supports provisioning with Chef roles. This is done by specifying a path to a roles folder where roles are defined and by adding roles to your run list:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.provision "chef_solo" do |chef|
    chef.roles_path = "roles"
    chef.add_role("web")
  end
end

Just like the cookbooks path, the roles path is relative to the project root if a relative path is given.

Note: The name of the role file must be the same as the role name. For example the web role must be in the roles_path as web.json or web.rb. This is required by Chef itself, and isn't a limitation imposed by Vagrant.

Data Bags

Data bags are also supported by the Chef Solo provisioner. This is done by specifying a path to your data bags directory:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.provision "chef_solo" do |chef|
    chef.data_bags_path = "data_bags"
  end
end

Custom JSON Data

Additional configuration data for Chef attributes can be passed in to Chef solo. This is done by setting the json property with a Ruby hash (dictionary-like object), which is converted to JSON and passed in to Chef:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.provision "chef_solo" do |chef|
    # ...

    chef.json = {
      "apache" => {
        "listen_address" => "0.0.0.0"
      }
    }
  end
end

Hashes, arrays, etc. can be used with the JSON configuration object. Basically, anything that can be turned cleanly into JSON works.

Custom Node Name

You can specify a custom node name by setting the node_name property. This is useful for cookbooks that may depend on this being set to some sort of value. Example:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.provision "chef_solo" do |chef|
    chef.node_name = "foo"
  end
end

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