kicad/libs/kimath/include/geometry/shape.h

/*
 * This program source code file is part of KiCad, a free EDA CAD application.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2013 CERN
 * Copyright (C) 2021-2022 KiCad Developers, see AUTHORS.txt for contributors.
 * @author Tomasz Wlostowski <tomasz.wlostowski@cern.ch>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, you may find one here:
 * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/gpl-2.0.html
 * or you may search the http://www.gnu.org website for the version 2 license,
 * or you may write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA
 */

#ifndef __SHAPE_H
#define __SHAPE_H

#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
#include <geometry/seg.h>
#include <geometry/eda_angle.h>
#include <geometry/geometry_utils.h>
#include <math/vector2d.h>
#include <math/box2.h>
#include <wx/string.h>

class SHAPE_LINE_CHAIN;
class SHAPE_POLY_SET;

/**
 * Lists all supported shapes.
 */

enum SHAPE_TYPE
{
    SH_RECT = 0,         ///< axis-aligned rectangle
    SH_SEGMENT,          ///< line segment
    SH_LINE_CHAIN,       ///< line chain (polyline)
    SH_CIRCLE,           ///< circle
    SH_SIMPLE,           ///< simple polygon
    SH_POLY_SET,         ///< set of polygons (with holes, etc.)
    SH_COMPOUND,         ///< compound shape, consisting of multiple simple shapes
    SH_ARC,              ///< circular arc
    SH_NULL,             ///< empty shape (no shape...),
    SH_POLY_SET_TRIANGLE ///< a single triangle belonging to a POLY_SET triangulation
};

static inline wxString SHAPE_TYPE_asString( SHAPE_TYPE a )
{
    switch( a )
    {
    case SH_RECT:              return wxT( "SH_RECT" );
    case SH_SEGMENT:           return wxT( "SH_SEGMENT" );
    case SH_LINE_CHAIN:        return wxT( "SH_LINE_CHAIN" );
    case SH_CIRCLE:            return wxT( "SH_CIRCLE" );
    case SH_SIMPLE:            return wxT( "SH_SIMPLE" );
    case SH_POLY_SET:          return wxT( "SH_POLY_SET" );
    case SH_COMPOUND:          return wxT( "SH_COMPOUND" );
    case SH_ARC:               return wxT( "SH_ARC" );
    case SH_NULL:              return wxT( "SH_NULL" );
    case SH_POLY_SET_TRIANGLE: return wxT( "SH_POLY_SET_TRIANGLE" );
    }

    return wxEmptyString;  // Just to quiet GCC.
}

class SHAPE;

class SHAPE_BASE
{
public:
    /**
     * Create an empty shape of type aType
     */
    SHAPE_BASE( SHAPE_TYPE aType ) :
        m_type( aType )
    {}

    virtual ~SHAPE_BASE()
    {}

    /**
     * Return the type of the shape.
     *
     * @retval the type
     */
    SHAPE_TYPE Type() const
    {
        return m_type;
    }

    wxString TypeName() const
    {
        return SHAPE_TYPE_asString( m_type );
    }

    virtual bool HasIndexableSubshapes() const
    {
        return false;
    }

    virtual size_t GetIndexableSubshapeCount() const { return 0; }

    virtual void GetIndexableSubshapes( std::vector<const SHAPE*>& aSubshapes ) const { }

protected:
    ///< type of our shape
    SHAPE_TYPE m_type;
};

/**
 * An abstract shape on 2D plane.
 */
class SHAPE : public SHAPE_BASE
{
public:
    /**
     * This is the minimum precision for all the points in a shape.
     */
    static const int MIN_PRECISION_IU = 4;

    /**
     * Create an empty shape of type \a aType.
     */
    SHAPE( SHAPE_TYPE aType ) :
        SHAPE_BASE( aType )
    {}

    virtual ~SHAPE()
    {}

    /**
     * Return a dynamically allocated copy of the shape.
     *
     * @retval copy of the shape
     */
    virtual SHAPE* Clone() const
    {
        assert( false );
        return nullptr;
    };

    /**
     * Return the actual minimum distance between two shapes
     *
     * @retval distance in IU
     */
    int GetClearance( const SHAPE* aOther ) const;

    /**
     * Return true if the shape is a null shape.
     *
     * @retval true if null :-)
     */
    bool IsNull() const
    {
        return m_type == SH_NULL;
    }

    /**
     * Check if the boundary of shape (this) lies closer to the point \a aP than \a aClearance,
     * indicating a collision.
     *
     * @param aActual [out] an optional pointer to an int to store the actual distance in the
     *                event of a collision.
     * @param aLocation [out] an option pointer to a point to store a nearby location in the
     *                  event of a collision.
     * @return true, if there is a collision.
     */
    virtual bool Collide( const VECTOR2I& aP, int aClearance = 0, int* aActual = nullptr,
                          VECTOR2I* aLocation = nullptr ) const
    {
        return Collide( SEG( aP, aP ), aClearance, aActual, aLocation );
    }

    /**
     * Check if the boundary of shape (this) lies closer to the shape \a aShape than \a aClearance,
     * indicating a collision.
     *
     * @param aShape shape to check collision against
     * @param aClearance minimum clearance
     * @param aMTV [out] minimum translation vector
     * @param aActual [out] an optional pointer to an int to store the actual distance in the
     *                event of a collision.
     * @param aLocation [out] an option pointer to a point to store a nearby location in the
     *                  event of a collision.
     * @return true, if there is a collision.
     */
    virtual bool Collide( const SHAPE* aShape, int aClearance, VECTOR2I* aMTV ) const;

    virtual bool Collide( const SHAPE* aShape, int aClearance = 0, int* aActual = nullptr,
                          VECTOR2I* aLocation = nullptr ) const;

    /**
     * Check if the boundary of shape (this) lies closer to the segment \a aSeg than \a aClearance,
     * indicating a collision.
     *
     * @param aActual [out] an optional pointer to an int to be updated with the actual distance
     *                int the event of a collision.
     * @param aLocation [out] an option pointer to a point to store a nearby location in the
     *                  event of a collision.
     * @return true, if there is a collision.
     */
    virtual bool Collide( const SEG& aSeg, int aClearance = 0, int* aActual = nullptr,
                          VECTOR2I* aLocation = nullptr ) const = 0;

    /**
     * Compute a bounding box of the shape, with a margin of \a aClearance a collision.
     *
     * @param aClearance how much the bounding box is expanded wrs to the minimum enclosing
     *                   rectangle for the shape.
     * @return the bounding box.
     */
    virtual const BOX2I BBox( int aClearance = 0 ) const = 0;

    /**
     * Compute a center-of-mass of the shape.
     *
     * @return the center-of-mass point
     */
    virtual VECTOR2I Centre() const
    {
        return BBox( 0 ).Centre(); // if nothing better is available....
    }

    /**
     * Returns the minimum distance from a given point to this shape.
     * Always returns zero if the point is inside a closed shape and aOutlineOnly is false.
     *
     * @param aP is the point to test
     * @param aOutlineOnly can be set to true to measure the distance to the outline of the shape
     * @return the distance from the shape to aP
     */
    virtual int Distance( const VECTOR2I& aP, bool aOutlineOnly = false ) const;

    /**
     * @see SHAPE::Distance
     */
    virtual SEG::ecoord SquaredDistance( const VECTOR2I& aP, bool aOutlineOnly = false ) const;

    /**
     * Check if point \a aP lies inside a closed shape.  Always returns false if this shape is not closed.
     *
     * @param aPt point to check
     * @param aUseBBoxCache gives better performance if the bounding box caches have been
     *                      generated.
     * @return true if the point is inside the shape (edge is not treated as being inside).
     */
    virtual bool PointInside( const VECTOR2I& aPt, int aAccuracy = 0, bool aUseBBoxCache = false ) const;

    /**
     * Fills a SHAPE_POLY_SET with a polygon representation of this shape.
     * @param aBuffer [out] will be filled with the polygonal representation of this shape.
     * @param aError controls the maximum allowed deviation when converting rounded shapes to segments
     * @param aErrorLoc controls where the error is placed when approximating rounded shapes
     */
    virtual void TransformToPolygon( SHAPE_POLY_SET& aBuffer, int aError, ERROR_LOC aErrorLoc ) const = 0;

    /**
     * @param aCenter is the rotation center.
     * @param aAngle rotation angle.
     */
    virtual void Rotate( const EDA_ANGLE& aAngle, const VECTOR2I& aCenter = { 0, 0 } ) = 0;

    virtual void Move( const VECTOR2I& aVector ) = 0;

    virtual bool IsSolid() const = 0;

    virtual bool Parse( std::stringstream& aStream );

    virtual const std::string Format( bool aCplusPlus = true ) const;

protected:
    typedef VECTOR2I::extended_type ecoord;
};


class SHAPE_LINE_CHAIN_BASE : public SHAPE
{
public:
    SHAPE_LINE_CHAIN_BASE( SHAPE_TYPE aType ) :
        SHAPE( aType )
    {
    }

    virtual ~SHAPE_LINE_CHAIN_BASE()
    {
    }

    /**
     * Check if point \a aP lies closer to us than \a aClearance.
     *
     * @param aP the point to check for collisions with
     * @param aClearance minimum distance that does not qualify as a collision.
     * @param aActual an optional pointer to an int to store the actual distance in the event
     *                of a collision.
     * @return true, when a collision has been found
     */
    virtual bool Collide( const VECTOR2I& aP, int aClearance = 0, int* aActual = nullptr,
                          VECTOR2I* aLocation = nullptr ) const override;

    /**
     * Check if segment \a aSeg lies closer to us than \a aClearance.
     *
     * @param aSeg the segment to check for collisions with
     * @param aClearance minimum distance that does not qualify as a collision.
     * @param aActual an optional pointer to an int to store the actual distance in the event
     *                of a collision.
     * @return true, when a collision has been found
     */

    virtual bool Collide( const SEG& aSeg, int aClearance = 0, int* aActual = nullptr,
                          VECTOR2I* aLocation = nullptr ) const override;

    SEG::ecoord SquaredDistance( const VECTOR2I& aP, bool aOutlineOnly = false ) const override;

    bool PointInside( const VECTOR2I& aPt, int aAccuracy = 0, bool aUseBBoxCache = false ) const override;

    /**
     * Check if point \a aP lies on an edge or vertex of the line chain.
     *
     * @param aP point to check
     * @return true if the point lies on the edge.
     */
    bool PointOnEdge( const VECTOR2I& aP, int aAccuracy = 0 ) const;

    /**
     * Check if point \a aP lies on an edge or vertex of the line chain.
     *
     * @param aP point to check
     * @return index of the first edge containing the point, otherwise negative
     */
    int EdgeContainingPoint( const VECTOR2I& aP, int aAccuracy = 0 ) const;

    virtual const VECTOR2I GetPoint( int aIndex ) const   = 0;
    virtual const SEG      GetSegment( int aIndex ) const = 0;
    virtual size_t         GetPointCount() const          = 0;
    virtual size_t         GetSegmentCount() const        = 0;
    virtual bool IsClosed() const = 0;

    virtual BOX2I* GetCachedBBox() const { return nullptr; }

    void TransformToPolygon( SHAPE_POLY_SET& aBuffer, int aError,
                             ERROR_LOC aErrorLoc ) const override
    {}
};

#endif // __SHAPE_H